Phthalocyanine and Its Formulations: A Promising Photosensitizer for Cervical Cancer Phototherapy
Cervical cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide. Despite advances in current therapies, women with advanced or recurrent disease present poor prognosis. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as an effective therapeutic alternative to treat oncological di...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-12-01
|
| Series: | Pharmaceutics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/13/12/2057 |
| _version_ | 1797501546496262144 |
|---|---|
| author | Lucimara R. Carobeli Lyvia E. de F. Meirelles Gabrielle M. Z. F. Damke Edilson Damke Maria V. F. de Souza Natália L. Mari Kayane H. Mashiba Cristiane S. Shinobu-Mesquita Raquel P. Souza Vânia R. S. da Silva Renato S. Gonçalves Wilker Caetano Márcia E. L. Consolaro |
| author_facet | Lucimara R. Carobeli Lyvia E. de F. Meirelles Gabrielle M. Z. F. Damke Edilson Damke Maria V. F. de Souza Natália L. Mari Kayane H. Mashiba Cristiane S. Shinobu-Mesquita Raquel P. Souza Vânia R. S. da Silva Renato S. Gonçalves Wilker Caetano Márcia E. L. Consolaro |
| author_sort | Lucimara R. Carobeli |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cervical cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide. Despite advances in current therapies, women with advanced or recurrent disease present poor prognosis. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as an effective therapeutic alternative to treat oncological diseases such as cervical cancer. Phthalocyanines (Pcs) are considered good photosensitizers (PS) for PDT, although most of them present high levels of aggregation and are lipophilic. Despite many investigations and encouraging results, Pcs have not been approved as PS for PDT of invasive cervical cancer yet. This review presents an overview on the pathophysiology of cervical cancer and summarizes the most recent developments on the physicochemical properties of Pcs and biological results obtained both in vitro in tumor-bearing mice and in clinical tests reported in the last five years. Current evidence indicates that Pcs have potential as pharmaceutical agents for anti-cervical cancer therapy. The authors firmly believe that Pc-based formulations could emerge as a privileged scaffold for the establishment of lead compounds for PDT against different types of cervical cancer. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:19:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fe28c98e709e4a1799aa78a991642ffe |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4923 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:19:59Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmaceutics |
| spelling | doaj.art-fe28c98e709e4a1799aa78a991642ffe2023-11-23T10:05:19ZengMDPI AGPharmaceutics1999-49232021-12-011312205710.3390/pharmaceutics13122057Phthalocyanine and Its Formulations: A Promising Photosensitizer for Cervical Cancer PhototherapyLucimara R. Carobeli0Lyvia E. de F. Meirelles1Gabrielle M. Z. F. Damke2Edilson Damke3Maria V. F. de Souza4Natália L. Mari5Kayane H. Mashiba6Cristiane S. Shinobu-Mesquita7Raquel P. Souza8Vânia R. S. da Silva9Renato S. Gonçalves10Wilker Caetano11Márcia E. L. Consolaro12Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, PR, BrazilDepartment of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, PR, BrazilDepartment of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, PR, BrazilDepartment of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, PR, BrazilDepartment of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, PR, BrazilDepartment of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, PR, BrazilDepartment of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, PR, BrazilDepartment of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, PR, BrazilDepartment of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, PR, BrazilDepartment of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, PR, BrazilDepartment of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, PR, BrazilDepartment of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, PR, BrazilDepartment of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, PR, BrazilCervical cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide. Despite advances in current therapies, women with advanced or recurrent disease present poor prognosis. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as an effective therapeutic alternative to treat oncological diseases such as cervical cancer. Phthalocyanines (Pcs) are considered good photosensitizers (PS) for PDT, although most of them present high levels of aggregation and are lipophilic. Despite many investigations and encouraging results, Pcs have not been approved as PS for PDT of invasive cervical cancer yet. This review presents an overview on the pathophysiology of cervical cancer and summarizes the most recent developments on the physicochemical properties of Pcs and biological results obtained both in vitro in tumor-bearing mice and in clinical tests reported in the last five years. Current evidence indicates that Pcs have potential as pharmaceutical agents for anti-cervical cancer therapy. The authors firmly believe that Pc-based formulations could emerge as a privileged scaffold for the establishment of lead compounds for PDT against different types of cervical cancer.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/13/12/2057phthalocyanineuterine cervical neoplasmsphotochemotherapyin vitroin vivo |
| spellingShingle | Lucimara R. Carobeli Lyvia E. de F. Meirelles Gabrielle M. Z. F. Damke Edilson Damke Maria V. F. de Souza Natália L. Mari Kayane H. Mashiba Cristiane S. Shinobu-Mesquita Raquel P. Souza Vânia R. S. da Silva Renato S. Gonçalves Wilker Caetano Márcia E. L. Consolaro Phthalocyanine and Its Formulations: A Promising Photosensitizer for Cervical Cancer Phototherapy Pharmaceutics phthalocyanine uterine cervical neoplasms photochemotherapy in vitro in vivo |
| title | Phthalocyanine and Its Formulations: A Promising Photosensitizer for Cervical Cancer Phototherapy |
| title_full | Phthalocyanine and Its Formulations: A Promising Photosensitizer for Cervical Cancer Phototherapy |
| title_fullStr | Phthalocyanine and Its Formulations: A Promising Photosensitizer for Cervical Cancer Phototherapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phthalocyanine and Its Formulations: A Promising Photosensitizer for Cervical Cancer Phototherapy |
| title_short | Phthalocyanine and Its Formulations: A Promising Photosensitizer for Cervical Cancer Phototherapy |
| title_sort | phthalocyanine and its formulations a promising photosensitizer for cervical cancer phototherapy |
| topic | phthalocyanine uterine cervical neoplasms photochemotherapy in vitro in vivo |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/13/12/2057 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lucimararcarobeli phthalocyanineanditsformulationsapromisingphotosensitizerforcervicalcancerphototherapy AT lyviaedefmeirelles phthalocyanineanditsformulationsapromisingphotosensitizerforcervicalcancerphototherapy AT gabriellemzfdamke phthalocyanineanditsformulationsapromisingphotosensitizerforcervicalcancerphototherapy AT edilsondamke phthalocyanineanditsformulationsapromisingphotosensitizerforcervicalcancerphototherapy AT mariavfdesouza phthalocyanineanditsformulationsapromisingphotosensitizerforcervicalcancerphototherapy AT natalialmari phthalocyanineanditsformulationsapromisingphotosensitizerforcervicalcancerphototherapy AT kayanehmashiba phthalocyanineanditsformulationsapromisingphotosensitizerforcervicalcancerphototherapy AT cristianesshinobumesquita phthalocyanineanditsformulationsapromisingphotosensitizerforcervicalcancerphototherapy AT raquelpsouza phthalocyanineanditsformulationsapromisingphotosensitizerforcervicalcancerphototherapy AT vaniarsdasilva phthalocyanineanditsformulationsapromisingphotosensitizerforcervicalcancerphototherapy AT renatosgoncalves phthalocyanineanditsformulationsapromisingphotosensitizerforcervicalcancerphototherapy AT wilkercaetano phthalocyanineanditsformulationsapromisingphotosensitizerforcervicalcancerphototherapy AT marciaelconsolaro phthalocyanineanditsformulationsapromisingphotosensitizerforcervicalcancerphototherapy |