Activated Bio-Carbons Prepared from the Residue of Supercritical Extraction of Raw Plants and Their Application for Removal of Nitrogen Dioxide and Hydrogen Sulfide from the Gas Phase
The waste materials left after supercritical extraction of hop cones and marigold flowers were tested as precursors of activated bio-carbons. Adsorbents were produced by means of the physical (also called thermal) activation method using CO<sub>2</sub> as the gasifying agent. All the act...
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2021-06-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/12/3192 |
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| author | Aleksandra Bazan-Wozniak Piotr Nowicki Robert Wolski Robert Pietrzak |
| author_facet | Aleksandra Bazan-Wozniak Piotr Nowicki Robert Wolski Robert Pietrzak |
| author_sort | Aleksandra Bazan-Wozniak |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The waste materials left after supercritical extraction of hop cones and marigold flowers were tested as precursors of activated bio-carbons. Adsorbents were produced by means of the physical (also called thermal) activation method using CO<sub>2</sub> as the gasifying agent. All the activated bio-carbons were tested for the removal of NO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>S from the gas phase under dry and wet conditions. The effects of the type of precursor and the activation procedure on the porous structure development, the acid-base properties of the surface, as well as the sorption capacities of the materials produced were also checked. The final products were bio-carbons of medium developed surface area with a basic surface nature, characterized by their high effectiveness in removal of gas pollutants of acidic character, especially nitrogen dioxide (sorption capacities in the range from 12.5 to 102.6 mg/g). It was proved that the toxic gas removal efficiency depends considerably on the sorption conditions and the activation procedure. All materials showed greater effectiveness in gas removal when the process of adsorption was carried out in the presence of steam. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:33:46Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:33:46Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-fd45bbdf50e9439a9a9a0b7ddff3f9fc2023-11-21T23:28:44ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442021-06-011412319210.3390/ma14123192Activated Bio-Carbons Prepared from the Residue of Supercritical Extraction of Raw Plants and Their Application for Removal of Nitrogen Dioxide and Hydrogen Sulfide from the Gas PhaseAleksandra Bazan-Wozniak0Piotr Nowicki1Robert Wolski2Robert Pietrzak3Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, PolandFaculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, PolandFaculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, PolandFaculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, PolandThe waste materials left after supercritical extraction of hop cones and marigold flowers were tested as precursors of activated bio-carbons. Adsorbents were produced by means of the physical (also called thermal) activation method using CO<sub>2</sub> as the gasifying agent. All the activated bio-carbons were tested for the removal of NO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>S from the gas phase under dry and wet conditions. The effects of the type of precursor and the activation procedure on the porous structure development, the acid-base properties of the surface, as well as the sorption capacities of the materials produced were also checked. The final products were bio-carbons of medium developed surface area with a basic surface nature, characterized by their high effectiveness in removal of gas pollutants of acidic character, especially nitrogen dioxide (sorption capacities in the range from 12.5 to 102.6 mg/g). It was proved that the toxic gas removal efficiency depends considerably on the sorption conditions and the activation procedure. All materials showed greater effectiveness in gas removal when the process of adsorption was carried out in the presence of steam.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/12/3192activated bio-carbonsresidue of supercritical extractionpyrolysisphysical activationtoxic gasesadsorption |
| spellingShingle | Aleksandra Bazan-Wozniak Piotr Nowicki Robert Wolski Robert Pietrzak Activated Bio-Carbons Prepared from the Residue of Supercritical Extraction of Raw Plants and Their Application for Removal of Nitrogen Dioxide and Hydrogen Sulfide from the Gas Phase Materials activated bio-carbons residue of supercritical extraction pyrolysis physical activation toxic gases adsorption |
| title | Activated Bio-Carbons Prepared from the Residue of Supercritical Extraction of Raw Plants and Their Application for Removal of Nitrogen Dioxide and Hydrogen Sulfide from the Gas Phase |
| title_full | Activated Bio-Carbons Prepared from the Residue of Supercritical Extraction of Raw Plants and Their Application for Removal of Nitrogen Dioxide and Hydrogen Sulfide from the Gas Phase |
| title_fullStr | Activated Bio-Carbons Prepared from the Residue of Supercritical Extraction of Raw Plants and Their Application for Removal of Nitrogen Dioxide and Hydrogen Sulfide from the Gas Phase |
| title_full_unstemmed | Activated Bio-Carbons Prepared from the Residue of Supercritical Extraction of Raw Plants and Their Application for Removal of Nitrogen Dioxide and Hydrogen Sulfide from the Gas Phase |
| title_short | Activated Bio-Carbons Prepared from the Residue of Supercritical Extraction of Raw Plants and Their Application for Removal of Nitrogen Dioxide and Hydrogen Sulfide from the Gas Phase |
| title_sort | activated bio carbons prepared from the residue of supercritical extraction of raw plants and their application for removal of nitrogen dioxide and hydrogen sulfide from the gas phase |
| topic | activated bio-carbons residue of supercritical extraction pyrolysis physical activation toxic gases adsorption |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/12/3192 |
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