Experimental Research and Numerical Simulation of Laser Welding of 303Cu/440C-Nb Stainless-Steel Thin-Walled Natural-Gas Injector for Vehicles
This paper presents the results of research on laser lap welding technology of heterogeneous materials and a laser post-heat treatment method to enhance welding performance. The purpose of this study is to reveal the welding principle of austenitic/martensitic dissimilar stainless-steel materials (3...
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/5/2109 |
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| author | Lisen Zhou Dongya Li Chonghai Xu Zhaoxing Zheng Yu Liu |
| author_facet | Lisen Zhou Dongya Li Chonghai Xu Zhaoxing Zheng Yu Liu |
| author_sort | Lisen Zhou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper presents the results of research on laser lap welding technology of heterogeneous materials and a laser post-heat treatment method to enhance welding performance. The purpose of this study is to reveal the welding principle of austenitic/martensitic dissimilar stainless-steel materials (3030Cu/440C-Nb) and to further obtain welded joints with good mechanical and sealing properties. A natural-gas injector valve is taken as the study case where its valve pipe (303Cu) and valve seat (440C-Nb) are welded. Experiments and numerical simulations were conducted where the welded joints’ temperature and stress fields, microstructure, element distribution, and microhardness were studied. The results showed that the residual equivalent stresses and uneven fusion zone tend to concentrate at the joint of two materials within the welded joint. The hardness of the 303Cu side (181.8 HV) is less than the 440C-Nb side (266 HV) in the center of the welded joint. The laser post-heat treatment can reduce the residual equivalent stress in the welded joint and improve the mechanical and sealing properties. The results of the press-off force test and the helium leakage test showed that the press-off force increased from 9640 N to 10,046 N and the helium leakage rate decreased from 3.34 × 10<sup>−4</sup> to 3.96 × 10<sup>−6</sup>. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:19:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-febe6d1c1d574cfc9e77f402cccae12a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:19:12Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-febe6d1c1d574cfc9e77f402cccae12a2023-11-17T08:07:27ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442023-03-01165210910.3390/ma16052109Experimental Research and Numerical Simulation of Laser Welding of 303Cu/440C-Nb Stainless-Steel Thin-Walled Natural-Gas Injector for VehiclesLisen Zhou0Dongya Li1Chonghai Xu2Zhaoxing Zheng3Yu Liu4Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, ChinaSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangnang University, Wuxi 214122, ChinaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, ChinaWuxi Longsheng Technology Co., Ltd., Wuxi 214028, ChinaSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangnang University, Wuxi 214122, ChinaThis paper presents the results of research on laser lap welding technology of heterogeneous materials and a laser post-heat treatment method to enhance welding performance. The purpose of this study is to reveal the welding principle of austenitic/martensitic dissimilar stainless-steel materials (3030Cu/440C-Nb) and to further obtain welded joints with good mechanical and sealing properties. A natural-gas injector valve is taken as the study case where its valve pipe (303Cu) and valve seat (440C-Nb) are welded. Experiments and numerical simulations were conducted where the welded joints’ temperature and stress fields, microstructure, element distribution, and microhardness were studied. The results showed that the residual equivalent stresses and uneven fusion zone tend to concentrate at the joint of two materials within the welded joint. The hardness of the 303Cu side (181.8 HV) is less than the 440C-Nb side (266 HV) in the center of the welded joint. The laser post-heat treatment can reduce the residual equivalent stress in the welded joint and improve the mechanical and sealing properties. The results of the press-off force test and the helium leakage test showed that the press-off force increased from 9640 N to 10,046 N and the helium leakage rate decreased from 3.34 × 10<sup>−4</sup> to 3.96 × 10<sup>−6</sup>.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/5/2109laser weldingaustenitic/martensitic stainless-steel weldingnumerical simulationhelium leakage testlaser post-heat treatment process |
| spellingShingle | Lisen Zhou Dongya Li Chonghai Xu Zhaoxing Zheng Yu Liu Experimental Research and Numerical Simulation of Laser Welding of 303Cu/440C-Nb Stainless-Steel Thin-Walled Natural-Gas Injector for Vehicles Materials laser welding austenitic/martensitic stainless-steel welding numerical simulation helium leakage test laser post-heat treatment process |
| title | Experimental Research and Numerical Simulation of Laser Welding of 303Cu/440C-Nb Stainless-Steel Thin-Walled Natural-Gas Injector for Vehicles |
| title_full | Experimental Research and Numerical Simulation of Laser Welding of 303Cu/440C-Nb Stainless-Steel Thin-Walled Natural-Gas Injector for Vehicles |
| title_fullStr | Experimental Research and Numerical Simulation of Laser Welding of 303Cu/440C-Nb Stainless-Steel Thin-Walled Natural-Gas Injector for Vehicles |
| title_full_unstemmed | Experimental Research and Numerical Simulation of Laser Welding of 303Cu/440C-Nb Stainless-Steel Thin-Walled Natural-Gas Injector for Vehicles |
| title_short | Experimental Research and Numerical Simulation of Laser Welding of 303Cu/440C-Nb Stainless-Steel Thin-Walled Natural-Gas Injector for Vehicles |
| title_sort | experimental research and numerical simulation of laser welding of 303cu 440c nb stainless steel thin walled natural gas injector for vehicles |
| topic | laser welding austenitic/martensitic stainless-steel welding numerical simulation helium leakage test laser post-heat treatment process |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/5/2109 |
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