Effects of different stocking density and various phytogenic feed additives dosage levels on growing-finishing pigs
This study was to investigate the effects of different phytogenic feed additives (PFA) dosage levels in growing- finishing pigs stressed by high stocking density. A total of 72 mix sexed 12 weeks growing pigs ([Landrace × Yorkshire] × Duroc) with initial body weight (BW) of 49.28 ± 4.58 kg were used...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Korean Society of Animal Sciences and Technology
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Journal of Animal Science and Technology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.ejast.org/archive/view_article?doi=10.5187/jast.2023.e19 |
| _version_ | 1827925456392814592 |
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| author | Hyun Ah Cho Min Ho Song Ji Hwan Lee Han Jin Oh Yong Ju Kim Jae Woo An Se Yeon Chang Young Bin Go Dong Cheol Song Seung Yeol Cho Dong Jun Kim Mi Suk Kim Hae Ryoung Park Hyeun Bum Kim Jin Ho Cho |
| author_facet | Hyun Ah Cho Min Ho Song Ji Hwan Lee Han Jin Oh Yong Ju Kim Jae Woo An Se Yeon Chang Young Bin Go Dong Cheol Song Seung Yeol Cho Dong Jun Kim Mi Suk Kim Hae Ryoung Park Hyeun Bum Kim Jin Ho Cho |
| author_sort | Hyun Ah Cho |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study was to investigate the effects of different phytogenic feed additives (PFA) dosage levels in growing- finishing pigs stressed by high stocking density. A total of 72 mix sexed 12 weeks growing pigs ([Landrace × Yorkshire] × Duroc) with initial body weight (BW) of 49.28 ± 4.58 kg were used for 8 weeks. There were 3 replicate pens in each treatment group, with 3 pigs per pen. The dietary treatment groups consisted of basal diets in animal welfare density (negative control [NC]), basal diet in high stocking density (positive control [PC]), PC + 0.04% essential oil (ES1), PC + 0.08% essential oil (ES2), PC + 0.10% bitter citrus extract & essential oil (CES1), PC + 0.20% bitter citrus extract & essential oil (CES2), PC + 0.05% grape pomace extract (GP1), PC + 0.10% grape pomace extract (GP2). The reduction of space allowance decreased (p < 0.05) average daily gain, feed efficiency, and digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, and gross energy. Also, the fecal score of PC groups increased (p < 0.05) compared with other groups. Basic behaviors (feed intake, standing, lying) were inactive (p < 0.05) and singularity behavior (biting) was increased (p < 0.10) under high stocking density. There was no difference in blood profile. However, the supplementation of PFA alleviated the negative effects such as reduced growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and some increasing stress indicators in th blood (cortisol) and animal behavior (biting). In conclusion, the negative effect of high stocking density was most effectively mitigated by the normal dosage of the mixture of bitter citrus extract and essential oil additive (CES1). |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T05:25:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fceb3fffdc5b43d19d09bf1cb92f9b27 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2672-0191 2055-0391 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T05:25:53Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | Korean Society of Animal Sciences and Technology |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Animal Science and Technology |
| spelling | doaj.art-fceb3fffdc5b43d19d09bf1cb92f9b272023-06-15T08:26:15ZengKorean Society of Animal Sciences and TechnologyJournal of Animal Science and Technology2672-01912055-03912023-05-0165353554910.5187/jast.2023.e19Effects of different stocking density and various phytogenic feed additives dosage levels on growing-finishing pigsHyun Ah Cho0Min Ho Song1Ji Hwan Lee2Han Jin Oh3Yong Ju Kim4Jae Woo An5Se Yeon Chang6Young Bin Go7Dong Cheol Song8Seung Yeol Cho9Dong Jun Kim10Mi Suk Kim11Hae Ryoung Park12Hyeun Bum Kim13Jin Ho Cho14Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, KoreaDivision of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, KoreaDepartment of Poultry Science, University of Georgia (UGA), Athens, GA 30602, United StatesDepartment of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, KoreaDepartment of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, KoreaDepartment of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, KoreaDepartment of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, KoreaDepartment of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, KoreaDepartment of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, KoreaEugene-Bio, Suwon 16675, KoreaEugene-Bio, Suwon 16675, KoreaEugene-Bio, Suwon 16675, KoreaKorea Agriculture Technology Promotion Agency, Iksan 54667, KoreaDepartment of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, KoreaDepartment of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, KoreaThis study was to investigate the effects of different phytogenic feed additives (PFA) dosage levels in growing- finishing pigs stressed by high stocking density. A total of 72 mix sexed 12 weeks growing pigs ([Landrace × Yorkshire] × Duroc) with initial body weight (BW) of 49.28 ± 4.58 kg were used for 8 weeks. There were 3 replicate pens in each treatment group, with 3 pigs per pen. The dietary treatment groups consisted of basal diets in animal welfare density (negative control [NC]), basal diet in high stocking density (positive control [PC]), PC + 0.04% essential oil (ES1), PC + 0.08% essential oil (ES2), PC + 0.10% bitter citrus extract & essential oil (CES1), PC + 0.20% bitter citrus extract & essential oil (CES2), PC + 0.05% grape pomace extract (GP1), PC + 0.10% grape pomace extract (GP2). The reduction of space allowance decreased (p < 0.05) average daily gain, feed efficiency, and digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, and gross energy. Also, the fecal score of PC groups increased (p < 0.05) compared with other groups. Basic behaviors (feed intake, standing, lying) were inactive (p < 0.05) and singularity behavior (biting) was increased (p < 0.10) under high stocking density. There was no difference in blood profile. However, the supplementation of PFA alleviated the negative effects such as reduced growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and some increasing stress indicators in th blood (cortisol) and animal behavior (biting). In conclusion, the negative effect of high stocking density was most effectively mitigated by the normal dosage of the mixture of bitter citrus extract and essential oil additive (CES1). http://www.ejast.org/archive/view_article?doi=10.5187/jast.2023.e19PigDosageAdditiveStressPlant extractStocking density |
| spellingShingle | Hyun Ah Cho Min Ho Song Ji Hwan Lee Han Jin Oh Yong Ju Kim Jae Woo An Se Yeon Chang Young Bin Go Dong Cheol Song Seung Yeol Cho Dong Jun Kim Mi Suk Kim Hae Ryoung Park Hyeun Bum Kim Jin Ho Cho Effects of different stocking density and various phytogenic feed additives dosage levels on growing-finishing pigs Journal of Animal Science and Technology Pig Dosage Additive Stress Plant extract Stocking density |
| title | Effects of different stocking density and various phytogenic feed additives dosage levels on growing-finishing pigs |
| title_full | Effects of different stocking density and various phytogenic feed additives dosage levels on growing-finishing pigs |
| title_fullStr | Effects of different stocking density and various phytogenic feed additives dosage levels on growing-finishing pigs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of different stocking density and various phytogenic feed additives dosage levels on growing-finishing pigs |
| title_short | Effects of different stocking density and various phytogenic feed additives dosage levels on growing-finishing pigs |
| title_sort | effects of different stocking density and various phytogenic feed additives dosage levels on growing finishing pigs |
| topic | Pig Dosage Additive Stress Plant extract Stocking density |
| url | http://www.ejast.org/archive/view_article?doi=10.5187/jast.2023.e19 |
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