Relationship Between Aquifer Pumping Response and Quality of Water Extracted from Wells in an Active Hydrothermal System: The Case of the Island of Ischia (Southern Italy)
The thermal waters of the Island of Ischia, an active volcano located in Southern Italy, are widely used for supplying numerous spas. Groundwater withdrawals occur mainly through wells in the coastal strip. This study explores the impact of withdrawals on the quality of the waters used in thermal fa...
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MDPI AG
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Water |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/12/9/2576 |
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| author | Vincenzo Piscopo Fulvio Formica Luigi Lana Francesca Lotti Luigi Pianese Marco Trifuoggi |
| author_facet | Vincenzo Piscopo Fulvio Formica Luigi Lana Francesca Lotti Luigi Pianese Marco Trifuoggi |
| author_sort | Vincenzo Piscopo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The thermal waters of the Island of Ischia, an active volcano located in Southern Italy, are widely used for supplying numerous spas. Groundwater withdrawals occur mainly through wells in the coastal strip. This study explores the impact of withdrawals on the quality of the waters used in thermal facilities, which is required to be constant in terms of composition and temperature by law. For this purpose, specific investigations were conducted including 155 pumping tests, 124 water temperature measurements during pumping tests, 31 temperature and electrical conductivity logs and periodic chemical analysis of the waters of 21 selected wells. By comparing the response to pumping of the aquifer and the quality of the water extracted from the wells, it turned out that the quality of groundwater supplying spas depends not only on natural phenomena (meteoric recharge, seawater intrusion, and rising of deep hydrothermal fluids) but also relies on the island sector where groundwater is pumped and on the pumping method. The distance of the wells from the coast, the type of aquifer formation intersected by the wells, and the field of groundwater temperature of the hydrothermal system strongly affect the aquifer pumping response, determining the quality of water extracted from wells and its variation over time. In Ischia, techniques and regimes of groundwater withdrawals should adapt to the local aquifer pumping response, more than in another hydrogeological context. The concomitant analysis of drawdown, water temperature, and salinity during pumping turned out to be a valuable tool to define the sustainable yield of the single well. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:19:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-feb41ee3aeb94c9c93b7467adc5c80dc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:19:09Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water |
| spelling | doaj.art-feb41ee3aeb94c9c93b7467adc5c80dc2023-11-20T13:49:38ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412020-09-01129257610.3390/w12092576Relationship Between Aquifer Pumping Response and Quality of Water Extracted from Wells in an Active Hydrothermal System: The Case of the Island of Ischia (Southern Italy)Vincenzo Piscopo0Fulvio Formica1Luigi Lana2Francesca Lotti3Luigi Pianese4Marco Trifuoggi5Dipartimento di Scienze Ecologiche e Biologiche, Università degli Studi della Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, ItalyAcque Terme Ambiente, 80133 Napoli, ItalyKataclima srl, 01019 Vetralla, ItalyKataclima srl, 01019 Vetralla, ItalyAcque Terme Ambiente, 80133 Napoli, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 80126 Napoli, ItalyThe thermal waters of the Island of Ischia, an active volcano located in Southern Italy, are widely used for supplying numerous spas. Groundwater withdrawals occur mainly through wells in the coastal strip. This study explores the impact of withdrawals on the quality of the waters used in thermal facilities, which is required to be constant in terms of composition and temperature by law. For this purpose, specific investigations were conducted including 155 pumping tests, 124 water temperature measurements during pumping tests, 31 temperature and electrical conductivity logs and periodic chemical analysis of the waters of 21 selected wells. By comparing the response to pumping of the aquifer and the quality of the water extracted from the wells, it turned out that the quality of groundwater supplying spas depends not only on natural phenomena (meteoric recharge, seawater intrusion, and rising of deep hydrothermal fluids) but also relies on the island sector where groundwater is pumped and on the pumping method. The distance of the wells from the coast, the type of aquifer formation intersected by the wells, and the field of groundwater temperature of the hydrothermal system strongly affect the aquifer pumping response, determining the quality of water extracted from wells and its variation over time. In Ischia, techniques and regimes of groundwater withdrawals should adapt to the local aquifer pumping response, more than in another hydrogeological context. The concomitant analysis of drawdown, water temperature, and salinity during pumping turned out to be a valuable tool to define the sustainable yield of the single well.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/12/9/2576volcanic aquiferpumping testthermal waterIsland of Ischiaintensive use of groundwater |
| spellingShingle | Vincenzo Piscopo Fulvio Formica Luigi Lana Francesca Lotti Luigi Pianese Marco Trifuoggi Relationship Between Aquifer Pumping Response and Quality of Water Extracted from Wells in an Active Hydrothermal System: The Case of the Island of Ischia (Southern Italy) Water volcanic aquifer pumping test thermal water Island of Ischia intensive use of groundwater |
| title | Relationship Between Aquifer Pumping Response and Quality of Water Extracted from Wells in an Active Hydrothermal System: The Case of the Island of Ischia (Southern Italy) |
| title_full | Relationship Between Aquifer Pumping Response and Quality of Water Extracted from Wells in an Active Hydrothermal System: The Case of the Island of Ischia (Southern Italy) |
| title_fullStr | Relationship Between Aquifer Pumping Response and Quality of Water Extracted from Wells in an Active Hydrothermal System: The Case of the Island of Ischia (Southern Italy) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Relationship Between Aquifer Pumping Response and Quality of Water Extracted from Wells in an Active Hydrothermal System: The Case of the Island of Ischia (Southern Italy) |
| title_short | Relationship Between Aquifer Pumping Response and Quality of Water Extracted from Wells in an Active Hydrothermal System: The Case of the Island of Ischia (Southern Italy) |
| title_sort | relationship between aquifer pumping response and quality of water extracted from wells in an active hydrothermal system the case of the island of ischia southern italy |
| topic | volcanic aquifer pumping test thermal water Island of Ischia intensive use of groundwater |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/12/9/2576 |
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