Psychiatric disorders in adolescents living with HIV in Botswana
Abstract Background As children living with HIV transition from adolescence into adulthood, they face a considerable burden of psychiatric disorders (PDs) which may vary between the perinatally and behaviorally infected. The knowledge of the pattern of these PDs in relation to the varying needs of t...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-01-01
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| Series: | AIDS Research and Therapy |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12981-022-00490-z |
| _version_ | 1797958530661089280 |
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| author | Anthony A. Olashore Saeeda Paruk Oluyemi O. Akanni Bonginkosi Chiliza |
| author_facet | Anthony A. Olashore Saeeda Paruk Oluyemi O. Akanni Bonginkosi Chiliza |
| author_sort | Anthony A. Olashore |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background As children living with HIV transition from adolescence into adulthood, they face a considerable burden of psychiatric disorders (PDs) which may vary between the perinatally and behaviorally infected. The knowledge of the pattern of these PDs in relation to the varying needs of the adolescents living with HIV (ALWHIV) is unclear but necessary for maximizing their linkage to care and improving their quality of life in Botswana. Aim To determine the pattern of PDs in ALWHIV in Botswana; to compare and explore the differences in the pattern and their associated factors between congenitally infected adolescents (CIAs) and behaviorally infected adolescents (BIAs). Methods A cross-sectional survey of 622 ALWHIV (399 CIA and 223 BIA) with the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview-Kid Screen. Results The participants' mean age (SD) was 17.71 (1.60) years, with more males (54%), of whom 52.9% had at least one PD, with depression (23.6%) and generalised anxiety disorder (18.0%) being the most prevalent. The externalising disorders were associated with being CIA (OR = 3.99; 95% CI:1.87–8.54), male gender (OR = 3.93; 95% CI:2.02–7.64), and a viral load of 400 and above copies (OR = 3.53; 95%CI:1.92–6.48). Internalising disorders were associated with being BIA (OR = 3.64; 95%; CI: 2.39–5.56), females (OR = 2.59; 95% CI:1.75–3.83), poor counselling (OR = 2.23; 95% CI: 1.42–3.51) and struggling to accept HIV status (OR = 1.73; 95% CI:1.14–2.62). Conclusions Depression and anxiety disorders were the most prevalent PDs in ALWHIV, who differed in psychiatric presentations, the BIAs being more likely to present with internalizing disorders, while the CIAs had more externalizing disorders. Due to the varying needs of ALWHIV, individualized management plans that consider gender, mode of infection, and other psycho-social needs, should be further studied and encouraged. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T00:20:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fda475e2e6424395b0abe61582ac8e86 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1742-6405 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T00:20:19Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | AIDS Research and Therapy |
| spelling | doaj.art-fda475e2e6424395b0abe61582ac8e862023-01-08T12:21:22ZengBMCAIDS Research and Therapy1742-64052023-01-0120111010.1186/s12981-022-00490-zPsychiatric disorders in adolescents living with HIV in BotswanaAnthony A. Olashore0Saeeda Paruk1Oluyemi O. Akanni2Bonginkosi Chiliza3Department of Psychiatry, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-NatalDepartment of Psychiatry, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-NatalDepartment of Clinical Services, Federal Neuro-Psychiatric HospitalDepartment of Psychiatry, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-NatalAbstract Background As children living with HIV transition from adolescence into adulthood, they face a considerable burden of psychiatric disorders (PDs) which may vary between the perinatally and behaviorally infected. The knowledge of the pattern of these PDs in relation to the varying needs of the adolescents living with HIV (ALWHIV) is unclear but necessary for maximizing their linkage to care and improving their quality of life in Botswana. Aim To determine the pattern of PDs in ALWHIV in Botswana; to compare and explore the differences in the pattern and their associated factors between congenitally infected adolescents (CIAs) and behaviorally infected adolescents (BIAs). Methods A cross-sectional survey of 622 ALWHIV (399 CIA and 223 BIA) with the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview-Kid Screen. Results The participants' mean age (SD) was 17.71 (1.60) years, with more males (54%), of whom 52.9% had at least one PD, with depression (23.6%) and generalised anxiety disorder (18.0%) being the most prevalent. The externalising disorders were associated with being CIA (OR = 3.99; 95% CI:1.87–8.54), male gender (OR = 3.93; 95% CI:2.02–7.64), and a viral load of 400 and above copies (OR = 3.53; 95%CI:1.92–6.48). Internalising disorders were associated with being BIA (OR = 3.64; 95%; CI: 2.39–5.56), females (OR = 2.59; 95% CI:1.75–3.83), poor counselling (OR = 2.23; 95% CI: 1.42–3.51) and struggling to accept HIV status (OR = 1.73; 95% CI:1.14–2.62). Conclusions Depression and anxiety disorders were the most prevalent PDs in ALWHIV, who differed in psychiatric presentations, the BIAs being more likely to present with internalizing disorders, while the CIAs had more externalizing disorders. Due to the varying needs of ALWHIV, individualized management plans that consider gender, mode of infection, and other psycho-social needs, should be further studied and encouraged.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12981-022-00490-zPsychiatric disordersCongenitally infected adolescentsBehaviourally infected HIV adolescentsBotswana |
| spellingShingle | Anthony A. Olashore Saeeda Paruk Oluyemi O. Akanni Bonginkosi Chiliza Psychiatric disorders in adolescents living with HIV in Botswana AIDS Research and Therapy Psychiatric disorders Congenitally infected adolescents Behaviourally infected HIV adolescents Botswana |
| title | Psychiatric disorders in adolescents living with HIV in Botswana |
| title_full | Psychiatric disorders in adolescents living with HIV in Botswana |
| title_fullStr | Psychiatric disorders in adolescents living with HIV in Botswana |
| title_full_unstemmed | Psychiatric disorders in adolescents living with HIV in Botswana |
| title_short | Psychiatric disorders in adolescents living with HIV in Botswana |
| title_sort | psychiatric disorders in adolescents living with hiv in botswana |
| topic | Psychiatric disorders Congenitally infected adolescents Behaviourally infected HIV adolescents Botswana |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12981-022-00490-z |
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