Assessment of the Remineralizing Potential of Biomimetic Materials on Early Artificial Caries Lesions after 28 Days: An In Vitro Study
This study aimed to evaluate the loss of mineral content in the enamel surface in early artificial lesions and to assess the remineralizing potential of different agents by means of SEM coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The analysis was performed on the enamel of 36 molars divided...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-04-01
|
| Series: | Bioengineering |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/10/4/462 |
| _version_ | 1797606394911784960 |
|---|---|
| author | Vincenzo Tosco Flavia Vitiello Riccardo Monterubbianesi Maria Laura Gatto Giulia Orilisi Paolo Mengucci Angelo Putignano Giovanna Orsini |
| author_facet | Vincenzo Tosco Flavia Vitiello Riccardo Monterubbianesi Maria Laura Gatto Giulia Orilisi Paolo Mengucci Angelo Putignano Giovanna Orsini |
| author_sort | Vincenzo Tosco |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study aimed to evaluate the loss of mineral content in the enamel surface in early artificial lesions and to assess the remineralizing potential of different agents by means of SEM coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The analysis was performed on the enamel of 36 molars divided into six equal groups, in which the experimental ones (3–6) were treated using remineralizing agents for a 28-day pH cycling protocol as follows: Group 1, sound enamel; Group 2, artificially demineralized enamel; Group 3, CPP-ACP treatment; Group 4, Zn-hydroxyapatite treatment; Group 5, NaF 5% treatment; and Group 6, F-ACP treatment. Surface morphologies and alterations in Ca/P ratio were evaluated using SEM-EDX and data underwent statistical analysis (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Compared with the sound enamel of Group 1, the SEM images of Group 2 clearly showed loss of integrity, minerals, and interprismatic substances. Groups 3–6 showed a structural reorganization of enamel prisms, interestingly comprising almost the entire enamel surface. Group 2 revealed highly significant differences of Ca/P ratios compared with other groups, while Groups 3–6 showed no differences with Group 1. In conclusion, all tested materials demonstrated a biomimetic ability in remineralizing lesions after 28 days of treatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:14:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fdb690ce0307490a8d196bb21a2cad89 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2306-5354 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:14:35Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Bioengineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-fdb690ce0307490a8d196bb21a2cad892023-11-17T18:22:26ZengMDPI AGBioengineering2306-53542023-04-0110446210.3390/bioengineering10040462Assessment of the Remineralizing Potential of Biomimetic Materials on Early Artificial Caries Lesions after 28 Days: An In Vitro StudyVincenzo Tosco0Flavia Vitiello1Riccardo Monterubbianesi2Maria Laura Gatto3Giulia Orilisi4Paolo Mengucci5Angelo Putignano6Giovanna Orsini7Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology (DISCO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, ItalyDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology (DISCO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, ItalyDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology (DISCO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, ItalyDepartment of Industrial Engineering and Mathematical Sciences (DIISM), Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, ItalyDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology (DISCO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, ItalyDepartment of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning (SIMAU) & UdR INSTM, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, ItalyDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology (DISCO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, ItalyDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology (DISCO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, ItalyThis study aimed to evaluate the loss of mineral content in the enamel surface in early artificial lesions and to assess the remineralizing potential of different agents by means of SEM coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The analysis was performed on the enamel of 36 molars divided into six equal groups, in which the experimental ones (3–6) were treated using remineralizing agents for a 28-day pH cycling protocol as follows: Group 1, sound enamel; Group 2, artificially demineralized enamel; Group 3, CPP-ACP treatment; Group 4, Zn-hydroxyapatite treatment; Group 5, NaF 5% treatment; and Group 6, F-ACP treatment. Surface morphologies and alterations in Ca/P ratio were evaluated using SEM-EDX and data underwent statistical analysis (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Compared with the sound enamel of Group 1, the SEM images of Group 2 clearly showed loss of integrity, minerals, and interprismatic substances. Groups 3–6 showed a structural reorganization of enamel prisms, interestingly comprising almost the entire enamel surface. Group 2 revealed highly significant differences of Ca/P ratios compared with other groups, while Groups 3–6 showed no differences with Group 1. In conclusion, all tested materials demonstrated a biomimetic ability in remineralizing lesions after 28 days of treatment.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/10/4/462enamel remineralizationdemineralizationearly enamel lesionSEM-EDXCPP-ACPnano-hydroxyapatite |
| spellingShingle | Vincenzo Tosco Flavia Vitiello Riccardo Monterubbianesi Maria Laura Gatto Giulia Orilisi Paolo Mengucci Angelo Putignano Giovanna Orsini Assessment of the Remineralizing Potential of Biomimetic Materials on Early Artificial Caries Lesions after 28 Days: An In Vitro Study Bioengineering enamel remineralization demineralization early enamel lesion SEM-EDX CPP-ACP nano-hydroxyapatite |
| title | Assessment of the Remineralizing Potential of Biomimetic Materials on Early Artificial Caries Lesions after 28 Days: An In Vitro Study |
| title_full | Assessment of the Remineralizing Potential of Biomimetic Materials on Early Artificial Caries Lesions after 28 Days: An In Vitro Study |
| title_fullStr | Assessment of the Remineralizing Potential of Biomimetic Materials on Early Artificial Caries Lesions after 28 Days: An In Vitro Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of the Remineralizing Potential of Biomimetic Materials on Early Artificial Caries Lesions after 28 Days: An In Vitro Study |
| title_short | Assessment of the Remineralizing Potential of Biomimetic Materials on Early Artificial Caries Lesions after 28 Days: An In Vitro Study |
| title_sort | assessment of the remineralizing potential of biomimetic materials on early artificial caries lesions after 28 days an in vitro study |
| topic | enamel remineralization demineralization early enamel lesion SEM-EDX CPP-ACP nano-hydroxyapatite |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/10/4/462 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT vincenzotosco assessmentoftheremineralizingpotentialofbiomimeticmaterialsonearlyartificialcarieslesionsafter28daysaninvitrostudy AT flaviavitiello assessmentoftheremineralizingpotentialofbiomimeticmaterialsonearlyartificialcarieslesionsafter28daysaninvitrostudy AT riccardomonterubbianesi assessmentoftheremineralizingpotentialofbiomimeticmaterialsonearlyartificialcarieslesionsafter28daysaninvitrostudy AT marialauragatto assessmentoftheremineralizingpotentialofbiomimeticmaterialsonearlyartificialcarieslesionsafter28daysaninvitrostudy AT giuliaorilisi assessmentoftheremineralizingpotentialofbiomimeticmaterialsonearlyartificialcarieslesionsafter28daysaninvitrostudy AT paolomengucci assessmentoftheremineralizingpotentialofbiomimeticmaterialsonearlyartificialcarieslesionsafter28daysaninvitrostudy AT angeloputignano assessmentoftheremineralizingpotentialofbiomimeticmaterialsonearlyartificialcarieslesionsafter28daysaninvitrostudy AT giovannaorsini assessmentoftheremineralizingpotentialofbiomimeticmaterialsonearlyartificialcarieslesionsafter28daysaninvitrostudy |