Epigenetic Regulation of Skeletal Tissue Integrity and Osteoporosis Development
Bone turnover is sophisticatedly balanced by a dynamic coupling of bone formation and resorption at various rates. The orchestration of this continuous remodeling of the skeleton further affects other skeletal tissues through organ crosstalk. Chronic excessive bone resorption compromises bone mass a...
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MDPI AG
2020-07-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/14/4923 |
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| author | Yu-Shan Chen Wei-Shiung Lian Chung-Wen Kuo Huei-Jing Ke Shao-Yu Wang Pei-Chen Kuo Holger Jahr Feng-Sheng Wang |
| author_facet | Yu-Shan Chen Wei-Shiung Lian Chung-Wen Kuo Huei-Jing Ke Shao-Yu Wang Pei-Chen Kuo Holger Jahr Feng-Sheng Wang |
| author_sort | Yu-Shan Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Bone turnover is sophisticatedly balanced by a dynamic coupling of bone formation and resorption at various rates. The orchestration of this continuous remodeling of the skeleton further affects other skeletal tissues through organ crosstalk. Chronic excessive bone resorption compromises bone mass and its porous microstructure as well as proper biomechanics. This accelerates the development of osteoporotic disorders, a leading cause of skeletal degeneration-associated disability and premature death. Bone-forming cells play important roles in maintaining bone deposit and osteoclastic resorption. A poor organelle machinery, such as mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and defective autophagy, etc., dysregulates growth factor secretion, mineralization matrix production, or osteoclast-regulatory capacity in osteoblastic cells. A plethora of epigenetic pathways regulate bone formation, skeletal integrity, and the development of osteoporosis. MicroRNAs inhibit protein translation by binding the 3′-untranslated region of mRNAs or promote translation through post-transcriptional pathways. DNA methylation and post-translational modification of histones alter the chromatin structure, hindering histone enrichment in promoter regions. MicroRNA-processing enzymes and DNA as well as histone modification enzymes catalyze these modifying reactions. Gain and loss of these epigenetic modifiers in bone-forming cells affect their epigenetic landscapes, influencing bone homeostasis, microarchitectural integrity, and osteoporotic changes. This article conveys productive insights into biological roles of DNA methylation, microRNA, and histone modification and highlights their interactions during skeletal development and bone loss under physiological and pathological conditions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:32:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fd40a610f64f4867a7659b7b452967c6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:32:09Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-fd40a610f64f4867a7659b7b452967c62023-11-20T06:34:18ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672020-07-012114492310.3390/ijms21144923Epigenetic Regulation of Skeletal Tissue Integrity and Osteoporosis DevelopmentYu-Shan Chen0Wei-Shiung Lian1Chung-Wen Kuo2Huei-Jing Ke3Shao-Yu Wang4Pei-Chen Kuo5Holger Jahr6Feng-Sheng Wang7Core Laboratory for Phenomics and Diagnostics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, TaiwanCore Laboratory for Phenomics and Diagnostics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, TaiwanCore Laboratory for Phenomics and Diagnostics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, TaiwanCore Laboratory for Phenomics and Diagnostics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, TaiwanCore Laboratory for Phenomics and Diagnostics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, TaiwanCore Laboratory for Phenomics and Diagnostics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, TaiwanDepartment of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, GermanyCore Laboratory for Phenomics and Diagnostics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, TaiwanBone turnover is sophisticatedly balanced by a dynamic coupling of bone formation and resorption at various rates. The orchestration of this continuous remodeling of the skeleton further affects other skeletal tissues through organ crosstalk. Chronic excessive bone resorption compromises bone mass and its porous microstructure as well as proper biomechanics. This accelerates the development of osteoporotic disorders, a leading cause of skeletal degeneration-associated disability and premature death. Bone-forming cells play important roles in maintaining bone deposit and osteoclastic resorption. A poor organelle machinery, such as mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and defective autophagy, etc., dysregulates growth factor secretion, mineralization matrix production, or osteoclast-regulatory capacity in osteoblastic cells. A plethora of epigenetic pathways regulate bone formation, skeletal integrity, and the development of osteoporosis. MicroRNAs inhibit protein translation by binding the 3′-untranslated region of mRNAs or promote translation through post-transcriptional pathways. DNA methylation and post-translational modification of histones alter the chromatin structure, hindering histone enrichment in promoter regions. MicroRNA-processing enzymes and DNA as well as histone modification enzymes catalyze these modifying reactions. Gain and loss of these epigenetic modifiers in bone-forming cells affect their epigenetic landscapes, influencing bone homeostasis, microarchitectural integrity, and osteoporotic changes. This article conveys productive insights into biological roles of DNA methylation, microRNA, and histone modification and highlights their interactions during skeletal development and bone loss under physiological and pathological conditions.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/14/4923epigeneticosteoporosismicroRNAhistone modification |
| spellingShingle | Yu-Shan Chen Wei-Shiung Lian Chung-Wen Kuo Huei-Jing Ke Shao-Yu Wang Pei-Chen Kuo Holger Jahr Feng-Sheng Wang Epigenetic Regulation of Skeletal Tissue Integrity and Osteoporosis Development International Journal of Molecular Sciences epigenetic osteoporosis microRNA histone modification |
| title | Epigenetic Regulation of Skeletal Tissue Integrity and Osteoporosis Development |
| title_full | Epigenetic Regulation of Skeletal Tissue Integrity and Osteoporosis Development |
| title_fullStr | Epigenetic Regulation of Skeletal Tissue Integrity and Osteoporosis Development |
| title_full_unstemmed | Epigenetic Regulation of Skeletal Tissue Integrity and Osteoporosis Development |
| title_short | Epigenetic Regulation of Skeletal Tissue Integrity and Osteoporosis Development |
| title_sort | epigenetic regulation of skeletal tissue integrity and osteoporosis development |
| topic | epigenetic osteoporosis microRNA histone modification |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/14/4923 |
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