Red Harvester Ant (<i>Pogonomyrmex barbatus</i> F. Smith; Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Preference for Cover Crop Seeds in South Texas
Harvester ants often selectively forage seeds, causing these ants to be viewed as pests in agricultural areas where they may forage on crop seeds. While little research has been done on harvester ant preferences for cover crop seeds, grower observations in the Lower Rio Grande Valley (LRGV) suggest...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/5/1099 |
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| author | Lilly Victoria Elliott-Vidaurri Daniela Rivera Adrian Noval Robin A. Choudhury Hannah J. Penn |
| author_facet | Lilly Victoria Elliott-Vidaurri Daniela Rivera Adrian Noval Robin A. Choudhury Hannah J. Penn |
| author_sort | Lilly Victoria Elliott-Vidaurri |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Harvester ants often selectively forage seeds, causing these ants to be viewed as pests in agricultural areas where they may forage on crop seeds. While little research has been done on harvester ant preferences for cover crop seeds, grower observations in the Lower Rio Grande Valley (LRGV) suggest that ants may remove these seeds before germination. We examined red harvester ant (<i>Pogonomyrmex barbatus</i> F. Smith) preferences for cover crop seeds (fescue, oat, sunn hemp, radish, vetch, and wheatgrass) and the effects of a commonly used bacterial seed inoculant. We evaluated relative preferences using seed depots presented to colonies with no prior exposure to the selected seeds or inoculants. After 24 h, ants had removed oat and radish seeds at the same rate as the preferred wheatgrass control. Fescue, sunn hemp, and vetch seeds were less preferred. The bacterial inoculation of wheatgrass and radish seeds did not alter the removal rates. Further, ant removal of seeds in both trials was dependent on the month and temperature, indicating potential interactions of colony activity levels, availability of seeds in the seed bank, and the intensity of cover crop seed removal. Together, these data indicate that harvester ant foraging preferences and seasonal activity should be considered to help mitigate potential ant predation of cover crops via planting less preferred seeds and at times of lower ant foraging intensity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:30:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fda88bc0835a4350bcab439c84b1b058 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:30:55Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-fda88bc0835a4350bcab439c84b1b0582023-11-23T09:42:47ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952022-04-01125109910.3390/agronomy12051099Red Harvester Ant (<i>Pogonomyrmex barbatus</i> F. Smith; Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Preference for Cover Crop Seeds in South TexasLilly Victoria Elliott-Vidaurri0Daniela Rivera1Adrian Noval2Robin A. Choudhury3Hannah J. Penn4School of Earth, Environmental, and Marine Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1201 W. University Dr., Edinburg, TX 78539, USADepartment of Biology, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1201 W. University Dr., Edinburg, TX 78539, USADepartment of Biology, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1201 W. University Dr., Edinburg, TX 78539, USASchool of Earth, Environmental, and Marine Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1201 W. University Dr., Edinburg, TX 78539, USASugarcane Research Unit, USDA ARS, 5883 Usda Rd., Houma, LA 70360, USAHarvester ants often selectively forage seeds, causing these ants to be viewed as pests in agricultural areas where they may forage on crop seeds. While little research has been done on harvester ant preferences for cover crop seeds, grower observations in the Lower Rio Grande Valley (LRGV) suggest that ants may remove these seeds before germination. We examined red harvester ant (<i>Pogonomyrmex barbatus</i> F. Smith) preferences for cover crop seeds (fescue, oat, sunn hemp, radish, vetch, and wheatgrass) and the effects of a commonly used bacterial seed inoculant. We evaluated relative preferences using seed depots presented to colonies with no prior exposure to the selected seeds or inoculants. After 24 h, ants had removed oat and radish seeds at the same rate as the preferred wheatgrass control. Fescue, sunn hemp, and vetch seeds were less preferred. The bacterial inoculation of wheatgrass and radish seeds did not alter the removal rates. Further, ant removal of seeds in both trials was dependent on the month and temperature, indicating potential interactions of colony activity levels, availability of seeds in the seed bank, and the intensity of cover crop seed removal. Together, these data indicate that harvester ant foraging preferences and seasonal activity should be considered to help mitigate potential ant predation of cover crops via planting less preferred seeds and at times of lower ant foraging intensity.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/5/1099bacterial inoculumLower Rio Grande Valley<i>Pogonomyrmex barbatus</i>seed depot studyseed preference |
| spellingShingle | Lilly Victoria Elliott-Vidaurri Daniela Rivera Adrian Noval Robin A. Choudhury Hannah J. Penn Red Harvester Ant (<i>Pogonomyrmex barbatus</i> F. Smith; Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Preference for Cover Crop Seeds in South Texas Agronomy bacterial inoculum Lower Rio Grande Valley <i>Pogonomyrmex barbatus</i> seed depot study seed preference |
| title | Red Harvester Ant (<i>Pogonomyrmex barbatus</i> F. Smith; Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Preference for Cover Crop Seeds in South Texas |
| title_full | Red Harvester Ant (<i>Pogonomyrmex barbatus</i> F. Smith; Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Preference for Cover Crop Seeds in South Texas |
| title_fullStr | Red Harvester Ant (<i>Pogonomyrmex barbatus</i> F. Smith; Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Preference for Cover Crop Seeds in South Texas |
| title_full_unstemmed | Red Harvester Ant (<i>Pogonomyrmex barbatus</i> F. Smith; Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Preference for Cover Crop Seeds in South Texas |
| title_short | Red Harvester Ant (<i>Pogonomyrmex barbatus</i> F. Smith; Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Preference for Cover Crop Seeds in South Texas |
| title_sort | red harvester ant i pogonomyrmex barbatus i f smith hymenoptera formicidae preference for cover crop seeds in south texas |
| topic | bacterial inoculum Lower Rio Grande Valley <i>Pogonomyrmex barbatus</i> seed depot study seed preference |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/5/1099 |
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