Anti-Tumor Effects of Heat-Killed <i>L. reuteri</i> MG5346 and <i>L. casei</i> MG4584 against Human Colorectal Carcinoma through Caspase-9-Dependent Apoptosis in Xenograft Model
In this study, we examined the anti-tumor effects of heat-killed <i>Bifidobacterium</i> and <i>Lactobacillus</i> strains on human colorectal carcinoma RKO cells in in vitro and in vivo xenograft models. First, the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of 11 different strains were e...
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/3/533 |
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| author | Suk-Jin Kim Chang-Ho Kang Gun-Hee Kim Hyosun Cho |
| author_facet | Suk-Jin Kim Chang-Ho Kang Gun-Hee Kim Hyosun Cho |
| author_sort | Suk-Jin Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, we examined the anti-tumor effects of heat-killed <i>Bifidobacterium</i> and <i>Lactobacillus</i> strains on human colorectal carcinoma RKO cells in in vitro and in vivo xenograft models. First, the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of 11 different strains were examined using an MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Then, xenograft BALB/c nude mice were implanted with RKO cells and orally administered with single or mixed heat-killed bacterial strains to examine their inhibitory effects on tumor growth. Additionally, the levels of cleaved caspase-9, -3, and -7 and PARP in tumor tissues were analyzed using Western blotting or immunohistochemistry staining. The results showed that RKO cells were highly susceptible to heat-killed <i>B. bifidum</i> MG731 and <i>L. reuteri</i> MG5346 and that <i>L. casei</i> MG4584 induced apoptosis to a greater extent than other strains. The oral administration of individual MG731, MG5346, or MG4584 significantly delayed tumor growth, and mixtures of MG5346 and MG4584 or MG731, MG5346, and MG4584 synergistically inhibited the tumor growth in the xenograft model. The expression of cleaved caspase-3, -7, and -9 and PARP in the tumor tissues was increased in Western blotting, and the expression of cleaved caspase-3 and PARP in immunohistochemistry staining was also increased. Therefore, we suggest that the use of the combination of MG5346 and MG4584 as parabiotics could effectively inhibit the growth of colorectal cancer. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:17:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fdd4c29ad21642c7a9906ec342fba8a6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:17:04Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-fdd4c29ad21642c7a9906ec342fba8a62023-11-30T21:35:38ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072022-02-0110353310.3390/microorganisms10030533Anti-Tumor Effects of Heat-Killed <i>L. reuteri</i> MG5346 and <i>L. casei</i> MG4584 against Human Colorectal Carcinoma through Caspase-9-Dependent Apoptosis in Xenograft ModelSuk-Jin Kim0Chang-Ho Kang1Gun-Hee Kim2Hyosun Cho3Department of Bio-Health Convergence Major, Duksung Women’s University, Seoul 01369, KoreaMediogen Co., Ltd., Jecheon-si 27159, KoreaDepartment of Bio-Health Convergence Major, Duksung Women’s University, Seoul 01369, KoreaDepartment of Pharmacy, Duksung Women’s University, Seoul 01369, KoreaIn this study, we examined the anti-tumor effects of heat-killed <i>Bifidobacterium</i> and <i>Lactobacillus</i> strains on human colorectal carcinoma RKO cells in in vitro and in vivo xenograft models. First, the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of 11 different strains were examined using an MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Then, xenograft BALB/c nude mice were implanted with RKO cells and orally administered with single or mixed heat-killed bacterial strains to examine their inhibitory effects on tumor growth. Additionally, the levels of cleaved caspase-9, -3, and -7 and PARP in tumor tissues were analyzed using Western blotting or immunohistochemistry staining. The results showed that RKO cells were highly susceptible to heat-killed <i>B. bifidum</i> MG731 and <i>L. reuteri</i> MG5346 and that <i>L. casei</i> MG4584 induced apoptosis to a greater extent than other strains. The oral administration of individual MG731, MG5346, or MG4584 significantly delayed tumor growth, and mixtures of MG5346 and MG4584 or MG731, MG5346, and MG4584 synergistically inhibited the tumor growth in the xenograft model. The expression of cleaved caspase-3, -7, and -9 and PARP in the tumor tissues was increased in Western blotting, and the expression of cleaved caspase-3 and PARP in immunohistochemistry staining was also increased. Therefore, we suggest that the use of the combination of MG5346 and MG4584 as parabiotics could effectively inhibit the growth of colorectal cancer.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/3/533colorectal cancerparabioticsxenograftapoptosis |
| spellingShingle | Suk-Jin Kim Chang-Ho Kang Gun-Hee Kim Hyosun Cho Anti-Tumor Effects of Heat-Killed <i>L. reuteri</i> MG5346 and <i>L. casei</i> MG4584 against Human Colorectal Carcinoma through Caspase-9-Dependent Apoptosis in Xenograft Model Microorganisms colorectal cancer parabiotics xenograft apoptosis |
| title | Anti-Tumor Effects of Heat-Killed <i>L. reuteri</i> MG5346 and <i>L. casei</i> MG4584 against Human Colorectal Carcinoma through Caspase-9-Dependent Apoptosis in Xenograft Model |
| title_full | Anti-Tumor Effects of Heat-Killed <i>L. reuteri</i> MG5346 and <i>L. casei</i> MG4584 against Human Colorectal Carcinoma through Caspase-9-Dependent Apoptosis in Xenograft Model |
| title_fullStr | Anti-Tumor Effects of Heat-Killed <i>L. reuteri</i> MG5346 and <i>L. casei</i> MG4584 against Human Colorectal Carcinoma through Caspase-9-Dependent Apoptosis in Xenograft Model |
| title_full_unstemmed | Anti-Tumor Effects of Heat-Killed <i>L. reuteri</i> MG5346 and <i>L. casei</i> MG4584 against Human Colorectal Carcinoma through Caspase-9-Dependent Apoptosis in Xenograft Model |
| title_short | Anti-Tumor Effects of Heat-Killed <i>L. reuteri</i> MG5346 and <i>L. casei</i> MG4584 against Human Colorectal Carcinoma through Caspase-9-Dependent Apoptosis in Xenograft Model |
| title_sort | anti tumor effects of heat killed i l reuteri i mg5346 and i l casei i mg4584 against human colorectal carcinoma through caspase 9 dependent apoptosis in xenograft model |
| topic | colorectal cancer parabiotics xenograft apoptosis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/3/533 |
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