Skeptical Look at the Clinical Implication of Metabolic Syndrome in Childhood Obesity
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined by a cluster of several cardio-metabolic risk factors, specifically visceral obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and impaired glucose metabolism, which together increase risks of developing future cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D)....
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Children |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/10/4/735 |
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| author | Malgorzata Wasniewska Giorgia Pepe Tommaso Aversa Simonetta Bellone Luisa de Sanctis Procolo Di Bonito Maria Felicia Faienza Nicola Improda Maria Rosaria Licenziati Claudio Maffeis Alice Maguolo Giuseppina Patti Barbara Predieri Mariacarolina Salerno Stefano Stagi Maria Elisabeth Street Giuliana Valerio Domenico Corica Valeria Calcaterra |
| author_facet | Malgorzata Wasniewska Giorgia Pepe Tommaso Aversa Simonetta Bellone Luisa de Sanctis Procolo Di Bonito Maria Felicia Faienza Nicola Improda Maria Rosaria Licenziati Claudio Maffeis Alice Maguolo Giuseppina Patti Barbara Predieri Mariacarolina Salerno Stefano Stagi Maria Elisabeth Street Giuliana Valerio Domenico Corica Valeria Calcaterra |
| author_sort | Malgorzata Wasniewska |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined by a cluster of several cardio-metabolic risk factors, specifically visceral obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and impaired glucose metabolism, which together increase risks of developing future cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). This article is a narrative review of the literature and a summary of the main observations, conclusions, and perspectives raised in the literature and the study projects of the Working Group of Childhood Obesity (WGChO) of the Italian Society of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology (ISPED) on MetS in childhood obesity. Although there is an agreement on the distinctive features of MetS, no international diagnostic criteria in a pediatric population exist. Moreover, to date, the prevalence of MetS in childhood is not certain and thus the true value of diagnosis of MetS in youth as well as its clinical implications, is unclear. The aim of this narrative review is to summarize the pathogenesis and current role of MetS in children and adolescents with particular reference to applicability in clinical practice in childhood obesity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:08:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fd727c7cf92b4f868bcc1e4bb47a0f8e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:08:39Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Children |
| spelling | doaj.art-fd727c7cf92b4f868bcc1e4bb47a0f8e2023-11-17T18:46:57ZengMDPI AGChildren2227-90672023-04-0110473510.3390/children10040735Skeptical Look at the Clinical Implication of Metabolic Syndrome in Childhood ObesityMalgorzata Wasniewska0Giorgia Pepe1Tommaso Aversa2Simonetta Bellone3Luisa de Sanctis4Procolo Di Bonito5Maria Felicia Faienza6Nicola Improda7Maria Rosaria Licenziati8Claudio Maffeis9Alice Maguolo10Giuseppina Patti11Barbara Predieri12Mariacarolina Salerno13Stefano Stagi14Maria Elisabeth Street15Giuliana Valerio16Domenico Corica17Valeria Calcaterra18Division of Pediatrics, Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and Childhood, University of Messina, 98121 Messina, ItalyDivision of Pediatrics, Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and Childhood, University of Messina, 98121 Messina, ItalyDivision of Pediatrics, Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and Childhood, University of Messina, 98121 Messina, ItalyDivision of Pediatrics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, ItalyDepartment of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, ItalyDepartment of Internal Medicine, “Santa Maria delle Grazie” Hospital, 80078 Pozzuoli, ItalyDepartment of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, ItalyNeuro-Endocrine Diseases and Obesity Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Santobono-Pausilipon Children’s Hospital, 80122 Napoli, ItalyNeuro-Endocrine Diseases and Obesity Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Santobono-Pausilipon Children’s Hospital, 80122 Napoli, ItalyDepartment of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, Section of Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolism, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, 37126 Verona, ItalyDepartment of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, Section of Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolism, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, 37126 Verona, ItalyDepartment of Pediatrics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, University of Genova, 16128 Genova, ItalyDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences of the Mother, Children and Adults, Pediatric Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Largo del Pozzo, 71, 41124 Modena, ItalyPediatric Endocrinology Unit, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, ItalyHealth Sciences Department, University of Florence and Meyer Children’s Hospital IRCCS, 50139 Florence, ItalyUnit of Paediatrics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci, 14, 43126 Parma, ItalyDepartment of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Napoli “Parthenope”, 80133 Napoli, ItalyDivision of Pediatrics, Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and Childhood, University of Messina, 98121 Messina, ItalyDepartment of Pediatrics, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20157 Milano, ItalyMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined by a cluster of several cardio-metabolic risk factors, specifically visceral obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and impaired glucose metabolism, which together increase risks of developing future cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). This article is a narrative review of the literature and a summary of the main observations, conclusions, and perspectives raised in the literature and the study projects of the Working Group of Childhood Obesity (WGChO) of the Italian Society of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology (ISPED) on MetS in childhood obesity. Although there is an agreement on the distinctive features of MetS, no international diagnostic criteria in a pediatric population exist. Moreover, to date, the prevalence of MetS in childhood is not certain and thus the true value of diagnosis of MetS in youth as well as its clinical implications, is unclear. The aim of this narrative review is to summarize the pathogenesis and current role of MetS in children and adolescents with particular reference to applicability in clinical practice in childhood obesity.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/10/4/735metabolic syndromechildhood obesitychildhood overweightcardiovascular riskhypertensionhyperinsulinemia |
| spellingShingle | Malgorzata Wasniewska Giorgia Pepe Tommaso Aversa Simonetta Bellone Luisa de Sanctis Procolo Di Bonito Maria Felicia Faienza Nicola Improda Maria Rosaria Licenziati Claudio Maffeis Alice Maguolo Giuseppina Patti Barbara Predieri Mariacarolina Salerno Stefano Stagi Maria Elisabeth Street Giuliana Valerio Domenico Corica Valeria Calcaterra Skeptical Look at the Clinical Implication of Metabolic Syndrome in Childhood Obesity Children metabolic syndrome childhood obesity childhood overweight cardiovascular risk hypertension hyperinsulinemia |
| title | Skeptical Look at the Clinical Implication of Metabolic Syndrome in Childhood Obesity |
| title_full | Skeptical Look at the Clinical Implication of Metabolic Syndrome in Childhood Obesity |
| title_fullStr | Skeptical Look at the Clinical Implication of Metabolic Syndrome in Childhood Obesity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Skeptical Look at the Clinical Implication of Metabolic Syndrome in Childhood Obesity |
| title_short | Skeptical Look at the Clinical Implication of Metabolic Syndrome in Childhood Obesity |
| title_sort | skeptical look at the clinical implication of metabolic syndrome in childhood obesity |
| topic | metabolic syndrome childhood obesity childhood overweight cardiovascular risk hypertension hyperinsulinemia |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/10/4/735 |
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