Equine osteoarthritis modifies fatty acid signatures in synovial fluid and its extracellular vesicles
Abstract Background Individual fatty acids (FAs) and their derivatives (lipid mediators) with pro-inflammatory or dual anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving properties have potential to influence the health of joint tissues. Osteoarthritis (OA) is an age-associated chronic joint disease that can be fe...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Arthritis Research & Therapy |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13075-023-02998-9 |
| _version_ | 1827983227386593280 |
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| author | Anne-Mari Mustonen Nina Lehmonen Tommi Paakkonen Marja Raekallio Reijo Käkelä Tytti Niemelä Anna Mykkänen Sanna P. Sihvo Petteri Nieminen |
| author_facet | Anne-Mari Mustonen Nina Lehmonen Tommi Paakkonen Marja Raekallio Reijo Käkelä Tytti Niemelä Anna Mykkänen Sanna P. Sihvo Petteri Nieminen |
| author_sort | Anne-Mari Mustonen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Individual fatty acids (FAs) and their derivatives (lipid mediators) with pro-inflammatory or dual anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving properties have potential to influence the health of joint tissues. Osteoarthritis (OA) is an age-associated chronic joint disease that can be featured with altered FA composition in the synovial fluid (SF) of human patients. The counts and cargo of extracellular vesicles (EVs), membrane-bound particles released by synovial joint cells and transporting bioactive lipids, can also be modified by OA. The detailed FA signatures of SF and its EVs have remained unexplored in the horse — a well-recognized veterinary model for OA research. Methods The aim of the present study was to compare the FA profiles in equine SF and its ultracentrifuged EV fraction between control, contralateral, and OA metacarpophalangeal joints (n = 8/group). The FA profiles of total lipids were determined by gas chromatography and the data compared with univariate and multivariate analyses. Results The data revealed distinct FA profiles in SF and its EV-enriched pellet that were modified by naturally occurring equine OA. Regarding SFs, linoleic acid (generalized linear model, p = 0.0006), myristic acid (p = 0.003), palmitoleic acid (p < 0.0005), and n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated FA ratio (p < 0.0005) were among the important variables that separated OA from control samples. In EV-enriched pellets, saturated FAs palmitic acid (p = 0.020), stearic acid (p = 0.002), and behenic acid (p = 0.003) indicated OA. The observed FA modifications are potentially detrimental and could contribute to inflammatory processes and cartilage degradation in OA. Conclusions Equine OA joints can be distinguished from normal joints based on their FA signatures in SF and its EV-enriched pellet. Clarifying the roles of SF and EV FA compositions in the pathogenesis of OA and their potential as joint disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets warrants future studies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T22:44:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fd63cb62e4c44c7ba4043da51c797e70 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1478-6362 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T22:44:22Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Arthritis Research & Therapy |
| spelling | doaj.art-fd63cb62e4c44c7ba4043da51c797e702023-03-22T11:58:48ZengBMCArthritis Research & Therapy1478-63622023-03-0125111110.1186/s13075-023-02998-9Equine osteoarthritis modifies fatty acid signatures in synovial fluid and its extracellular vesiclesAnne-Mari Mustonen0Nina Lehmonen1Tommi Paakkonen2Marja Raekallio3Reijo Käkelä4Tytti Niemelä5Anna Mykkänen6Sanna P. Sihvo7Petteri Nieminen8Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern FinlandDepartment of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of HelsinkiInstitute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern FinlandDepartment of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of HelsinkiMolecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of HelsinkiDepartment of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of HelsinkiDepartment of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of HelsinkiMolecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of HelsinkiInstitute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern FinlandAbstract Background Individual fatty acids (FAs) and their derivatives (lipid mediators) with pro-inflammatory or dual anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving properties have potential to influence the health of joint tissues. Osteoarthritis (OA) is an age-associated chronic joint disease that can be featured with altered FA composition in the synovial fluid (SF) of human patients. The counts and cargo of extracellular vesicles (EVs), membrane-bound particles released by synovial joint cells and transporting bioactive lipids, can also be modified by OA. The detailed FA signatures of SF and its EVs have remained unexplored in the horse — a well-recognized veterinary model for OA research. Methods The aim of the present study was to compare the FA profiles in equine SF and its ultracentrifuged EV fraction between control, contralateral, and OA metacarpophalangeal joints (n = 8/group). The FA profiles of total lipids were determined by gas chromatography and the data compared with univariate and multivariate analyses. Results The data revealed distinct FA profiles in SF and its EV-enriched pellet that were modified by naturally occurring equine OA. Regarding SFs, linoleic acid (generalized linear model, p = 0.0006), myristic acid (p = 0.003), palmitoleic acid (p < 0.0005), and n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated FA ratio (p < 0.0005) were among the important variables that separated OA from control samples. In EV-enriched pellets, saturated FAs palmitic acid (p = 0.020), stearic acid (p = 0.002), and behenic acid (p = 0.003) indicated OA. The observed FA modifications are potentially detrimental and could contribute to inflammatory processes and cartilage degradation in OA. Conclusions Equine OA joints can be distinguished from normal joints based on their FA signatures in SF and its EV-enriched pellet. Clarifying the roles of SF and EV FA compositions in the pathogenesis of OA and their potential as joint disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets warrants future studies.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13075-023-02998-9Extracellular vesicleFatty acidHorseJoint diseaseOsteoarthritisSynovial fluid |
| spellingShingle | Anne-Mari Mustonen Nina Lehmonen Tommi Paakkonen Marja Raekallio Reijo Käkelä Tytti Niemelä Anna Mykkänen Sanna P. Sihvo Petteri Nieminen Equine osteoarthritis modifies fatty acid signatures in synovial fluid and its extracellular vesicles Arthritis Research & Therapy Extracellular vesicle Fatty acid Horse Joint disease Osteoarthritis Synovial fluid |
| title | Equine osteoarthritis modifies fatty acid signatures in synovial fluid and its extracellular vesicles |
| title_full | Equine osteoarthritis modifies fatty acid signatures in synovial fluid and its extracellular vesicles |
| title_fullStr | Equine osteoarthritis modifies fatty acid signatures in synovial fluid and its extracellular vesicles |
| title_full_unstemmed | Equine osteoarthritis modifies fatty acid signatures in synovial fluid and its extracellular vesicles |
| title_short | Equine osteoarthritis modifies fatty acid signatures in synovial fluid and its extracellular vesicles |
| title_sort | equine osteoarthritis modifies fatty acid signatures in synovial fluid and its extracellular vesicles |
| topic | Extracellular vesicle Fatty acid Horse Joint disease Osteoarthritis Synovial fluid |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13075-023-02998-9 |
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