Acid-base balance in acute ethylene glycol poisoning in rats treated with fomepizole
Introduction. Ethylene glycol (EG) is relatively nontoxic but undergoes a multi-step oxidation to toxic metabolites, aldehydes and acids. The accumulation of organic acids, mainly glycolates, leads to the development of profound, life-threatening metabolic acidosis. A key therapy is an antidotal tre...
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| Format: | Article |
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Poznan University of Medical Sciences
2014-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Medical Science |
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| Online Access: | https://jms.ump.edu.pl/index.php/JMS/article/view/40 |
| _version_ | 1818695814569000960 |
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| author | Jędrzej Przystanowicz Barbara Zielińska-Psuja Joanna Kowalówka-Zawieja Karina Sommerfeld |
| author_facet | Jędrzej Przystanowicz Barbara Zielińska-Psuja Joanna Kowalówka-Zawieja Karina Sommerfeld |
| author_sort | Jędrzej Przystanowicz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction. Ethylene glycol (EG) is relatively nontoxic but undergoes a multi-step oxidation to toxic metabolites, aldehydes and acids. The accumulation of organic acids, mainly glycolates, leads to the development of profound, life-threatening metabolic acidosis. A key therapy is an antidotal treatment with fomepizole (4-MP), the inhibitor of the first step of EG biotransformation enzyme, alcohol dehydrogenase.
Aim. The aim of the study was to demonstrate the efficacy of fomepizole in the prevention of acid-base balance disorders in acute ethylene glycol poisonings in rats.
Material and methods. Adult male Wistar rats were given EG (p.o.) with single (i.p.) or multiple (p.o.) doses of 4-MP (EG 3830 and 5745 mg/kg, respectively, 4-MP in single dose of 10 mg/kg or 15 mg/kg followed by 10 mg/kg every 12 hours). Blood gas analysis was performed and blood pH, bicarbonate concentration and base excess were evaluated.
Results and conclusions. The single dose of 4-MP was effective in preventing a decrease in blood pH, bicarbonate concentration and base excess during the entire experimental period (pH 7.35 vs 7.21 at hour 12, bicarbonate concentration 27.2 vs 18.3 mmol/dm3 at hour 8, base excess 1.8 vs -8.2 mmol/dm3 at hour 18). The multiple administration of 4-MP started 2 hours after EG poisoning resulted in rapid restoration of proper values of acid- -base balance parameters. Fomepizole is highly efficacious in restraining the acid-base balance disorders which are concomitant with acute ethylene glycol poisonings. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T13:51:27Z |
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| issn | 2353-9798 2353-9801 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T13:51:27Z |
| publishDate | 2014-03-01 |
| publisher | Poznan University of Medical Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Medical Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-feb6078faad44be598a46826c67edabd2022-12-21T21:46:02ZengPoznan University of Medical SciencesJournal of Medical Science2353-97982353-98012014-03-0183110.20883/medical.e40Acid-base balance in acute ethylene glycol poisoning in rats treated with fomepizoleJędrzej Przystanowicz0Barbara Zielińska-Psuja1Joanna Kowalówka-Zawieja2Karina Sommerfeld3Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, PolandDepartment of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, PolandDepartment of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, PolandDepartment of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, PolandIntroduction. Ethylene glycol (EG) is relatively nontoxic but undergoes a multi-step oxidation to toxic metabolites, aldehydes and acids. The accumulation of organic acids, mainly glycolates, leads to the development of profound, life-threatening metabolic acidosis. A key therapy is an antidotal treatment with fomepizole (4-MP), the inhibitor of the first step of EG biotransformation enzyme, alcohol dehydrogenase. Aim. The aim of the study was to demonstrate the efficacy of fomepizole in the prevention of acid-base balance disorders in acute ethylene glycol poisonings in rats. Material and methods. Adult male Wistar rats were given EG (p.o.) with single (i.p.) or multiple (p.o.) doses of 4-MP (EG 3830 and 5745 mg/kg, respectively, 4-MP in single dose of 10 mg/kg or 15 mg/kg followed by 10 mg/kg every 12 hours). Blood gas analysis was performed and blood pH, bicarbonate concentration and base excess were evaluated. Results and conclusions. The single dose of 4-MP was effective in preventing a decrease in blood pH, bicarbonate concentration and base excess during the entire experimental period (pH 7.35 vs 7.21 at hour 12, bicarbonate concentration 27.2 vs 18.3 mmol/dm3 at hour 8, base excess 1.8 vs -8.2 mmol/dm3 at hour 18). The multiple administration of 4-MP started 2 hours after EG poisoning resulted in rapid restoration of proper values of acid- -base balance parameters. Fomepizole is highly efficacious in restraining the acid-base balance disorders which are concomitant with acute ethylene glycol poisonings.https://jms.ump.edu.pl/index.php/JMS/article/view/40ethylene glycolfomepizoleacid-base balanceacute poisoningrats |
| spellingShingle | Jędrzej Przystanowicz Barbara Zielińska-Psuja Joanna Kowalówka-Zawieja Karina Sommerfeld Acid-base balance in acute ethylene glycol poisoning in rats treated with fomepizole Journal of Medical Science ethylene glycol fomepizole acid-base balance acute poisoning rats |
| title | Acid-base balance in acute ethylene glycol poisoning in rats treated with fomepizole |
| title_full | Acid-base balance in acute ethylene glycol poisoning in rats treated with fomepizole |
| title_fullStr | Acid-base balance in acute ethylene glycol poisoning in rats treated with fomepizole |
| title_full_unstemmed | Acid-base balance in acute ethylene glycol poisoning in rats treated with fomepizole |
| title_short | Acid-base balance in acute ethylene glycol poisoning in rats treated with fomepizole |
| title_sort | acid base balance in acute ethylene glycol poisoning in rats treated with fomepizole |
| topic | ethylene glycol fomepizole acid-base balance acute poisoning rats |
| url | https://jms.ump.edu.pl/index.php/JMS/article/view/40 |
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