Central nervous system autoimmune diseases associated with COVID-19: Comprehensive review
The first appearance of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was reported from Wuhan in December 2019. While this virus displays several respiratory manifestations such as severe pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome, ther...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Iran University of Medical Sciences
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Neurology Letters |
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| Online Access: | https://www.neurologyletters.com/article_164013_b9269a514c01fdc6d71b88cce1a0cdb0.pdf |
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| author | Fardin Nabizadeh Kasra Pirahesh Fatemeh Sodeifian Seyedeh Melika Hashemi Mohammad Balabandian Nasim Rezaeimanesh Abdorreza Naser Moghadasi |
| author_facet | Fardin Nabizadeh Kasra Pirahesh Fatemeh Sodeifian Seyedeh Melika Hashemi Mohammad Balabandian Nasim Rezaeimanesh Abdorreza Naser Moghadasi |
| author_sort | Fardin Nabizadeh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The first appearance of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was reported from Wuhan in December 2019. While this virus displays several respiratory manifestations such as severe pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome, there are several reports of nervous system involvement in the affected patients. Currently, there is a growing number of cases with central nervous system (CNS) autoimmune diseases (ADs) including autoimmune encephalitis (AE), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), CNS vasculitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), and multiple sclerosis (MS) secondary to COVID-19 infection. Symptoms of these diseases vary from mainly drowsiness, delirium, and motor deficits in ADEM, MS, and AE and also visual impairment, and sensory problems in NMOSD and transverse myelitis patients. The severity of COVID-19 symptoms was also different from disease to disease. Based on the previous studies moderate corticosteroid therapy or other medication such as intravenous human immunoglobulins (IVIG), and plasma exchange (PLEX) is suggested for the treatment of CNS ADs in COVID patients. Also, patients with a previous history of ADs and other comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, and ischemic heart disease are at greater risk to develop severe complications of COVID compared to other patients. Current pieces of evidence demonstrated that CNS ADs can occur due to COVID-19 infection and the healthcare system should attention to CNS ADs as a complication of COVID-19. However, further investigations are strongly needed to confirm these findings. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T11:10:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fd67a644c7894f7eba86cb6dda3c24bf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2821-1723 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T11:10:01Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | Iran University of Medical Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Neurology Letters |
| spelling | doaj.art-fd67a644c7894f7eba86cb6dda3c24bf2023-11-12T09:10:19ZengIran University of Medical SciencesNeurology Letters2821-17232022-12-0112697710.52547/nl.1.2.69164013Central nervous system autoimmune diseases associated with COVID-19: Comprehensive reviewFardin Nabizadeh0Kasra Pirahesh1Fatemeh Sodeifian2Seyedeh Melika Hashemi3Mohammad Balabandian4Nasim Rezaeimanesh5Abdorreza Naser Moghadasi6School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranSchool of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranSchool of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesSchool of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, IranSchool of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDepartment of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDepartment of Neurology, School of Medicine, MS Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.The first appearance of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was reported from Wuhan in December 2019. While this virus displays several respiratory manifestations such as severe pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome, there are several reports of nervous system involvement in the affected patients. Currently, there is a growing number of cases with central nervous system (CNS) autoimmune diseases (ADs) including autoimmune encephalitis (AE), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), CNS vasculitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), and multiple sclerosis (MS) secondary to COVID-19 infection. Symptoms of these diseases vary from mainly drowsiness, delirium, and motor deficits in ADEM, MS, and AE and also visual impairment, and sensory problems in NMOSD and transverse myelitis patients. The severity of COVID-19 symptoms was also different from disease to disease. Based on the previous studies moderate corticosteroid therapy or other medication such as intravenous human immunoglobulins (IVIG), and plasma exchange (PLEX) is suggested for the treatment of CNS ADs in COVID patients. Also, patients with a previous history of ADs and other comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, and ischemic heart disease are at greater risk to develop severe complications of COVID compared to other patients. Current pieces of evidence demonstrated that CNS ADs can occur due to COVID-19 infection and the healthcare system should attention to CNS ADs as a complication of COVID-19. However, further investigations are strongly needed to confirm these findings.https://www.neurologyletters.com/article_164013_b9269a514c01fdc6d71b88cce1a0cdb0.pdfcentral nervous systemcovid-19autoimmune disease |
| spellingShingle | Fardin Nabizadeh Kasra Pirahesh Fatemeh Sodeifian Seyedeh Melika Hashemi Mohammad Balabandian Nasim Rezaeimanesh Abdorreza Naser Moghadasi Central nervous system autoimmune diseases associated with COVID-19: Comprehensive review Neurology Letters central nervous system covid-19 autoimmune disease |
| title | Central nervous system autoimmune diseases associated with COVID-19: Comprehensive review |
| title_full | Central nervous system autoimmune diseases associated with COVID-19: Comprehensive review |
| title_fullStr | Central nervous system autoimmune diseases associated with COVID-19: Comprehensive review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Central nervous system autoimmune diseases associated with COVID-19: Comprehensive review |
| title_short | Central nervous system autoimmune diseases associated with COVID-19: Comprehensive review |
| title_sort | central nervous system autoimmune diseases associated with covid 19 comprehensive review |
| topic | central nervous system covid-19 autoimmune disease |
| url | https://www.neurologyletters.com/article_164013_b9269a514c01fdc6d71b88cce1a0cdb0.pdf |
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