Defining Energy-Dense, Nutrient-Poor Food and Drinks and Estimating the Amount of Discretionary Energy
Overconsumption of energy provided by energy-dense, nutrient-poor (EDNP) food and drinks increases the risk of unhealthy weight gain and of obesity-related health outcomes. The aim of this study was to develop a nutrient profiling model for classifying EDNP food and drinks and to estimate the amount...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/7/1477 |
| _version_ | 1797438155549310976 |
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| author | Anja Biltoft-Jensen Jeppe Matthiessen Karin Hess Ygil Tue Christensen |
| author_facet | Anja Biltoft-Jensen Jeppe Matthiessen Karin Hess Ygil Tue Christensen |
| author_sort | Anja Biltoft-Jensen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Overconsumption of energy provided by energy-dense, nutrient-poor (EDNP) food and drinks increases the risk of unhealthy weight gain and of obesity-related health outcomes. The aim of this study was to develop a nutrient profiling model for classifying EDNP food and drinks and to estimate the amount of discretionary energy for EDNP food and drinks in a recommended diet. A stepwise approach was used first to develop a nutrient profiling model for classifying EDNP food and drinks and then to estimate the amount of discretionary energy in a recommended diet using diet modeling. The nutrition profiling model comprised 24 macro- and micronutrients and energy density. The model classified 67% of 1482 foods and 73% of 161 drinks correctly as EDNP food and drinks compared with an expert-adjusted model. Sweets, chocolate, cake, cookies and biscuits, sweet and salty snacks, sugar-sweetened and artificially sweetened drinks, and alcoholic drinks were classified as EDNP food and drinks. The estimated amount of discretionary energy for EDNP food and drinks was 4–6% of the energy requirements for 4–75-year-old Danes. It seems prudent to have special attention on EDNP food and drinks in dietary guidelines and future public health initiatives to avoid overconsumption of energy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:33:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fdc7109f05b849d1995fb9a2207ae347 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:33:09Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-fdc7109f05b849d1995fb9a2207ae3472023-11-30T23:48:47ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432022-04-01147147710.3390/nu14071477Defining Energy-Dense, Nutrient-Poor Food and Drinks and Estimating the Amount of Discretionary EnergyAnja Biltoft-Jensen0Jeppe Matthiessen1Karin Hess Ygil2Tue Christensen3National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, DenmarkNational Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, DenmarkNational Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, DenmarkNational Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, DenmarkOverconsumption of energy provided by energy-dense, nutrient-poor (EDNP) food and drinks increases the risk of unhealthy weight gain and of obesity-related health outcomes. The aim of this study was to develop a nutrient profiling model for classifying EDNP food and drinks and to estimate the amount of discretionary energy for EDNP food and drinks in a recommended diet. A stepwise approach was used first to develop a nutrient profiling model for classifying EDNP food and drinks and then to estimate the amount of discretionary energy in a recommended diet using diet modeling. The nutrition profiling model comprised 24 macro- and micronutrients and energy density. The model classified 67% of 1482 foods and 73% of 161 drinks correctly as EDNP food and drinks compared with an expert-adjusted model. Sweets, chocolate, cake, cookies and biscuits, sweet and salty snacks, sugar-sweetened and artificially sweetened drinks, and alcoholic drinks were classified as EDNP food and drinks. The estimated amount of discretionary energy for EDNP food and drinks was 4–6% of the energy requirements for 4–75-year-old Danes. It seems prudent to have special attention on EDNP food and drinks in dietary guidelines and future public health initiatives to avoid overconsumption of energy.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/7/1477nutrient profilingdietary guidelinesdietary patternrecommended diet |
| spellingShingle | Anja Biltoft-Jensen Jeppe Matthiessen Karin Hess Ygil Tue Christensen Defining Energy-Dense, Nutrient-Poor Food and Drinks and Estimating the Amount of Discretionary Energy Nutrients nutrient profiling dietary guidelines dietary pattern recommended diet |
| title | Defining Energy-Dense, Nutrient-Poor Food and Drinks and Estimating the Amount of Discretionary Energy |
| title_full | Defining Energy-Dense, Nutrient-Poor Food and Drinks and Estimating the Amount of Discretionary Energy |
| title_fullStr | Defining Energy-Dense, Nutrient-Poor Food and Drinks and Estimating the Amount of Discretionary Energy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Defining Energy-Dense, Nutrient-Poor Food and Drinks and Estimating the Amount of Discretionary Energy |
| title_short | Defining Energy-Dense, Nutrient-Poor Food and Drinks and Estimating the Amount of Discretionary Energy |
| title_sort | defining energy dense nutrient poor food and drinks and estimating the amount of discretionary energy |
| topic | nutrient profiling dietary guidelines dietary pattern recommended diet |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/7/1477 |
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