Farnesol Inhibits PI3 Kinase Signaling and Inflammatory Gene Expression in Primary Human Renal Epithelial Cells
Chronic inflammation and elevated cytokine levels are closely associated with the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD), which is responsible for the manifestation of numerous complications and mortality. In addition to conventional CKD therapies, the possibility of using natural compounds wit...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Biomedicines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/12/3322 |
| _version_ | 1797381939313770496 |
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| author | Aline Müller Maria Lozoya Xiaoying Chen Volkmar Weissig Mahtab Nourbakhsh |
| author_facet | Aline Müller Maria Lozoya Xiaoying Chen Volkmar Weissig Mahtab Nourbakhsh |
| author_sort | Aline Müller |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Chronic inflammation and elevated cytokine levels are closely associated with the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD), which is responsible for the manifestation of numerous complications and mortality. In addition to conventional CKD therapies, the possibility of using natural compounds with anti-inflammatory potential has attracted widespread attention in scientific research. This study aimed to study the potential anti-inflammatory effects of a natural oil compound, farnesol, in primary human renal proximal tubule epithelial cell (RPTEC) culture. Farnesol was encapsulated in lipid-based small unilamellar vesicles (SUVs) to overcome its insolubility in cell culture medium. The cell attachment of empty vesicles (SUVs) and farnesol-loaded vesicles (farnesol-SUVs) was examined using BODIPY, a fluorescent dye with hydrophobic properties. Next, we used multiple protein, RNA, and protein phosphorylation arrays to investigate the impact of farnesol on inflammatory signaling in RPTECs. The results indicated that farnesol inhibits TNF-α/IL-1β-induced phosphorylation of the PI3 kinase p85 subunit and subsequent transcriptional activation of the inflammatory genes TNFRSF9, CD27, TNFRSF8, DR6, FAS, IL-7, and CCL2. Therefore, farnesol may be a promising natural compound for treating CKD. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:58:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fe09ea8a366e435da9d484cbe883e61a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:58:17Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj.art-fe09ea8a366e435da9d484cbe883e61a2023-12-22T13:55:19ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592023-12-011112332210.3390/biomedicines11123322Farnesol Inhibits PI3 Kinase Signaling and Inflammatory Gene Expression in Primary Human Renal Epithelial CellsAline Müller0Maria Lozoya1Xiaoying Chen2Volkmar Weissig3Mahtab Nourbakhsh4Department of Geriatric Medicine, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, GermanyCollege of Pharmacy, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ 85308, USADepartment of Geriatric Medicine, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, GermanyCollege of Pharmacy, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ 85308, USADepartment of Geriatric Medicine, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, GermanyChronic inflammation and elevated cytokine levels are closely associated with the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD), which is responsible for the manifestation of numerous complications and mortality. In addition to conventional CKD therapies, the possibility of using natural compounds with anti-inflammatory potential has attracted widespread attention in scientific research. This study aimed to study the potential anti-inflammatory effects of a natural oil compound, farnesol, in primary human renal proximal tubule epithelial cell (RPTEC) culture. Farnesol was encapsulated in lipid-based small unilamellar vesicles (SUVs) to overcome its insolubility in cell culture medium. The cell attachment of empty vesicles (SUVs) and farnesol-loaded vesicles (farnesol-SUVs) was examined using BODIPY, a fluorescent dye with hydrophobic properties. Next, we used multiple protein, RNA, and protein phosphorylation arrays to investigate the impact of farnesol on inflammatory signaling in RPTECs. The results indicated that farnesol inhibits TNF-α/IL-1β-induced phosphorylation of the PI3 kinase p85 subunit and subsequent transcriptional activation of the inflammatory genes TNFRSF9, CD27, TNFRSF8, DR6, FAS, IL-7, and CCL2. Therefore, farnesol may be a promising natural compound for treating CKD.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/12/3322humanrenal proximal tubule epithelial cellsTNF-αIL-1βnanoliposomesfarnesol |
| spellingShingle | Aline Müller Maria Lozoya Xiaoying Chen Volkmar Weissig Mahtab Nourbakhsh Farnesol Inhibits PI3 Kinase Signaling and Inflammatory Gene Expression in Primary Human Renal Epithelial Cells Biomedicines human renal proximal tubule epithelial cells TNF-α IL-1β nanoliposomes farnesol |
| title | Farnesol Inhibits PI3 Kinase Signaling and Inflammatory Gene Expression in Primary Human Renal Epithelial Cells |
| title_full | Farnesol Inhibits PI3 Kinase Signaling and Inflammatory Gene Expression in Primary Human Renal Epithelial Cells |
| title_fullStr | Farnesol Inhibits PI3 Kinase Signaling and Inflammatory Gene Expression in Primary Human Renal Epithelial Cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Farnesol Inhibits PI3 Kinase Signaling and Inflammatory Gene Expression in Primary Human Renal Epithelial Cells |
| title_short | Farnesol Inhibits PI3 Kinase Signaling and Inflammatory Gene Expression in Primary Human Renal Epithelial Cells |
| title_sort | farnesol inhibits pi3 kinase signaling and inflammatory gene expression in primary human renal epithelial cells |
| topic | human renal proximal tubule epithelial cells TNF-α IL-1β nanoliposomes farnesol |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/12/3322 |
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