Heart rate variability parameters and fetal movement complement fetal behavioral states detection via magnetography to monitor vegetative development
Fetal behavioral states are defined by fetal movement and heart rate variability (HRV). At 32 weeks of gestational age (GA) the distinction of four fetal behavioral states represented by combinations of quiet or active sleep or awakeness is possible. Prior to 32 weeks, only periods of fetal activity...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2015-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Human Neuroscience |
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| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnhum.2015.00147/full |
| _version_ | 1819009002525163520 |
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| author | Johanna eBrändle Hubert ePreissl Rossitza eDraganova Erick eOrtiz Karl Oliver eKagan Harald eAbele Sara eBrucker Isabelle D Kiefer-Schmidt |
| author_facet | Johanna eBrändle Hubert ePreissl Rossitza eDraganova Erick eOrtiz Karl Oliver eKagan Harald eAbele Sara eBrucker Isabelle D Kiefer-Schmidt |
| author_sort | Johanna eBrändle |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fetal behavioral states are defined by fetal movement and heart rate variability (HRV). At 32 weeks of gestational age (GA) the distinction of four fetal behavioral states represented by combinations of quiet or active sleep or awakeness is possible. Prior to 32 weeks, only periods of fetal activity and quiesence can be distinguished. The increasing synchronization of fetal movement and HRV reflects the development of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) control. Fetal magnetocardiography (fMCG) detects fetal heart activity at high temporal resolution, enabling the calculation of HRV parameters. This study combined the criteria of fetal movement with the HRV analysis to complete the criteria for fetal state detection. HRV parameters were calculated including the standard deviation of the normal-to-normal R–R interval (SDNN), the mean square of successive differences of the R–R intervals (RMSSD), SDNN/RMSSD ratio, and permutation entropy (PE) to gain information about the developing influence of the ANS within each fetal state. In this study, 55 magnetocardiograms from healthy fetuses of 24 – 41 weeks’ GA were recorded for up to 45 minutes using a fetal biomagnetometer. Fetal states were classified based on HRV and movement detection. HRV parameters were calculated for each state. Before GA 32 weeks, 58.4% quiescence and 41.6% activity cycles were observed. Later, 24% quiet sleep state (1F), 65.4% active sleep state (2F), and 10.6% active awake state (4F) were observed. SDNN increased over gestation. Changes of HRV parameters between the fetal behavioral states, especially between 1F and 4F, were statistically significant. Increasing fetal activity was confirmed by a decrease in PE complexity measures. The fHRV parameters support the differentiation between states and indicate the development of autonomous nervous control of heart rate function. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T00:49:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fd388acf18a244b6b7da356bc851d077 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-5161 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T00:49:27Z |
| publishDate | 2015-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Human Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-fd388acf18a244b6b7da356bc851d0772022-12-21T19:21:26ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Human Neuroscience1662-51612015-04-01910.3389/fnhum.2015.00147124029Heart rate variability parameters and fetal movement complement fetal behavioral states detection via magnetography to monitor vegetative developmentJohanna eBrändle0Hubert ePreissl1Rossitza eDraganova2Erick eOrtiz3Karl Oliver eKagan4Harald eAbele5Sara eBrucker6Isabelle D Kiefer-Schmidt7University of TuebingenUniveristy of TuebingenUniveristy of TuebingenUniveristy of TuebingenUniversity of TuebingenUniversity of TuebingenUniversity of TuebingenUniversity of TuebingenFetal behavioral states are defined by fetal movement and heart rate variability (HRV). At 32 weeks of gestational age (GA) the distinction of four fetal behavioral states represented by combinations of quiet or active sleep or awakeness is possible. Prior to 32 weeks, only periods of fetal activity and quiesence can be distinguished. The increasing synchronization of fetal movement and HRV reflects the development of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) control. Fetal magnetocardiography (fMCG) detects fetal heart activity at high temporal resolution, enabling the calculation of HRV parameters. This study combined the criteria of fetal movement with the HRV analysis to complete the criteria for fetal state detection. HRV parameters were calculated including the standard deviation of the normal-to-normal R–R interval (SDNN), the mean square of successive differences of the R–R intervals (RMSSD), SDNN/RMSSD ratio, and permutation entropy (PE) to gain information about the developing influence of the ANS within each fetal state. In this study, 55 magnetocardiograms from healthy fetuses of 24 – 41 weeks’ GA were recorded for up to 45 minutes using a fetal biomagnetometer. Fetal states were classified based on HRV and movement detection. HRV parameters were calculated for each state. Before GA 32 weeks, 58.4% quiescence and 41.6% activity cycles were observed. Later, 24% quiet sleep state (1F), 65.4% active sleep state (2F), and 10.6% active awake state (4F) were observed. SDNN increased over gestation. Changes of HRV parameters between the fetal behavioral states, especially between 1F and 4F, were statistically significant. Increasing fetal activity was confirmed by a decrease in PE complexity measures. The fHRV parameters support the differentiation between states and indicate the development of autonomous nervous control of heart rate function.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnhum.2015.00147/fullFetal Monitoringfetal magnetocardiographyFetal heart rate variabilityFetal neurodevelopmentfetal behavioral states |
| spellingShingle | Johanna eBrändle Hubert ePreissl Rossitza eDraganova Erick eOrtiz Karl Oliver eKagan Harald eAbele Sara eBrucker Isabelle D Kiefer-Schmidt Heart rate variability parameters and fetal movement complement fetal behavioral states detection via magnetography to monitor vegetative development Frontiers in Human Neuroscience Fetal Monitoring fetal magnetocardiography Fetal heart rate variability Fetal neurodevelopment fetal behavioral states |
| title | Heart rate variability parameters and fetal movement complement fetal behavioral states detection via magnetography to monitor vegetative development |
| title_full | Heart rate variability parameters and fetal movement complement fetal behavioral states detection via magnetography to monitor vegetative development |
| title_fullStr | Heart rate variability parameters and fetal movement complement fetal behavioral states detection via magnetography to monitor vegetative development |
| title_full_unstemmed | Heart rate variability parameters and fetal movement complement fetal behavioral states detection via magnetography to monitor vegetative development |
| title_short | Heart rate variability parameters and fetal movement complement fetal behavioral states detection via magnetography to monitor vegetative development |
| title_sort | heart rate variability parameters and fetal movement complement fetal behavioral states detection via magnetography to monitor vegetative development |
| topic | Fetal Monitoring fetal magnetocardiography Fetal heart rate variability Fetal neurodevelopment fetal behavioral states |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnhum.2015.00147/full |
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