Ethical Leadership in LTC: From Caregivers’ Customer Orientation to Senior’s Satisfaction and Well-Being
Miriam Etges,1 Arnaldo Coelho2 1Project Department, International Iberoamerican University, Campeche, México; 2CeBER – Faculty of Economics, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, PortugalCorrespondence: Miriam Etges, Project Department, International Iberoamerican University, Rua Pastor Hildebrand, 81, Sa...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Dove Medical Press
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Healthcare Leadership |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.dovepress.com/ethical-leadership-in-ltc-from-caregivers-customer-orientation-to-seni-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-JHL |
| _version_ | 1797640516234379264 |
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| author | Etges M Coelho A |
| author_facet | Etges M Coelho A |
| author_sort | Etges M |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Miriam Etges,1 Arnaldo Coelho2 1Project Department, International Iberoamerican University, Campeche, México; 2CeBER – Faculty of Economics, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, PortugalCorrespondence: Miriam Etges, Project Department, International Iberoamerican University, Rua Pastor Hildebrand, 81, Santa Cruz do Sul/RS - CEP, 96.810-084, Brasil, Tel +55 51 984079747, Email metges@gmail.comBackground: In response to the growth of the world’s senior population, an investigation of ethical leadership on LTCs is needed, in particular in the impact it may have on customer orientation and on seniors’ well-being.Objective: We propose a model to identify the relationship between ethical leadership in LTCs and caregivers’ customer orientation, and its influence on satisfaction with the service, satisfaction with life, and the quality of the interaction between caregivers and seniors.Sampling: We present a matched sample of 277 caregivers and 277 elderly Brazilians, workers and seniors’ in LTCs in Brazil. The minimum sample size was 222, determined using G-Power software version 3.1.9.2, based on the desired statistical power parameters and the number of predictors. Two structured questionnaires were developed, one for caregivers and the other for the elderly. 69 LTCs were contacted and 29 participated in the survey (10 nonprofit, 34.48%). Data were treated statistically using SEM modelling.Results: We identified a positive influence of ethical leadership on caregivers’ attitudes, favoring their orientation towards the seniors’. A positive relationship between customer-oriented caregivers and customer satisfaction, life satisfaction, and the quality of the senior’s interaction. A customer-oriented caregiver exerts a mediating effect between ethical leadership and the seniors’ related outcomes, making ethical leadership beneficial to seniors and their family members.Conclusion: Ethical leadership favors successful management of LTCs, increasing customer orientation, and provides clues to establish a better causality and a chain of effects between leadership and senior-related outcomes. Therefore, LTCs may be the appropriate outlet for the role of ethics in leadership.Practical Implications: This study provides managers with an understanding of the effects of ethical leadership in the context of LTCs, for both caregivers and seniors. The powerful effects of ethical leadership can be a stimulus to increase the role of ethics in LTCs, improving the quality of care, the well-being of the seniors, and, therefore, the human and financial performance of these institutions.Keywords: ethical leadership, seniors, formal caregiver, patient, customer orientation |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T13:32:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fdf32bf1bb444f979ebb48febe1dc141 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1179-3201 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T13:32:03Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Healthcare Leadership |
| spelling | doaj.art-fdf32bf1bb444f979ebb48febe1dc1412023-11-02T17:13:57ZengDove Medical PressJournal of Healthcare Leadership1179-32012023-11-01Volume 1529731187841Ethical Leadership in LTC: From Caregivers’ Customer Orientation to Senior’s Satisfaction and Well-BeingEtges MCoelho AMiriam Etges,1 Arnaldo Coelho2 1Project Department, International Iberoamerican University, Campeche, México; 2CeBER – Faculty of Economics, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, PortugalCorrespondence: Miriam Etges, Project Department, International Iberoamerican University, Rua Pastor Hildebrand, 81, Santa Cruz do Sul/RS - CEP, 96.810-084, Brasil, Tel +55 51 984079747, Email metges@gmail.comBackground: In response to the growth of the world’s senior population, an investigation of ethical leadership on LTCs is needed, in particular in the impact it may have on customer orientation and on seniors’ well-being.Objective: We propose a model to identify the relationship between ethical leadership in LTCs and caregivers’ customer orientation, and its influence on satisfaction with the service, satisfaction with life, and the quality of the interaction between caregivers and seniors.Sampling: We present a matched sample of 277 caregivers and 277 elderly Brazilians, workers and seniors’ in LTCs in Brazil. The minimum sample size was 222, determined using G-Power software version 3.1.9.2, based on the desired statistical power parameters and the number of predictors. Two structured questionnaires were developed, one for caregivers and the other for the elderly. 69 LTCs were contacted and 29 participated in the survey (10 nonprofit, 34.48%). Data were treated statistically using SEM modelling.Results: We identified a positive influence of ethical leadership on caregivers’ attitudes, favoring their orientation towards the seniors’. A positive relationship between customer-oriented caregivers and customer satisfaction, life satisfaction, and the quality of the senior’s interaction. A customer-oriented caregiver exerts a mediating effect between ethical leadership and the seniors’ related outcomes, making ethical leadership beneficial to seniors and their family members.Conclusion: Ethical leadership favors successful management of LTCs, increasing customer orientation, and provides clues to establish a better causality and a chain of effects between leadership and senior-related outcomes. Therefore, LTCs may be the appropriate outlet for the role of ethics in leadership.Practical Implications: This study provides managers with an understanding of the effects of ethical leadership in the context of LTCs, for both caregivers and seniors. The powerful effects of ethical leadership can be a stimulus to increase the role of ethics in LTCs, improving the quality of care, the well-being of the seniors, and, therefore, the human and financial performance of these institutions.Keywords: ethical leadership, seniors, formal caregiver, patient, customer orientationhttps://www.dovepress.com/ethical-leadership-in-ltc-from-caregivers-customer-orientation-to-seni-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-JHLethical leadershipseniorsformal caregiverpatientcustomer orientation |
| spellingShingle | Etges M Coelho A Ethical Leadership in LTC: From Caregivers’ Customer Orientation to Senior’s Satisfaction and Well-Being Journal of Healthcare Leadership ethical leadership seniors formal caregiver patient customer orientation |
| title | Ethical Leadership in LTC: From Caregivers’ Customer Orientation to Senior’s Satisfaction and Well-Being |
| title_full | Ethical Leadership in LTC: From Caregivers’ Customer Orientation to Senior’s Satisfaction and Well-Being |
| title_fullStr | Ethical Leadership in LTC: From Caregivers’ Customer Orientation to Senior’s Satisfaction and Well-Being |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ethical Leadership in LTC: From Caregivers’ Customer Orientation to Senior’s Satisfaction and Well-Being |
| title_short | Ethical Leadership in LTC: From Caregivers’ Customer Orientation to Senior’s Satisfaction and Well-Being |
| title_sort | ethical leadership in ltc from caregivers rsquo customer orientation to senior rsquo s satisfaction and well being |
| topic | ethical leadership seniors formal caregiver patient customer orientation |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/ethical-leadership-in-ltc-from-caregivers-customer-orientation-to-seni-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-JHL |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT etgesm ethicalleadershipinltcfromcaregiversrsquocustomerorientationtoseniorrsquossatisfactionandwellbeing AT coelhoa ethicalleadershipinltcfromcaregiversrsquocustomerorientationtoseniorrsquossatisfactionandwellbeing |