Wearable Electrochemical Sensors in Parkinson’s Disease
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder associated with widespread aggregation of α-synuclein and dopaminergic neuronal loss in the substantia nigra pars compacta. As a result, striatal dopaminergic denervation leads to functional changes in the cortico-basal-ganglia-thalamo-cortica...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/3/951 |
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| author | Francesco Asci Giorgio Vivacqua Alessandro Zampogna Valentina D’Onofrio Adolfo Mazzeo Antonio Suppa |
| author_facet | Francesco Asci Giorgio Vivacqua Alessandro Zampogna Valentina D’Onofrio Adolfo Mazzeo Antonio Suppa |
| author_sort | Francesco Asci |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder associated with widespread aggregation of α-synuclein and dopaminergic neuronal loss in the substantia nigra pars compacta. As a result, striatal dopaminergic denervation leads to functional changes in the cortico-basal-ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop, which in turn cause most of the parkinsonian signs and symptoms. Despite tremendous advances in the field in the last two decades, the overall management (i.e., diagnosis and follow-up) of patients with PD remains largely based on clinical procedures. Accordingly, a relevant advance in the field would require the development of innovative biomarkers for PD. Recently, the development of miniaturized electrochemical sensors has opened new opportunities in the clinical management of PD thanks to wearable devices able to detect specific biological molecules from various body fluids. We here first summarize the main wearable electrochemical technologies currently available and their possible use as medical devices. Then, we critically discuss the possible strengths and weaknesses of wearable electrochemical devices in the management of chronic diseases including PD. Finally, we speculate about possible future applications of wearable electrochemical sensors in PD, such as the attractive opportunity for personalized closed-loop therapeutic approaches. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:09:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fe07c807ed184f5e9cf7ed8ba31f2356 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:09:23Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-fe07c807ed184f5e9cf7ed8ba31f23562023-11-23T17:48:02ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202022-01-0122395110.3390/s22030951Wearable Electrochemical Sensors in Parkinson’s DiseaseFrancesco Asci0Giorgio Vivacqua1Alessandro Zampogna2Valentina D’Onofrio3Adolfo Mazzeo4Antonio Suppa5IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, IS, ItalyIntegrated Research Center (PRAAB), Campus Biomedico University of Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00125 Rome, RM, ItalyDepartment of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, RM, ItalyDepartment of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, RM, ItalyDepartment of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, RM, ItalyIRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, IS, ItalyParkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder associated with widespread aggregation of α-synuclein and dopaminergic neuronal loss in the substantia nigra pars compacta. As a result, striatal dopaminergic denervation leads to functional changes in the cortico-basal-ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop, which in turn cause most of the parkinsonian signs and symptoms. Despite tremendous advances in the field in the last two decades, the overall management (i.e., diagnosis and follow-up) of patients with PD remains largely based on clinical procedures. Accordingly, a relevant advance in the field would require the development of innovative biomarkers for PD. Recently, the development of miniaturized electrochemical sensors has opened new opportunities in the clinical management of PD thanks to wearable devices able to detect specific biological molecules from various body fluids. We here first summarize the main wearable electrochemical technologies currently available and their possible use as medical devices. Then, we critically discuss the possible strengths and weaknesses of wearable electrochemical devices in the management of chronic diseases including PD. Finally, we speculate about possible future applications of wearable electrochemical sensors in PD, such as the attractive opportunity for personalized closed-loop therapeutic approaches.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/3/951Parkinson’s diseaseL-Dopabiosensorswearable sensorselectrochemical monitoring |
| spellingShingle | Francesco Asci Giorgio Vivacqua Alessandro Zampogna Valentina D’Onofrio Adolfo Mazzeo Antonio Suppa Wearable Electrochemical Sensors in Parkinson’s Disease Sensors Parkinson’s disease L-Dopa biosensors wearable sensors electrochemical monitoring |
| title | Wearable Electrochemical Sensors in Parkinson’s Disease |
| title_full | Wearable Electrochemical Sensors in Parkinson’s Disease |
| title_fullStr | Wearable Electrochemical Sensors in Parkinson’s Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Wearable Electrochemical Sensors in Parkinson’s Disease |
| title_short | Wearable Electrochemical Sensors in Parkinson’s Disease |
| title_sort | wearable electrochemical sensors in parkinson s disease |
| topic | Parkinson’s disease L-Dopa biosensors wearable sensors electrochemical monitoring |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/3/951 |
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