COVID-19 and Basedow disease
Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) heavily hits the human body through various and dramatic ways, and endocrine system is not an exception. Our purpose is to update the concepts around subjects diagnosed with Basedow disease (BD) before, after or during experiencing COVID-19 infection. This is a li...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Amaltea Medical Publishing House
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Romanian Journal of Infectious Diseases |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://rjid.com.ro/articles/2021.4/RJID_2021_4_Art-04.pdf |
| _version_ | 1811303472979509248 |
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| author | Mihai Cristian Dumitrascu Mihaela Popescu Alice Elena Ghenea Mara Carsote Aida Petca Razvan-Cosmin Petca Florica Sandru |
| author_facet | Mihai Cristian Dumitrascu Mihaela Popescu Alice Elena Ghenea Mara Carsote Aida Petca Razvan-Cosmin Petca Florica Sandru |
| author_sort | Mihai Cristian Dumitrascu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) heavily hits the human body through various and dramatic ways, and endocrine system is not an exception. Our purpose is to update the concepts around subjects diagnosed with Basedow disease (BD) before, after or during experiencing COVID-19 infection. This is a literature review based on full-length, English papers that are available through PubMed (published between 2020 and 2021). Angiotensinconverting enzyme 2 and transmembrane protease serine 2 receptors are expressed at thyroid level and this might explain why an active coronavirus infection activates the BD especially in patients with a potential predisposition.
Also, the new diagnostic of BD might follow a COVID-19 infection (within weeks). Simultaneously dealing with both conditions requires a more challenging multidisciplinary management, while the diagnostic of thyroid condition after recovery from infection is more likely to follow the general pattern of evolution (as seen in non-COVID-19 cases). A previous diagnostic of autoimmune hyperthyroidism means mostly either: BD is remitted after prior medication treatment with anti-thyroid drugs and/or radioiodine therapy (normal thyroid function), the patient has iatrogenic hypothyroidism that was induced after thyroidectomy or after radioiodine therapy (requiring daily oral levothyroxine substitution) or the subject is under thiamazol (or similar drugs) with either controlled or uncontrolled thyroid function. Most of the clinical studies agree (but not all) that people with treated hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are not susceptible to a higher morbidity or mortality concerning coronavirus infection.
One exception is concurrent medication with anti-thyroid drugs with a higher risk of agranulocytosis which is a prone condition to any kind of infection. Graves’ ophalmopathy may be synchronous or not with an active thyroid disease. Except for mild forms, typically the condition requires glucocorticoid therapy, preferably a short course of intravenous metiprednisolone which exposes the patient to a higher risk of an infection, including COVID-19. Recently, BD was suspected to be induced or aggravated by COVID-19 vaccination which is still a matter of discussion. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T07:48:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fcfeb14c1ff344779444eff0352c6a16 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1454-3389 2069-6051 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T07:48:39Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | Amaltea Medical Publishing House |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Romanian Journal of Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-fcfeb14c1ff344779444eff0352c6a162022-12-22T02:55:37ZengAmaltea Medical Publishing HouseRomanian Journal of Infectious Diseases1454-33892069-60512021-12-0124418518910.37897/RJID.2021.4.4COVID-19 and Basedow diseaseMihai Cristian Dumitrascu0Mihaela Popescu1Alice Elena Ghenea2Mara Carsote3Aida Petca4Razvan-Cosmin Petca5Florica Sandru6University Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania; “Carol Davila“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, RomaniaCraiova University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, RomaniaCraiova University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania“Carol Davila“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; “C.I. Parhon“ National Institute of Endocrinology, Bucharest, Romania“Carol Davila“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; Elias University Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania“Carol Davila“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; “Prof. Dr. Theodor Burghele“ Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania“Carol Davila“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; Elias University Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, RomaniaCoronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) heavily hits the human body through various and dramatic ways, and endocrine system is not an exception. Our purpose is to update the concepts around subjects diagnosed with Basedow disease (BD) before, after or during experiencing COVID-19 infection. This is a literature review based on full-length, English papers that are available through PubMed (published between 2020 and 2021). Angiotensinconverting enzyme 2 and transmembrane protease serine 2 receptors are expressed at thyroid level and this might explain why an active coronavirus infection activates the BD especially in patients with a potential predisposition. Also, the new diagnostic of BD might follow a COVID-19 infection (within weeks). Simultaneously dealing with both conditions requires a more challenging multidisciplinary management, while the diagnostic of thyroid condition after recovery from infection is more likely to follow the general pattern of evolution (as seen in non-COVID-19 cases). A previous diagnostic of autoimmune hyperthyroidism means mostly either: BD is remitted after prior medication treatment with anti-thyroid drugs and/or radioiodine therapy (normal thyroid function), the patient has iatrogenic hypothyroidism that was induced after thyroidectomy or after radioiodine therapy (requiring daily oral levothyroxine substitution) or the subject is under thiamazol (or similar drugs) with either controlled or uncontrolled thyroid function. Most of the clinical studies agree (but not all) that people with treated hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are not susceptible to a higher morbidity or mortality concerning coronavirus infection. One exception is concurrent medication with anti-thyroid drugs with a higher risk of agranulocytosis which is a prone condition to any kind of infection. Graves’ ophalmopathy may be synchronous or not with an active thyroid disease. Except for mild forms, typically the condition requires glucocorticoid therapy, preferably a short course of intravenous metiprednisolone which exposes the patient to a higher risk of an infection, including COVID-19. Recently, BD was suspected to be induced or aggravated by COVID-19 vaccination which is still a matter of discussion. https://rjid.com.ro/articles/2021.4/RJID_2021_4_Art-04.pdfsars-cov-2covid-19coronavirusthyrotoxicosishyperthyroidismophtalmopathybasedow diseaseeye diseasebasedow-graves’ diseasegraves’ disease |
| spellingShingle | Mihai Cristian Dumitrascu Mihaela Popescu Alice Elena Ghenea Mara Carsote Aida Petca Razvan-Cosmin Petca Florica Sandru COVID-19 and Basedow disease Romanian Journal of Infectious Diseases sars-cov-2 covid-19 coronavirus thyrotoxicosis hyperthyroidism ophtalmopathy basedow disease eye disease basedow-graves’ disease graves’ disease |
| title | COVID-19 and Basedow disease |
| title_full | COVID-19 and Basedow disease |
| title_fullStr | COVID-19 and Basedow disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | COVID-19 and Basedow disease |
| title_short | COVID-19 and Basedow disease |
| title_sort | covid 19 and basedow disease |
| topic | sars-cov-2 covid-19 coronavirus thyrotoxicosis hyperthyroidism ophtalmopathy basedow disease eye disease basedow-graves’ disease graves’ disease |
| url | https://rjid.com.ro/articles/2021.4/RJID_2021_4_Art-04.pdf |
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