Direct Action of Non-Digestible Oligosaccharides against a Leaky Gut
The epithelial monolayer is the primary determinant of mucosal barrier function, and tight junction (TJ) complexes seal the paracellular space between the adjacent epithelial cells and represent the main “gate-keepers” of the paracellular route. Impaired TJ functionality results in increased permeat...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/21/4699 |
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| author | Maria Eleni Mavrogeni Mostafa Asadpoor Paul A. J. Henricks Ali Keshavarzian Gert Folkerts Saskia Braber |
| author_facet | Maria Eleni Mavrogeni Mostafa Asadpoor Paul A. J. Henricks Ali Keshavarzian Gert Folkerts Saskia Braber |
| author_sort | Maria Eleni Mavrogeni |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The epithelial monolayer is the primary determinant of mucosal barrier function, and tight junction (TJ) complexes seal the paracellular space between the adjacent epithelial cells and represent the main “gate-keepers” of the paracellular route. Impaired TJ functionality results in increased permeation of the “pro-inflammatory” luminal contents to the circulation that induces local and systemic inflammatory and immune responses, ultimately triggering and/or perpetuating (chronic) systemic inflammatory disorders. Increased gut leakiness is associated with intestinal and systemic disease states such as inflammatory bowel disease and neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease. Modulation of TJ dynamics is an appealing strategy aiming at inflammatory conditions associated with compromised intestinal epithelial function. Recently there has been a growing interest in nutraceuticals, particularly in non-digestible oligosaccharides (NDOs). NDOs confer innumerable health benefits via microbiome-shaping and gut microbiota-related immune responses, including enhancement of epithelial barrier integrity. Emerging evidence supports that NDOs also exert health-beneficial effects on microbiota independently via direct interactions with intestinal epithelial and immune cells. Among these valuable features, NDOs promote barrier function by directly regulating TJs via AMPK-, PKC-, MAPK-, and TLR-associated pathways. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the epithelial barrier-protective effects of different NDOs with a special focus on their microbiota-independent modulation of TJs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:46:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fe333326dee3431389ed80ec17190944 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:46:36Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-fe333326dee3431389ed80ec171909442023-11-24T06:15:51ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432022-11-011421469910.3390/nu14214699Direct Action of Non-Digestible Oligosaccharides against a Leaky GutMaria Eleni Mavrogeni0Mostafa Asadpoor1Paul A. J. Henricks2Ali Keshavarzian3Gert Folkerts4Saskia Braber5Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The NetherlandsDivision of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The NetherlandsDivision of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The NetherlandsDivision of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USADivision of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The NetherlandsDivision of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The NetherlandsThe epithelial monolayer is the primary determinant of mucosal barrier function, and tight junction (TJ) complexes seal the paracellular space between the adjacent epithelial cells and represent the main “gate-keepers” of the paracellular route. Impaired TJ functionality results in increased permeation of the “pro-inflammatory” luminal contents to the circulation that induces local and systemic inflammatory and immune responses, ultimately triggering and/or perpetuating (chronic) systemic inflammatory disorders. Increased gut leakiness is associated with intestinal and systemic disease states such as inflammatory bowel disease and neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease. Modulation of TJ dynamics is an appealing strategy aiming at inflammatory conditions associated with compromised intestinal epithelial function. Recently there has been a growing interest in nutraceuticals, particularly in non-digestible oligosaccharides (NDOs). NDOs confer innumerable health benefits via microbiome-shaping and gut microbiota-related immune responses, including enhancement of epithelial barrier integrity. Emerging evidence supports that NDOs also exert health-beneficial effects on microbiota independently via direct interactions with intestinal epithelial and immune cells. Among these valuable features, NDOs promote barrier function by directly regulating TJs via AMPK-, PKC-, MAPK-, and TLR-associated pathways. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the epithelial barrier-protective effects of different NDOs with a special focus on their microbiota-independent modulation of TJs.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/21/4699non-digestible oligosaccharidesintestinal epithelial barriertight junctionsparacellular permeabilityTEERleaky gut |
| spellingShingle | Maria Eleni Mavrogeni Mostafa Asadpoor Paul A. J. Henricks Ali Keshavarzian Gert Folkerts Saskia Braber Direct Action of Non-Digestible Oligosaccharides against a Leaky Gut Nutrients non-digestible oligosaccharides intestinal epithelial barrier tight junctions paracellular permeability TEER leaky gut |
| title | Direct Action of Non-Digestible Oligosaccharides against a Leaky Gut |
| title_full | Direct Action of Non-Digestible Oligosaccharides against a Leaky Gut |
| title_fullStr | Direct Action of Non-Digestible Oligosaccharides against a Leaky Gut |
| title_full_unstemmed | Direct Action of Non-Digestible Oligosaccharides against a Leaky Gut |
| title_short | Direct Action of Non-Digestible Oligosaccharides against a Leaky Gut |
| title_sort | direct action of non digestible oligosaccharides against a leaky gut |
| topic | non-digestible oligosaccharides intestinal epithelial barrier tight junctions paracellular permeability TEER leaky gut |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/21/4699 |
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