Online estimation of inertia and frequency regulation capability based on small perturbation
Urged by the low-carbon economic policies, several studies have demonstrated that the vastly available renewable energy sources (RESs) are considered as the promising substitute for the energy-intensive fossil fuel synchronous generators (SGs). This means the power system will operate at low inertia...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Energy Reports |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S235248472200511X |
| _version_ | 1828144848744480768 |
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| author | Wuqi Zhang Yunfeng Wen Li Li Qinglei Zhang Cheng Cheng Jun Li |
| author_facet | Wuqi Zhang Yunfeng Wen Li Li Qinglei Zhang Cheng Cheng Jun Li |
| author_sort | Wuqi Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Urged by the low-carbon economic policies, several studies have demonstrated that the vastly available renewable energy sources (RESs) are considered as the promising substitute for the energy-intensive fossil fuel synchronous generators (SGs). This means the power system will operate at low inertia level and frequency regulation capability (FRC), which is provided by conventional SGs. This may weaken the frequency dynamic regulation capability of the system under a contingency transient event. This paper, therefore, develops an inertia and FRC estimation method based on a small sinusoidal active power disturbance. Firstly, utilize the RESs (i.e., energy storage/photovoltaic/wind units and other programable devices) as a sinusoidal active power injected into a power system to obtain the frequency response in frequency domain, namely FR(s). Secondly, analyze the relation between the nodal inertia with SG or RES and the resonance frequency of the amplitude of FR(s), and the relation between the nodal FRC and the dc gain of the amplitude of FR(s), respectively. Based on the deduced relationships, an evaluation framework with the small sinusoidal perturbation for the inertia and FRC estimation is presented. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed small perturbation-based estimation approach in the modified 9-bus test system. This is useful for the design of the appropriate frequency control strategies for the grid operators and planners. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T20:23:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fd2996382f5e4e04b2908e85dfbf271f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2352-4847 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T20:23:18Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energy Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-fd2996382f5e4e04b2908e85dfbf271f2022-12-22T04:04:46ZengElsevierEnergy Reports2352-48472022-08-018650656Online estimation of inertia and frequency regulation capability based on small perturbationWuqi Zhang0Yunfeng Wen1Li Li2Qinglei Zhang3Cheng Cheng4Jun Li5Hunan University, Lushan Road (S), Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410082, ChinaHunan University, Lushan Road (S), Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410082, China; Corresponding author.State Grid Shaanxi Electric Dispatch and Control Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, 710000, ChinaState Grid Shaanxi Electric Dispatch and Control Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, 710000, ChinaState Grid Shaanxi Electric Dispatch and Control Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, 710000, ChinaState Grid Shaanxi Electric Dispatch and Control Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, 710000, ChinaUrged by the low-carbon economic policies, several studies have demonstrated that the vastly available renewable energy sources (RESs) are considered as the promising substitute for the energy-intensive fossil fuel synchronous generators (SGs). This means the power system will operate at low inertia level and frequency regulation capability (FRC), which is provided by conventional SGs. This may weaken the frequency dynamic regulation capability of the system under a contingency transient event. This paper, therefore, develops an inertia and FRC estimation method based on a small sinusoidal active power disturbance. Firstly, utilize the RESs (i.e., energy storage/photovoltaic/wind units and other programable devices) as a sinusoidal active power injected into a power system to obtain the frequency response in frequency domain, namely FR(s). Secondly, analyze the relation between the nodal inertia with SG or RES and the resonance frequency of the amplitude of FR(s), and the relation between the nodal FRC and the dc gain of the amplitude of FR(s), respectively. Based on the deduced relationships, an evaluation framework with the small sinusoidal perturbation for the inertia and FRC estimation is presented. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed small perturbation-based estimation approach in the modified 9-bus test system. This is useful for the design of the appropriate frequency control strategies for the grid operators and planners.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S235248472200511XInertia estimationFrequency regulation capability estimationLow-inertia power systemsRenewable energyPower system operation |
| spellingShingle | Wuqi Zhang Yunfeng Wen Li Li Qinglei Zhang Cheng Cheng Jun Li Online estimation of inertia and frequency regulation capability based on small perturbation Energy Reports Inertia estimation Frequency regulation capability estimation Low-inertia power systems Renewable energy Power system operation |
| title | Online estimation of inertia and frequency regulation capability based on small perturbation |
| title_full | Online estimation of inertia and frequency regulation capability based on small perturbation |
| title_fullStr | Online estimation of inertia and frequency regulation capability based on small perturbation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Online estimation of inertia and frequency regulation capability based on small perturbation |
| title_short | Online estimation of inertia and frequency regulation capability based on small perturbation |
| title_sort | online estimation of inertia and frequency regulation capability based on small perturbation |
| topic | Inertia estimation Frequency regulation capability estimation Low-inertia power systems Renewable energy Power system operation |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S235248472200511X |
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