Pre- and Post-Operative Limb Symmetry Indexes and Estimated Preinjury Capacity Index of Muscle Strength as Predictive Factors for the Risk of ACL Reinjury: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Athletes after ACLR
Long-term muscle weakness may increase the risk of knee reinjury after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) and of osteoarthritis. The incidence of secondary injuries after ACLR and the predictive value of preoperative and postoperative limb symmetry index (LSI) and estimated preinjury c...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/8/3498 |
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| author | Martin Rudolf Zore Nevenka Kregar Velikonja Mohsen Hussein |
| author_facet | Martin Rudolf Zore Nevenka Kregar Velikonja Mohsen Hussein |
| author_sort | Martin Rudolf Zore |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Long-term muscle weakness may increase the risk of knee reinjury after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) and of osteoarthritis. The incidence of secondary injuries after ACLR and the predictive value of preoperative and postoperative limb symmetry index (LSI) and estimated preinjury capacity (EPIC) index were studied for predicting the risk of reinjury in a retrospective study. Sixty-three recreational and professional athletes after ACLR with hamstring autograft were followed for secondary injury in the period from 2012 to 2014, 5 years after ACLR. Peak torque values of knee extensor and flexor muscle strength of the involved and uninvolved limb were measured with an isokinetic dynamometer at 60 degrees per second before ACLR and 6 months after ACLR and were used to calculate LSI and EPIC index. The results suggest that the preoperative LSI and EPIC indexes predict a secondary ACL injury better than the postoperative LSI for extensor muscles which is often used as a criterion to determine the time for returning to normal sports activities. Individuals with secondary ACL injuries suffer greater loss of knee extensor muscle strength of the uninvolved limb between preoperative and postoperative ACLR testing compared to the individuals without secondary injury. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:21:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fe4851ea9447452e90951fa8fa2c0a15 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:21:47Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-fe4851ea9447452e90951fa8fa2c0a152023-11-21T15:29:45ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172021-04-01118349810.3390/app11083498Pre- and Post-Operative Limb Symmetry Indexes and Estimated Preinjury Capacity Index of Muscle Strength as Predictive Factors for the Risk of ACL Reinjury: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Athletes after ACLRMartin Rudolf Zore0Nevenka Kregar Velikonja1Mohsen Hussein2Artros Reha, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaFaculty of Health Sciences, University of Novo Mesto, 8000 Novo Mesto, SloveniaArtros Reha, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaLong-term muscle weakness may increase the risk of knee reinjury after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) and of osteoarthritis. The incidence of secondary injuries after ACLR and the predictive value of preoperative and postoperative limb symmetry index (LSI) and estimated preinjury capacity (EPIC) index were studied for predicting the risk of reinjury in a retrospective study. Sixty-three recreational and professional athletes after ACLR with hamstring autograft were followed for secondary injury in the period from 2012 to 2014, 5 years after ACLR. Peak torque values of knee extensor and flexor muscle strength of the involved and uninvolved limb were measured with an isokinetic dynamometer at 60 degrees per second before ACLR and 6 months after ACLR and were used to calculate LSI and EPIC index. The results suggest that the preoperative LSI and EPIC indexes predict a secondary ACL injury better than the postoperative LSI for extensor muscles which is often used as a criterion to determine the time for returning to normal sports activities. Individuals with secondary ACL injuries suffer greater loss of knee extensor muscle strength of the uninvolved limb between preoperative and postoperative ACLR testing compared to the individuals without secondary injury.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/8/3498anterior cruciate ligamentrehabilitationreturn to sportsymmetrystrength testingRTS criteria |
| spellingShingle | Martin Rudolf Zore Nevenka Kregar Velikonja Mohsen Hussein Pre- and Post-Operative Limb Symmetry Indexes and Estimated Preinjury Capacity Index of Muscle Strength as Predictive Factors for the Risk of ACL Reinjury: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Athletes after ACLR Applied Sciences anterior cruciate ligament rehabilitation return to sport symmetry strength testing RTS criteria |
| title | Pre- and Post-Operative Limb Symmetry Indexes and Estimated Preinjury Capacity Index of Muscle Strength as Predictive Factors for the Risk of ACL Reinjury: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Athletes after ACLR |
| title_full | Pre- and Post-Operative Limb Symmetry Indexes and Estimated Preinjury Capacity Index of Muscle Strength as Predictive Factors for the Risk of ACL Reinjury: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Athletes after ACLR |
| title_fullStr | Pre- and Post-Operative Limb Symmetry Indexes and Estimated Preinjury Capacity Index of Muscle Strength as Predictive Factors for the Risk of ACL Reinjury: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Athletes after ACLR |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pre- and Post-Operative Limb Symmetry Indexes and Estimated Preinjury Capacity Index of Muscle Strength as Predictive Factors for the Risk of ACL Reinjury: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Athletes after ACLR |
| title_short | Pre- and Post-Operative Limb Symmetry Indexes and Estimated Preinjury Capacity Index of Muscle Strength as Predictive Factors for the Risk of ACL Reinjury: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Athletes after ACLR |
| title_sort | pre and post operative limb symmetry indexes and estimated preinjury capacity index of muscle strength as predictive factors for the risk of acl reinjury a retrospective cohort study of athletes after aclr |
| topic | anterior cruciate ligament rehabilitation return to sport symmetry strength testing RTS criteria |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/8/3498 |
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