Investigating the sustainable performance of a nanoscale zerovalent iron permeable reactive barrier for removal of nitrate, sulfide, and arsenic
The quality of groundwater resources is at catastrophic risk. The proper performance of iron nanoparticles has made a permeable reactive barrier (PRB) an alternative to conventional filtration methods. The performance of nanozerovalent iron (nZVI) PRBs is limited by particle aggregation, instability...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
IWA Publishing
2023-04-01
|
| Series: | Aqua |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://aqua.iwaponline.com/content/72/4/540 |
| _version_ | 1827951536471277568 |
|---|---|
| author | Ali Naghikhani Abdolreza Karbassi Amin Sarang Majid Baghdadi |
| author_facet | Ali Naghikhani Abdolreza Karbassi Amin Sarang Majid Baghdadi |
| author_sort | Ali Naghikhani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The quality of groundwater resources is at catastrophic risk. The proper performance of iron nanoparticles has made a permeable reactive barrier (PRB) an alternative to conventional filtration methods. The performance of nanozerovalent iron (nZVI) PRBs is limited by particle aggregation, instability, and phase separation, even at low iron concentrations. Therefore, the precipitation of reactive materials and a decrease in the longevity of PRB are fundamental challenges. A laboratory setup is used to compare the performance of bare nZVI and xanthan gum (XG)-nZVI + Mulch PRB to simultaneously remove nitrate, sulfide, and arsenic in groundwater. nZVI (average diameter of 35–55 nm) particles are used as reactive media. The objectives are (1) to develop a method for treating nitrate, sulfide, and arsenic simultaneously in groundwater using organic mulch and XG-nZVI; and (2) to evaluate the longevity performance of the XG-nZVI + Mulch and bare nanoparticles treatment system over 10 days. The results showed that the XG-nZVI + Mulch barrier's performance for eliminating NO3-, As, and S2− was generally improved compared to the bare nZVI barriers by 5.7, 19.2, and 10.9%, respectively. Finally, despite the need for long-term sustainability assessment, XG-nZVI PRB performance is impressive, and this stability promises to improve the longevity of nanoparticles while used in PRBs.
HIGHLIGHTS
Permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) based on XG-nZVI + Mulch can lead to adequate remediation of NO3, As(V), S2− compared to the bare nZVI barriers by 5.7, 19.2, and 10.9%, respectively.;
The stability and longevity of the XG-nZVI + Mulch barrier are outstandingly better than the bare nanoparticles barrier.;
XG-nZVI + Mulch PRB's footprint is green and sustainable because of using recycled materials.; |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T13:44:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fea56b7b80ee4fc092991e6672c39607 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2709-8028 2709-8036 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T13:44:22Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | IWA Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Aqua |
| spelling | doaj.art-fea56b7b80ee4fc092991e6672c396072023-05-09T07:18:53ZengIWA PublishingAqua2709-80282709-80362023-04-0172454055610.2166/aqua.2023.006006Investigating the sustainable performance of a nanoscale zerovalent iron permeable reactive barrier for removal of nitrate, sulfide, and arsenicAli Naghikhani0Abdolreza Karbassi1Amin Sarang2Majid Baghdadi3 Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran The quality of groundwater resources is at catastrophic risk. The proper performance of iron nanoparticles has made a permeable reactive barrier (PRB) an alternative to conventional filtration methods. The performance of nanozerovalent iron (nZVI) PRBs is limited by particle aggregation, instability, and phase separation, even at low iron concentrations. Therefore, the precipitation of reactive materials and a decrease in the longevity of PRB are fundamental challenges. A laboratory setup is used to compare the performance of bare nZVI and xanthan gum (XG)-nZVI + Mulch PRB to simultaneously remove nitrate, sulfide, and arsenic in groundwater. nZVI (average diameter of 35–55 nm) particles are used as reactive media. The objectives are (1) to develop a method for treating nitrate, sulfide, and arsenic simultaneously in groundwater using organic mulch and XG-nZVI; and (2) to evaluate the longevity performance of the XG-nZVI + Mulch and bare nanoparticles treatment system over 10 days. The results showed that the XG-nZVI + Mulch barrier's performance for eliminating NO3-, As, and S2− was generally improved compared to the bare nZVI barriers by 5.7, 19.2, and 10.9%, respectively. Finally, despite the need for long-term sustainability assessment, XG-nZVI PRB performance is impressive, and this stability promises to improve the longevity of nanoparticles while used in PRBs. HIGHLIGHTS Permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) based on XG-nZVI + Mulch can lead to adequate remediation of NO3, As(V), S2− compared to the bare nZVI barriers by 5.7, 19.2, and 10.9%, respectively.; The stability and longevity of the XG-nZVI + Mulch barrier are outstandingly better than the bare nanoparticles barrier.; XG-nZVI + Mulch PRB's footprint is green and sustainable because of using recycled materials.;http://aqua.iwaponline.com/content/72/4/540biopolymersnanozerovalent ironorganic mulchpermeable reactive barrierxanthan gum |
| spellingShingle | Ali Naghikhani Abdolreza Karbassi Amin Sarang Majid Baghdadi Investigating the sustainable performance of a nanoscale zerovalent iron permeable reactive barrier for removal of nitrate, sulfide, and arsenic Aqua biopolymers nanozerovalent iron organic mulch permeable reactive barrier xanthan gum |
| title | Investigating the sustainable performance of a nanoscale zerovalent iron permeable reactive barrier for removal of nitrate, sulfide, and arsenic |
| title_full | Investigating the sustainable performance of a nanoscale zerovalent iron permeable reactive barrier for removal of nitrate, sulfide, and arsenic |
| title_fullStr | Investigating the sustainable performance of a nanoscale zerovalent iron permeable reactive barrier for removal of nitrate, sulfide, and arsenic |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigating the sustainable performance of a nanoscale zerovalent iron permeable reactive barrier for removal of nitrate, sulfide, and arsenic |
| title_short | Investigating the sustainable performance of a nanoscale zerovalent iron permeable reactive barrier for removal of nitrate, sulfide, and arsenic |
| title_sort | investigating the sustainable performance of a nanoscale zerovalent iron permeable reactive barrier for removal of nitrate sulfide and arsenic |
| topic | biopolymers nanozerovalent iron organic mulch permeable reactive barrier xanthan gum |
| url | http://aqua.iwaponline.com/content/72/4/540 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT alinaghikhani investigatingthesustainableperformanceofananoscalezerovalentironpermeablereactivebarrierforremovalofnitratesulfideandarsenic AT abdolrezakarbassi investigatingthesustainableperformanceofananoscalezerovalentironpermeablereactivebarrierforremovalofnitratesulfideandarsenic AT aminsarang investigatingthesustainableperformanceofananoscalezerovalentironpermeablereactivebarrierforremovalofnitratesulfideandarsenic AT majidbaghdadi investigatingthesustainableperformanceofananoscalezerovalentironpermeablereactivebarrierforremovalofnitratesulfideandarsenic |