Biomarkers of Deoxynivalenol Toxicity in Chickens with Special Emphasis on Metabolic and Welfare Parameters
Deoxynivalenol (DON), a trichothecene mycotoxin produced by <i>Fusarium</i> species, is the most widespread mycotoxin in poultry feed worldwide. Long term-exposure from low to moderate DON concentrations can produce alteration in growth performance and impairment of the health status of...
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Toxins |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/13/3/217 |
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| author | Insaf Riahi Anna Maria Pérez-Vendrell Antonio J. Ramos Joaquim Brufau Enric Esteve-Garcia Julie Schulthess Virginie Marquis |
| author_facet | Insaf Riahi Anna Maria Pérez-Vendrell Antonio J. Ramos Joaquim Brufau Enric Esteve-Garcia Julie Schulthess Virginie Marquis |
| author_sort | Insaf Riahi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Deoxynivalenol (DON), a trichothecene mycotoxin produced by <i>Fusarium</i> species, is the most widespread mycotoxin in poultry feed worldwide. Long term-exposure from low to moderate DON concentrations can produce alteration in growth performance and impairment of the health status of birds. To evaluate the efficacy of mycotoxin-detoxifying agent alleviating the toxic effects of DON, the most relevant biomarkers of toxicity of DON in chickens should be firstly determined. The specific biomarker of exposure of DON in chickens is DON-3 sulphate found in different biological matrices (plasma and excreta). Regarding the nonspecific biomarkers called also biomarkers of effect, the most relevant ones are the impairment of the productive parameters, the intestinal morphology (reduction of villus height) and the enlargement of the gizzard. Moreover, the biomarkers of effect related to physiology (decrease of blood proteins, triglycerides, hemoglobin, erythrocytes, and lymphocytes and the increase of alanine transaminase (ALT)), immunity (response to common vaccines and release of some proinflammatory cytokines) and welfare status of the birds (such as the increase of Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and the stress index), has been reported. This review highlights the available information regarding both types of biomarkers of DON toxicity in chickens. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:09:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fec344d361ad424ba0a2ca8f869ec25a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6651 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:09:15Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxins |
| spelling | doaj.art-fec344d361ad424ba0a2ca8f869ec25a2023-11-21T10:56:19ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512021-03-0113321710.3390/toxins13030217Biomarkers of Deoxynivalenol Toxicity in Chickens with Special Emphasis on Metabolic and Welfare ParametersInsaf Riahi0Anna Maria Pérez-Vendrell1Antonio J. Ramos2Joaquim Brufau3Enric Esteve-Garcia4Julie Schulthess5Virginie Marquis6Animal Nutrition Department, Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA Mas Bové), 43120 Constanti, SpainAnimal Nutrition Department, Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA Mas Bové), 43120 Constanti, SpainApplied Mycology Unit, Food Technology Department, University of Lleida, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, SpainAnimal Nutrition Department, Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA Mas Bové), 43120 Constanti, SpainAnimal Nutrition Department, Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA Mas Bové), 43120 Constanti, SpainPhileo by Lesaffre, 137 Rue Gabriel Péri, 59700 Marcq en Baroeul, FrancePhileo by Lesaffre, 137 Rue Gabriel Péri, 59700 Marcq en Baroeul, FranceDeoxynivalenol (DON), a trichothecene mycotoxin produced by <i>Fusarium</i> species, is the most widespread mycotoxin in poultry feed worldwide. Long term-exposure from low to moderate DON concentrations can produce alteration in growth performance and impairment of the health status of birds. To evaluate the efficacy of mycotoxin-detoxifying agent alleviating the toxic effects of DON, the most relevant biomarkers of toxicity of DON in chickens should be firstly determined. The specific biomarker of exposure of DON in chickens is DON-3 sulphate found in different biological matrices (plasma and excreta). Regarding the nonspecific biomarkers called also biomarkers of effect, the most relevant ones are the impairment of the productive parameters, the intestinal morphology (reduction of villus height) and the enlargement of the gizzard. Moreover, the biomarkers of effect related to physiology (decrease of blood proteins, triglycerides, hemoglobin, erythrocytes, and lymphocytes and the increase of alanine transaminase (ALT)), immunity (response to common vaccines and release of some proinflammatory cytokines) and welfare status of the birds (such as the increase of Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and the stress index), has been reported. This review highlights the available information regarding both types of biomarkers of DON toxicity in chickens.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/13/3/217deoxynivalenolchickensdeoxynivalenol-3 sulphatebiomarkers |
| spellingShingle | Insaf Riahi Anna Maria Pérez-Vendrell Antonio J. Ramos Joaquim Brufau Enric Esteve-Garcia Julie Schulthess Virginie Marquis Biomarkers of Deoxynivalenol Toxicity in Chickens with Special Emphasis on Metabolic and Welfare Parameters Toxins deoxynivalenol chickens deoxynivalenol-3 sulphate biomarkers |
| title | Biomarkers of Deoxynivalenol Toxicity in Chickens with Special Emphasis on Metabolic and Welfare Parameters |
| title_full | Biomarkers of Deoxynivalenol Toxicity in Chickens with Special Emphasis on Metabolic and Welfare Parameters |
| title_fullStr | Biomarkers of Deoxynivalenol Toxicity in Chickens with Special Emphasis on Metabolic and Welfare Parameters |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biomarkers of Deoxynivalenol Toxicity in Chickens with Special Emphasis on Metabolic and Welfare Parameters |
| title_short | Biomarkers of Deoxynivalenol Toxicity in Chickens with Special Emphasis on Metabolic and Welfare Parameters |
| title_sort | biomarkers of deoxynivalenol toxicity in chickens with special emphasis on metabolic and welfare parameters |
| topic | deoxynivalenol chickens deoxynivalenol-3 sulphate biomarkers |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/13/3/217 |
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