Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Ginger Essential Oil against <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>
Though essential oils exhibit antibacterial activity against food pathogens, their underlying mechanism is understudied. We extracted ginger essential oil (GEO) using supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> and steam distillation. A chemical composition comparison by GC-MS showed that the main comp...
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MDPI AG
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/17/3955 |
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| author | Xin Wang Yi Shen Kiran Thakur Jinzhi Han Jian-Guo Zhang Fei Hu Zhao-Jun Wei |
| author_facet | Xin Wang Yi Shen Kiran Thakur Jinzhi Han Jian-Guo Zhang Fei Hu Zhao-Jun Wei |
| author_sort | Xin Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Though essential oils exhibit antibacterial activity against food pathogens, their underlying mechanism is understudied. We extracted ginger essential oil (GEO) using supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> and steam distillation. A chemical composition comparison by GC-MS showed that the main components of the extracted GEOs were zingiberene and α-curcumene. Their antibacterial activity and associated mechanism against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i> were investigated. The diameter of inhibition zone (DIZ) of GEO against <i>S. aureus</i> was 17.1 mm, with a minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) of 1.0 mg/mL, and minimum bactericide concentration (MBC) of 2.0 mg/mL. For <i>E. coli,</i> the DIZ was 12.3 mm with MIC and MBC values of 2.0 mg/mL and 4.0 mg/mL, respectively. The SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that some of the electrophoretic bacterial cell proteins bands disappeared with the increase in GEO concentration. Consequently, the nucleic acids content of bacterial suspension was raised significantly and the metabolic activity of bacteria was markedly decreased. GEO could thus inhibit the expression of some genes linked to bacterial energy metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle, cell membrane-related proteins, and DNA metabolism. Our findings speculate the bactericidal effects of GEO primarily through disruption of the bacterial cell membrane indicating its suitability in food perseveration. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:43:29Z |
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| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:43:29Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
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| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-feb1f8a8d5d04de8a8511de07e5ad4b82023-11-20T11:54:04ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492020-08-012517395510.3390/molecules25173955Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Ginger Essential Oil against <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>Xin Wang0Yi Shen1Kiran Thakur2Jinzhi Han3Jian-Guo Zhang4Fei Hu5Zhao-Jun Wei6School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, ChinaSchool of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, ChinaSchool of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, ChinaCollege of Biological Science and Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, ChinaSchool of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, ChinaSchool of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, ChinaSchool of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, ChinaThough essential oils exhibit antibacterial activity against food pathogens, their underlying mechanism is understudied. We extracted ginger essential oil (GEO) using supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> and steam distillation. A chemical composition comparison by GC-MS showed that the main components of the extracted GEOs were zingiberene and α-curcumene. Their antibacterial activity and associated mechanism against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i> were investigated. The diameter of inhibition zone (DIZ) of GEO against <i>S. aureus</i> was 17.1 mm, with a minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) of 1.0 mg/mL, and minimum bactericide concentration (MBC) of 2.0 mg/mL. For <i>E. coli,</i> the DIZ was 12.3 mm with MIC and MBC values of 2.0 mg/mL and 4.0 mg/mL, respectively. The SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that some of the electrophoretic bacterial cell proteins bands disappeared with the increase in GEO concentration. Consequently, the nucleic acids content of bacterial suspension was raised significantly and the metabolic activity of bacteria was markedly decreased. GEO could thus inhibit the expression of some genes linked to bacterial energy metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle, cell membrane-related proteins, and DNA metabolism. Our findings speculate the bactericidal effects of GEO primarily through disruption of the bacterial cell membrane indicating its suitability in food perseveration.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/17/3955ginger essential oilchemical compositionantibacterial mechanismbacterial cell membranebacteria lysis-related gene |
| spellingShingle | Xin Wang Yi Shen Kiran Thakur Jinzhi Han Jian-Guo Zhang Fei Hu Zhao-Jun Wei Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Ginger Essential Oil against <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Molecules ginger essential oil chemical composition antibacterial mechanism bacterial cell membrane bacteria lysis-related gene |
| title | Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Ginger Essential Oil against <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> |
| title_full | Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Ginger Essential Oil against <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> |
| title_fullStr | Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Ginger Essential Oil against <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Ginger Essential Oil against <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> |
| title_short | Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Ginger Essential Oil against <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> |
| title_sort | antibacterial activity and mechanism of ginger essential oil against i escherichia coli i and i staphylococcus aureus i |
| topic | ginger essential oil chemical composition antibacterial mechanism bacterial cell membrane bacteria lysis-related gene |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/17/3955 |
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