Experimental outgassing of toxic chemicals to simulate the characteristics of hazards tainting globally shipped products.
Ambient monitoring analyses may identify potential new public health hazards such as residual levels of fumigants and industrial chemicals off gassing from products and goods shipped globally. We analyzed container air with gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (TD-2D-GC-MS/FPD) and assess...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2017-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5435304?pdf=render |
| _version_ | 1819146021869977600 |
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| author | Lygia Therese Budnik Nadine Austel Sabrina Gadau Stefan Kloth Jens Schubert Harald Jungnickel Andreas Luch |
| author_facet | Lygia Therese Budnik Nadine Austel Sabrina Gadau Stefan Kloth Jens Schubert Harald Jungnickel Andreas Luch |
| author_sort | Lygia Therese Budnik |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ambient monitoring analyses may identify potential new public health hazards such as residual levels of fumigants and industrial chemicals off gassing from products and goods shipped globally. We analyzed container air with gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (TD-2D-GC-MS/FPD) and assessed whether the concentration of the volatiles benzene and 1,2-dichloroethane exceeded recommended exposure limits (REL). Products were taken from transport containers and analyzed for outgassing of volatiles. Furthermore, experimental outgassing was performed on packaging materials and textiles, to simulate the hazards tainting from globally shipped goods. The mean amounts of benzene in analyzed container air were 698-fold higher, and those of ethylene dichloride were 4.5-fold higher than the corresponding REL. More than 90% of all containers struck with toluene residues higher than its REL. For 1,2-dichloroethane 53% of containers, transporting shoes exceeded the REL. In standardized experimental fumigation of various products, outgassing of 1,2-dichloroethane under controlled laboratory conditions took up to several months. Globally produced transported products tainted with toxic industrial chemicals may contribute to the mixture of volatiles in indoor air as they are likely to emit for a long period. These results need to be taken into account for further evaluation of safety standards applying to workers and consumers. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T13:07:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fd7d7b9ea83f4d0f93259d7a80a27929 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T13:07:18Z |
| publishDate | 2017-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-fd7d7b9ea83f4d0f93259d7a80a279292022-12-21T18:24:51ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032017-01-01125e017736310.1371/journal.pone.0177363Experimental outgassing of toxic chemicals to simulate the characteristics of hazards tainting globally shipped products.Lygia Therese BudnikNadine AustelSabrina GadauStefan KlothJens SchubertHarald JungnickelAndreas LuchAmbient monitoring analyses may identify potential new public health hazards such as residual levels of fumigants and industrial chemicals off gassing from products and goods shipped globally. We analyzed container air with gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (TD-2D-GC-MS/FPD) and assessed whether the concentration of the volatiles benzene and 1,2-dichloroethane exceeded recommended exposure limits (REL). Products were taken from transport containers and analyzed for outgassing of volatiles. Furthermore, experimental outgassing was performed on packaging materials and textiles, to simulate the hazards tainting from globally shipped goods. The mean amounts of benzene in analyzed container air were 698-fold higher, and those of ethylene dichloride were 4.5-fold higher than the corresponding REL. More than 90% of all containers struck with toluene residues higher than its REL. For 1,2-dichloroethane 53% of containers, transporting shoes exceeded the REL. In standardized experimental fumigation of various products, outgassing of 1,2-dichloroethane under controlled laboratory conditions took up to several months. Globally produced transported products tainted with toxic industrial chemicals may contribute to the mixture of volatiles in indoor air as they are likely to emit for a long period. These results need to be taken into account for further evaluation of safety standards applying to workers and consumers.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5435304?pdf=render |
| spellingShingle | Lygia Therese Budnik Nadine Austel Sabrina Gadau Stefan Kloth Jens Schubert Harald Jungnickel Andreas Luch Experimental outgassing of toxic chemicals to simulate the characteristics of hazards tainting globally shipped products. PLoS ONE |
| title | Experimental outgassing of toxic chemicals to simulate the characteristics of hazards tainting globally shipped products. |
| title_full | Experimental outgassing of toxic chemicals to simulate the characteristics of hazards tainting globally shipped products. |
| title_fullStr | Experimental outgassing of toxic chemicals to simulate the characteristics of hazards tainting globally shipped products. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Experimental outgassing of toxic chemicals to simulate the characteristics of hazards tainting globally shipped products. |
| title_short | Experimental outgassing of toxic chemicals to simulate the characteristics of hazards tainting globally shipped products. |
| title_sort | experimental outgassing of toxic chemicals to simulate the characteristics of hazards tainting globally shipped products |
| url | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5435304?pdf=render |
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