Impact of Host Plant Species and Whitefly Species on Feeding Behavior of Bemisia tabaci
Whiteflies of the Bemisia tabaci species complex are economically important pests of cassava. In Africa, they cause greatest damage through vectoring viruses responsible for cassava mosaic disease and cassava brown streak disease. Several cryptic species from the B. tabaci complex colonize cassava a...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2019.00001/full |
| _version_ | 1818925864529690624 |
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| author | Milan Milenovic Milan Milenovic Milan Milenovic Everlyne Nafula Wosula Carmelo Rapisarda James Peter Legg |
| author_facet | Milan Milenovic Milan Milenovic Milan Milenovic Everlyne Nafula Wosula Carmelo Rapisarda James Peter Legg |
| author_sort | Milan Milenovic |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Whiteflies of the Bemisia tabaci species complex are economically important pests of cassava. In Africa, they cause greatest damage through vectoring viruses responsible for cassava mosaic disease and cassava brown streak disease. Several cryptic species from the B. tabaci complex colonize cassava and neighboring crops, but the feeding interactions between the different crops and B. tabaci species are unknown. The electrical penetration graph (EPG) technique makes it possible to conduct detailed feeding studies of sap-sucking insects by creating an electric circuit through the insect and the plant. The apparatus measures the voltage fluctuations while the wired-up insect feeds and produces graphs that describe feeding behavior. We utilized EPG to explore the feeding behavior of cassava-colonizing whiteflies (SSA1-SG3) on cassava, sweet potato, tomato, and cotton; and sweet potato-colonizing whiteflies (MED and IO) on cassava and sweet potato. Results show that: (1) feeding of SSA1-SG3 is not restricted to cassava. The least preferred host for SSA1-SG3 was tomato, where probing was delayed by 99 min compared to 10 min on other hosts, furthermore mean duration of phloem ingestion events was 36 min compared to 260 min on cassava. (2) Feeding of MED on cassava appeared to be non-functional, as it was characterized by short total phloem ingestion periods (<1 h) and few, short ingestion events, in contrast to feeding on sweet potato which was characterized by long phloem ingestion periods (>5 h). (3) Wire diameter affects the feeding in a statistically and practically significant manner. Implications for whitefly control and studies of host whitefly resistance are discussed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T02:48:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fd0e025b724343039946c7e943634081 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T02:48:00Z |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-fd0e025b724343039946c7e9436340812022-12-21T19:56:07ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2019-01-011010.3389/fpls.2019.00001429874Impact of Host Plant Species and Whitefly Species on Feeding Behavior of Bemisia tabaciMilan Milenovic0Milan Milenovic1Milan Milenovic2Everlyne Nafula Wosula3Carmelo Rapisarda4James Peter Legg5Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, University of Catania, Catania, ItalyDepartment of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarkInternational Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Dar es Salaam, TanzaniaInternational Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Dar es Salaam, TanzaniaDipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, University of Catania, Catania, ItalyInternational Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Dar es Salaam, TanzaniaWhiteflies of the Bemisia tabaci species complex are economically important pests of cassava. In Africa, they cause greatest damage through vectoring viruses responsible for cassava mosaic disease and cassava brown streak disease. Several cryptic species from the B. tabaci complex colonize cassava and neighboring crops, but the feeding interactions between the different crops and B. tabaci species are unknown. The electrical penetration graph (EPG) technique makes it possible to conduct detailed feeding studies of sap-sucking insects by creating an electric circuit through the insect and the plant. The apparatus measures the voltage fluctuations while the wired-up insect feeds and produces graphs that describe feeding behavior. We utilized EPG to explore the feeding behavior of cassava-colonizing whiteflies (SSA1-SG3) on cassava, sweet potato, tomato, and cotton; and sweet potato-colonizing whiteflies (MED and IO) on cassava and sweet potato. Results show that: (1) feeding of SSA1-SG3 is not restricted to cassava. The least preferred host for SSA1-SG3 was tomato, where probing was delayed by 99 min compared to 10 min on other hosts, furthermore mean duration of phloem ingestion events was 36 min compared to 260 min on cassava. (2) Feeding of MED on cassava appeared to be non-functional, as it was characterized by short total phloem ingestion periods (<1 h) and few, short ingestion events, in contrast to feeding on sweet potato which was characterized by long phloem ingestion periods (>5 h). (3) Wire diameter affects the feeding in a statistically and practically significant manner. Implications for whitefly control and studies of host whitefly resistance are discussed.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2019.00001/fullcassavaEPGwhiteflysweet potatoBemisia tabacifeeding behavior |
| spellingShingle | Milan Milenovic Milan Milenovic Milan Milenovic Everlyne Nafula Wosula Carmelo Rapisarda James Peter Legg Impact of Host Plant Species and Whitefly Species on Feeding Behavior of Bemisia tabaci Frontiers in Plant Science cassava EPG whitefly sweet potato Bemisia tabaci feeding behavior |
| title | Impact of Host Plant Species and Whitefly Species on Feeding Behavior of Bemisia tabaci |
| title_full | Impact of Host Plant Species and Whitefly Species on Feeding Behavior of Bemisia tabaci |
| title_fullStr | Impact of Host Plant Species and Whitefly Species on Feeding Behavior of Bemisia tabaci |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impact of Host Plant Species and Whitefly Species on Feeding Behavior of Bemisia tabaci |
| title_short | Impact of Host Plant Species and Whitefly Species on Feeding Behavior of Bemisia tabaci |
| title_sort | impact of host plant species and whitefly species on feeding behavior of bemisia tabaci |
| topic | cassava EPG whitefly sweet potato Bemisia tabaci feeding behavior |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2019.00001/full |
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