The rising swarms of jellyfish in Indian waters: the environmental drivers, ecological, and socio-economic impacts
A four-decade data of jellyfish aggregation from 1980 to 2020 were taken to discern whether there has been an actual rise in jellyfish swarm in Indian coastal and estuarine waters. Despite frequent jellyfish aggregations and beach strandings in Indian waters, jellyfish aggregations have been poorly...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IWA Publishing
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Journal of Water and Climate Change |
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| Online Access: | http://jwcc.iwaponline.com/content/13/10/3747 |
| _version_ | 1797991029621653504 |
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| author | Alfisa Siddique Jasmine Purushothaman Rakhesh Madhusoodhanan Chelladurai Raghunathan |
| author_facet | Alfisa Siddique Jasmine Purushothaman Rakhesh Madhusoodhanan Chelladurai Raghunathan |
| author_sort | Alfisa Siddique |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A four-decade data of jellyfish aggregation from 1980 to 2020 were taken to discern whether there has been an actual rise in jellyfish swarm in Indian coastal and estuarine waters. Despite frequent jellyfish aggregations and beach strandings in Indian waters, jellyfish aggregations have been poorly investigated and there is a dearth of information on the swarm-forming jellyfish, their preferred season, and the location of swarming. Therefore, our review aims to account for the frequency of swarming phenomenon annually and the appearance of new swarm-forming jellyfish species. The term ‘jellyfish’ refers to the medusae stage of phylum Cnidaria (Cubozoa, Hydrozoa, and Scyphozoa) only in this review. The present work postulates a geospatial spread and swarm-forming jellyfish species to increase in recent times. More than 23 coastal locations of India have witnessed jellyfish aggregations and beach stranding in the last four decades. Seasonal oceanographic conditions prevailing during the summer monsoon, fall, and early winter promoted jellyfish aggregations and swarming. Only two jellyfish species were known to form aggregates during 1981–1990, but the diversity of jellyfish species increased to nine by 2011–2020. The development of predictive models from remote sensing data can be useful to warn humans and coastal industries of the approaching swarm.
HIGHLIGHTS
Geospatial spread, frequency of jellyfish swarms, and the number of swarm-forming species increased in the coastal and estuarine waters of India.;
More than 23 locations along the coast of India have witnessed jellyfish aggregations, swarms, and beach stranding in the last four decades.;
Seasonal oceanographic conditions during the summer monsoon, fall, and early winter promote jellyfish aggregations.; |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T08:45:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fd4a26bc43694d4ab17580beeaf8bf36 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2040-2244 2408-9354 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T08:45:57Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | IWA Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Water and Climate Change |
| spelling | doaj.art-fd4a26bc43694d4ab17580beeaf8bf362022-12-22T04:33:58ZengIWA PublishingJournal of Water and Climate Change2040-22442408-93542022-10-0113103747375910.2166/wcc.2022.245245The rising swarms of jellyfish in Indian waters: the environmental drivers, ecological, and socio-economic impactsAlfisa Siddique0Jasmine Purushothaman1Rakhesh Madhusoodhanan2Chelladurai Raghunathan3 Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata 700053, India Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata 700053, India Ecosystem Based Management of Marine Resources, Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Salmiya 22017, Kuwait Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata 700053, India A four-decade data of jellyfish aggregation from 1980 to 2020 were taken to discern whether there has been an actual rise in jellyfish swarm in Indian coastal and estuarine waters. Despite frequent jellyfish aggregations and beach strandings in Indian waters, jellyfish aggregations have been poorly investigated and there is a dearth of information on the swarm-forming jellyfish, their preferred season, and the location of swarming. Therefore, our review aims to account for the frequency of swarming phenomenon annually and the appearance of new swarm-forming jellyfish species. The term ‘jellyfish’ refers to the medusae stage of phylum Cnidaria (Cubozoa, Hydrozoa, and Scyphozoa) only in this review. The present work postulates a geospatial spread and swarm-forming jellyfish species to increase in recent times. More than 23 coastal locations of India have witnessed jellyfish aggregations and beach stranding in the last four decades. Seasonal oceanographic conditions prevailing during the summer monsoon, fall, and early winter promoted jellyfish aggregations and swarming. Only two jellyfish species were known to form aggregates during 1981–1990, but the diversity of jellyfish species increased to nine by 2011–2020. The development of predictive models from remote sensing data can be useful to warn humans and coastal industries of the approaching swarm. HIGHLIGHTS Geospatial spread, frequency of jellyfish swarms, and the number of swarm-forming species increased in the coastal and estuarine waters of India.; More than 23 locations along the coast of India have witnessed jellyfish aggregations, swarms, and beach stranding in the last four decades.; Seasonal oceanographic conditions during the summer monsoon, fall, and early winter promote jellyfish aggregations.;http://jwcc.iwaponline.com/content/13/10/3747anthropogenic activitiesclimate changecnidariagelatinous zooplankton |
| spellingShingle | Alfisa Siddique Jasmine Purushothaman Rakhesh Madhusoodhanan Chelladurai Raghunathan The rising swarms of jellyfish in Indian waters: the environmental drivers, ecological, and socio-economic impacts Journal of Water and Climate Change anthropogenic activities climate change cnidaria gelatinous zooplankton |
| title | The rising swarms of jellyfish in Indian waters: the environmental drivers, ecological, and socio-economic impacts |
| title_full | The rising swarms of jellyfish in Indian waters: the environmental drivers, ecological, and socio-economic impacts |
| title_fullStr | The rising swarms of jellyfish in Indian waters: the environmental drivers, ecological, and socio-economic impacts |
| title_full_unstemmed | The rising swarms of jellyfish in Indian waters: the environmental drivers, ecological, and socio-economic impacts |
| title_short | The rising swarms of jellyfish in Indian waters: the environmental drivers, ecological, and socio-economic impacts |
| title_sort | rising swarms of jellyfish in indian waters the environmental drivers ecological and socio economic impacts |
| topic | anthropogenic activities climate change cnidaria gelatinous zooplankton |
| url | http://jwcc.iwaponline.com/content/13/10/3747 |
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