Cytotoxic and genotoxic evaluation of cotinine using human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y)
Abstract Cotinine is the main metabolite of nicotine, which is metabolized in the liver through a cytochrome P450 enzyme. Different studies point to genetic instability caused by nicotine, such as single and double DNA strand breaks and micronuclei formation, but little is known about the effect of...
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| Language: | English |
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Sociedade Brasileira de Genética
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| Series: | Genetics and Molecular Biology |
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| Online Access: | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572020000400501&lng=en&tlng=en |
| _version_ | 1818341915334017024 |
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| author | Daiana Dalberto Caroline Cardoso Nicolau Ana Leticia Hilario Garcia Adriane Perachi Nordin Ivana Grivicich Juliana da Silva |
| author_facet | Daiana Dalberto Caroline Cardoso Nicolau Ana Leticia Hilario Garcia Adriane Perachi Nordin Ivana Grivicich Juliana da Silva |
| author_sort | Daiana Dalberto |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Cotinine is the main metabolite of nicotine, which is metabolized in the liver through a cytochrome P450 enzyme. Different studies point to genetic instability caused by nicotine, such as single and double DNA strand breaks and micronuclei formation, but little is known about the effect of cotinine. Therefore, the present in vitro study assessed the effects of cotinine on cell viability and DNA damage in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, as well as genotoxicity related to oxidative stress mechanisms. Comparisons with nicotine were also performed. An alkaline comet assay modified by repair endonucleases (FPG, OGG1, and Endo III) was used to detect oxidized nucleobases. SH-SY5Y neuronal cells were cultured under standard conditions and exposed for 3 h to different concentrations of cotinine and nicotine. Cytotoxicity was observed at higher doses of cotinine and nicotine in the MTT assay. In the trypan blue assay, cells showed viability above 80% for both compounds. Alkaline comet assay results demonstrated a significant increase in damage index and frequency for cells treated with cotinine and nicotine, presenting genotoxicity. The results of the enzyme-modified comet assay suggest a DNA oxidative damage induced by nicotine. Unlike other studies, our results demonstrated genotoxicity induced by both cotinine and nicotine. The similar effects observed for these two pyridine alkaloids may be due to the similarity of their structures. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T16:06:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fecbe6445fe3426190c4f93d124f4bb2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1415-4757 1678-4685 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T16:06:23Z |
| publisher | Sociedade Brasileira de Genética |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Genetics and Molecular Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-fecbe6445fe3426190c4f93d124f4bb22022-12-21T23:39:02ZengSociedade Brasileira de GenéticaGenetics and Molecular Biology1415-47571678-468543210.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2019-0123S1415-47572020000400501Cytotoxic and genotoxic evaluation of cotinine using human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y)Daiana DalbertoCaroline Cardoso NicolauAna Leticia Hilario GarciaAdriane Perachi NordinIvana GrivicichJuliana da SilvaAbstract Cotinine is the main metabolite of nicotine, which is metabolized in the liver through a cytochrome P450 enzyme. Different studies point to genetic instability caused by nicotine, such as single and double DNA strand breaks and micronuclei formation, but little is known about the effect of cotinine. Therefore, the present in vitro study assessed the effects of cotinine on cell viability and DNA damage in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, as well as genotoxicity related to oxidative stress mechanisms. Comparisons with nicotine were also performed. An alkaline comet assay modified by repair endonucleases (FPG, OGG1, and Endo III) was used to detect oxidized nucleobases. SH-SY5Y neuronal cells were cultured under standard conditions and exposed for 3 h to different concentrations of cotinine and nicotine. Cytotoxicity was observed at higher doses of cotinine and nicotine in the MTT assay. In the trypan blue assay, cells showed viability above 80% for both compounds. Alkaline comet assay results demonstrated a significant increase in damage index and frequency for cells treated with cotinine and nicotine, presenting genotoxicity. The results of the enzyme-modified comet assay suggest a DNA oxidative damage induced by nicotine. Unlike other studies, our results demonstrated genotoxicity induced by both cotinine and nicotine. The similar effects observed for these two pyridine alkaloids may be due to the similarity of their structures.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572020000400501&lng=en&tlng=encotininenicotinecytotoxicitygenotoxicitysh-sy5y cells |
| spellingShingle | Daiana Dalberto Caroline Cardoso Nicolau Ana Leticia Hilario Garcia Adriane Perachi Nordin Ivana Grivicich Juliana da Silva Cytotoxic and genotoxic evaluation of cotinine using human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y) Genetics and Molecular Biology cotinine nicotine cytotoxicity genotoxicity sh-sy5y cells |
| title | Cytotoxic and genotoxic evaluation of cotinine using human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y) |
| title_full | Cytotoxic and genotoxic evaluation of cotinine using human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y) |
| title_fullStr | Cytotoxic and genotoxic evaluation of cotinine using human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cytotoxic and genotoxic evaluation of cotinine using human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y) |
| title_short | Cytotoxic and genotoxic evaluation of cotinine using human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y) |
| title_sort | cytotoxic and genotoxic evaluation of cotinine using human neuroblastoma cells sh sy5y |
| topic | cotinine nicotine cytotoxicity genotoxicity sh-sy5y cells |
| url | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572020000400501&lng=en&tlng=en |
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