Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and Oral Cancer in Saudi Arabia: An Epidemiological Review of the Literature
<b>Background:</b> Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) are a group of chronic oral mucosal diseases associated with an increased risk of malignant transformation. Multiple studies have investigated the prevalence of these conditions in multiple regions; however, there are limite...
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/5/1376 |
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| author | Khalid Aljohani Ali Alqarni Molly Harte Rawia Alghamdi Saja Alzahrani Rui Albuquerque |
| author_facet | Khalid Aljohani Ali Alqarni Molly Harte Rawia Alghamdi Saja Alzahrani Rui Albuquerque |
| author_sort | Khalid Aljohani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <b>Background:</b> Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) are a group of chronic oral mucosal diseases associated with an increased risk of malignant transformation. Multiple studies have investigated the prevalence of these conditions in multiple regions; however, there are limited data about the prevalence of OPMDs in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). This paper aims to review the prevalence of OPMDs in the KSA, to ensure better understanding of the population risk and propose a more standardised approach to the diagnosis and management of this group across the KSA. In addition, this review will discuss the prevalence of oral cancer in the KSA, considering independent risk factors for oral cancer development. <b>Methods:</b> Electronic databases including PubMed, Medline, Medscape, ScienceDirect, StatPearls, BMC Oral Health and the Cochrane Library were searched with the keywords “Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders”; “Saudi Arabia”; and “Oral Cancer”. Identified articles were reviewed independently by 2 reviewers against defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. <b>Results:</b> 16 studies were included in this review. The prevalence of OPMDs in KSA varies significantly depending on age, gender, social habits, background disease and dental status. <b>Conclusions:</b> This review highlights the need for up-to-date data on the prevalence, distribution, and characteristics of OPMDs in KSA. The diverse prevalence rates and distinct characteristics of various OPMDs emphasise the necessity for targeted preventive measures. As the data on OPMDs in KSA remains limited, future research efforts should prioritise the establishment of comprehensive epidemiological studies to inform effective public health interventions in this region. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:27:18Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:27:18Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-febf448a34294120972dcf10e52eca7d2024-03-12T16:48:14ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832024-02-01135137610.3390/jcm13051376Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and Oral Cancer in Saudi Arabia: An Epidemiological Review of the LiteratureKhalid Aljohani0Ali Alqarni1Molly Harte2Rawia Alghamdi3Saja Alzahrani4Rui Albuquerque5Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Oral Medicine, Guy’s and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 8WA, UKIndependent Researcher, Jeddah 22335, Saudi ArabiaIndependent Researcher, Jeddah 22335, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Oral Medicine, Guy’s and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 8WA, UK<b>Background:</b> Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) are a group of chronic oral mucosal diseases associated with an increased risk of malignant transformation. Multiple studies have investigated the prevalence of these conditions in multiple regions; however, there are limited data about the prevalence of OPMDs in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). This paper aims to review the prevalence of OPMDs in the KSA, to ensure better understanding of the population risk and propose a more standardised approach to the diagnosis and management of this group across the KSA. In addition, this review will discuss the prevalence of oral cancer in the KSA, considering independent risk factors for oral cancer development. <b>Methods:</b> Electronic databases including PubMed, Medline, Medscape, ScienceDirect, StatPearls, BMC Oral Health and the Cochrane Library were searched with the keywords “Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders”; “Saudi Arabia”; and “Oral Cancer”. Identified articles were reviewed independently by 2 reviewers against defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. <b>Results:</b> 16 studies were included in this review. The prevalence of OPMDs in KSA varies significantly depending on age, gender, social habits, background disease and dental status. <b>Conclusions:</b> This review highlights the need for up-to-date data on the prevalence, distribution, and characteristics of OPMDs in KSA. The diverse prevalence rates and distinct characteristics of various OPMDs emphasise the necessity for targeted preventive measures. As the data on OPMDs in KSA remains limited, future research efforts should prioritise the establishment of comprehensive epidemiological studies to inform effective public health interventions in this region.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/5/1376oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs)oral pre-malignant disordersoral malignancyKingdom of Saudi Arabiasquamous cell carcinomaleukoplakia |
| spellingShingle | Khalid Aljohani Ali Alqarni Molly Harte Rawia Alghamdi Saja Alzahrani Rui Albuquerque Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and Oral Cancer in Saudi Arabia: An Epidemiological Review of the Literature Journal of Clinical Medicine oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) oral pre-malignant disorders oral malignancy Kingdom of Saudi Arabia squamous cell carcinoma leukoplakia |
| title | Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and Oral Cancer in Saudi Arabia: An Epidemiological Review of the Literature |
| title_full | Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and Oral Cancer in Saudi Arabia: An Epidemiological Review of the Literature |
| title_fullStr | Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and Oral Cancer in Saudi Arabia: An Epidemiological Review of the Literature |
| title_full_unstemmed | Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and Oral Cancer in Saudi Arabia: An Epidemiological Review of the Literature |
| title_short | Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and Oral Cancer in Saudi Arabia: An Epidemiological Review of the Literature |
| title_sort | oral potentially malignant disorders and oral cancer in saudi arabia an epidemiological review of the literature |
| topic | oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) oral pre-malignant disorders oral malignancy Kingdom of Saudi Arabia squamous cell carcinoma leukoplakia |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/5/1376 |
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