Full Factorial Design for Gold Recovery from Industrial Solutions
Gold is one of the precious metals with multiple uses, whose deposits are much smaller than the global production needs. Therefore, extracting maximum gold quantities from industrial diluted solutions is a must. Am-L-GA is a new material, obtained by an Amberlite XAD7-type commercial resin, function...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-05-01
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| Series: | Toxics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/9/5/111 |
| _version_ | 1797533453279821824 |
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| author | Maria Mihăilescu Adina Negrea Mihaela Ciopec Petru Negrea Narcis Duțeanu Ion Grozav Paula Svera Cosmin Vancea Alina Bărbulescu Cristian Ștefan Dumitriu |
| author_facet | Maria Mihăilescu Adina Negrea Mihaela Ciopec Petru Negrea Narcis Duțeanu Ion Grozav Paula Svera Cosmin Vancea Alina Bărbulescu Cristian Ștefan Dumitriu |
| author_sort | Maria Mihăilescu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Gold is one of the precious metals with multiple uses, whose deposits are much smaller than the global production needs. Therefore, extracting maximum gold quantities from industrial diluted solutions is a must. Am-L-GA is a new material, obtained by an Amberlite XAD7-type commercial resin, functionalized through saturation with L-glutamic acid, whose adsorption capacity has been proved to be higher than those of other materials utilized for gold adsorption. In this context, this article presents the results of a factorial design experiment for optimizing the gold recovery from residual solutions resulting from the electronics industry using Am-L-GA. Firstly, the material was characterized using atomic force microscopy (AFM), to emphasize the material’s characteristics, essential for the adsorption quality. Then, the study showed that among the parameters taken into account in the analysis (pH, temperature, initial gold concentration, and contact time), the initial gold concentration in the solution plays a determinant role in the removal process and the contact time has a slightly positive effect, whereas the pH and temperature do not influence the adsorption capacity. The maximum adsorption capacity of 29.27 mg/L was obtained by optimizing the adsorption process, with the control factors having the following values: contact time ~106 min, initial Au(III) concentration of ~164 mg/L, pH = 4, and temperature of 25 °C. It is highlighted that the factorial design method is an excellent instrument to determine the effects of different factors influencing the adsorption process. The method can be applied for any adsorption process if it is necessary to reduce the number of experiments, to diminish the resources or time consumption, or for expanding the investigation domain above the experimental limits. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:14:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fe30233d61e74e29875886c5922cfb5e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2305-6304 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:14:44Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxics |
| spelling | doaj.art-fe30233d61e74e29875886c5922cfb5e2023-11-21T20:32:03ZengMDPI AGToxics2305-63042021-05-019511110.3390/toxics9050111Full Factorial Design for Gold Recovery from Industrial SolutionsMaria Mihăilescu0Adina Negrea1Mihaela Ciopec2Petru Negrea3Narcis Duțeanu4Ion Grozav5Paula Svera6Cosmin Vancea7Alina Bărbulescu8Cristian Ștefan Dumitriu9Research Institute for Renewable Energies, Politehnica University Timişoara, 2, P-ța Victoriei, 300006 Timişoara, RomaniaFaculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Enginering, Politehnica University Timişoara, 2, P-ța Victoriei, 300006 Timişoara, RomaniaFaculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Enginering, Politehnica University Timişoara, 2, P-ța Victoriei, 300006 Timişoara, RomaniaFaculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Enginering, Politehnica University Timişoara, 2, P-ța Victoriei, 300006 Timişoara, RomaniaFaculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Enginering, Politehnica University Timişoara, 2, P-ța Victoriei, 300006 Timişoara, RomaniaFaculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Enginering, Politehnica University Timişoara, 2, P-ța Victoriei, 300006 Timişoara, RomaniaNational Institute for Research-Development for Electrochemistry and Condensate Matter, 114, Dr. A. Păunescu Podeanu Str., 300224 Timişoara, RomaniaFaculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Enginering, Politehnica University Timişoara, 2, P-ța Victoriei, 300006 Timişoara, RomaniaDepartment of Civil Engineering, Transilvania University of Brașov, 5 Turnului Str., 900152 Brașov, RomaniaSC Utilnavorep SA, Constanța, 55, Aurel Vlaicu Bd, 90055 Constanța, RomaniaGold is one of the precious metals with multiple uses, whose deposits are much smaller than the global production needs. Therefore, extracting maximum gold quantities from industrial diluted solutions is a must. Am-L-GA is a new material, obtained by an Amberlite XAD7-type commercial resin, functionalized through saturation with L-glutamic acid, whose adsorption capacity has been proved to be higher than those of other materials utilized for gold adsorption. In this context, this article presents the results of a factorial design experiment for optimizing the gold recovery from residual solutions resulting from the electronics industry using Am-L-GA. Firstly, the material was characterized using atomic force microscopy (AFM), to emphasize the material’s characteristics, essential for the adsorption quality. Then, the study showed that among the parameters taken into account in the analysis (pH, temperature, initial gold concentration, and contact time), the initial gold concentration in the solution plays a determinant role in the removal process and the contact time has a slightly positive effect, whereas the pH and temperature do not influence the adsorption capacity. The maximum adsorption capacity of 29.27 mg/L was obtained by optimizing the adsorption process, with the control factors having the following values: contact time ~106 min, initial Au(III) concentration of ~164 mg/L, pH = 4, and temperature of 25 °C. It is highlighted that the factorial design method is an excellent instrument to determine the effects of different factors influencing the adsorption process. The method can be applied for any adsorption process if it is necessary to reduce the number of experiments, to diminish the resources or time consumption, or for expanding the investigation domain above the experimental limits.https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/9/5/111Amberlite XAD7Am-L-GAL-glutamic acidfactorial design |
| spellingShingle | Maria Mihăilescu Adina Negrea Mihaela Ciopec Petru Negrea Narcis Duțeanu Ion Grozav Paula Svera Cosmin Vancea Alina Bărbulescu Cristian Ștefan Dumitriu Full Factorial Design for Gold Recovery from Industrial Solutions Toxics Amberlite XAD7 Am-L-GA L-glutamic acid factorial design |
| title | Full Factorial Design for Gold Recovery from Industrial Solutions |
| title_full | Full Factorial Design for Gold Recovery from Industrial Solutions |
| title_fullStr | Full Factorial Design for Gold Recovery from Industrial Solutions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Full Factorial Design for Gold Recovery from Industrial Solutions |
| title_short | Full Factorial Design for Gold Recovery from Industrial Solutions |
| title_sort | full factorial design for gold recovery from industrial solutions |
| topic | Amberlite XAD7 Am-L-GA L-glutamic acid factorial design |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/9/5/111 |
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