Metal Marking Behavior and Testing of Porcelain Tableware
The term “metal marking” is widely used to define the common phenomenon of tableware glazes being damaged by metallic cutlery. Appearing as unaesthetic gray marks and scratches resulting from normal conditions of use, these defects deeply affect the performance of ceramic products, especially in int...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/7/2442 |
| _version_ | 1797438701107675136 |
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| author | Luc Hennetier Ana Moura Manuel Ribeiro |
| author_facet | Luc Hennetier Ana Moura Manuel Ribeiro |
| author_sort | Luc Hennetier |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The term “metal marking” is widely used to define the common phenomenon of tableware glazes being damaged by metallic cutlery. Appearing as unaesthetic gray marks and scratches resulting from normal conditions of use, these defects deeply affect the performance of ceramic products, especially in intensive environments, such as in the hospitality industry. The scope of this article is to establish a comprehensive review of the phenomenon, focusing on the physical and chemical mechanisms involved in the process, and their interactions and consequences. It also intends to list the different methods normally followed to avoid or at least reduce this defect, in order to enhance the durability of porcelain dishware. This manuscript also provides a review of the different testing methods developed and used by the tableware industry and technical centers to quantify the ability of porcelain tableware to produce metal marks. To face the current lack of any international or at least national standard testing procedure that would permit a reliable comparison of products, a new metal marking test developed at the Technological Center for Ceramic and Glass (CTCV) is presented as an alternative to common tests normally based on knives as a marking tool. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:42:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fdfd08ca7cdf4722bb2d8c908fc540bd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:42:01Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-fdfd08ca7cdf4722bb2d8c908fc540bd2023-11-30T23:32:12ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442022-03-01157244210.3390/ma15072442Metal Marking Behavior and Testing of Porcelain TablewareLuc Hennetier0Ana Moura1Manuel Ribeiro2Technological Center for Ceramic and Glass (CTCV), 3040-540 Coimbra, PortugalTechnological Center for Ceramic and Glass (CTCV), 3040-540 Coimbra, PortugalMaterials Research and Development Center (UIDM), Polytechnic Institute of Viana do Castelo (IPVC), Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun’Álvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, PortugalThe term “metal marking” is widely used to define the common phenomenon of tableware glazes being damaged by metallic cutlery. Appearing as unaesthetic gray marks and scratches resulting from normal conditions of use, these defects deeply affect the performance of ceramic products, especially in intensive environments, such as in the hospitality industry. The scope of this article is to establish a comprehensive review of the phenomenon, focusing on the physical and chemical mechanisms involved in the process, and their interactions and consequences. It also intends to list the different methods normally followed to avoid or at least reduce this defect, in order to enhance the durability of porcelain dishware. This manuscript also provides a review of the different testing methods developed and used by the tableware industry and technical centers to quantify the ability of porcelain tableware to produce metal marks. To face the current lack of any international or at least national standard testing procedure that would permit a reliable comparison of products, a new metal marking test developed at the Technological Center for Ceramic and Glass (CTCV) is presented as an alternative to common tests normally based on knives as a marking tool.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/7/2442metal markingscratch resistanceporcelain tablewareglazecutlerycrystalline particles |
| spellingShingle | Luc Hennetier Ana Moura Manuel Ribeiro Metal Marking Behavior and Testing of Porcelain Tableware Materials metal marking scratch resistance porcelain tableware glaze cutlery crystalline particles |
| title | Metal Marking Behavior and Testing of Porcelain Tableware |
| title_full | Metal Marking Behavior and Testing of Porcelain Tableware |
| title_fullStr | Metal Marking Behavior and Testing of Porcelain Tableware |
| title_full_unstemmed | Metal Marking Behavior and Testing of Porcelain Tableware |
| title_short | Metal Marking Behavior and Testing of Porcelain Tableware |
| title_sort | metal marking behavior and testing of porcelain tableware |
| topic | metal marking scratch resistance porcelain tableware glaze cutlery crystalline particles |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/7/2442 |
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