| Summary: | <p><em>Scutellaria</em> L., with nearly 400 species, is one of the largest genera of the family Lamiaceae. In the last taxonomic treatment conducted by the first author, the genus <em>Scutellaria</em> has been evaluated as a genus with 33 taxa consisting of 25 species, 1 hybrid species and 13 subspecies in the Flora of Turkey. Turkish <em>Scutellaria</em> species are classified under three sections: section <em>Scutellaria</em>, section <em>Salviifoliae</em> and section <em>Lupulinaria</em>. We have here studied essential oil composition of the subspecies of <em>S.</em> <em>brevibracteata</em> belonging to the section <em>Scutellaria</em>. In the Anatolian traditional medicine, there is no more information on usage of <em>Scutellaria</em> except for the usage for constipation, hemostatic, tonic and wound healing, due to lack of its aromatic odour.</p><p>Dried the aerial parts of three subspecies of <em>Scutellaria</em> <em>brevibracteata</em> Stapf from Turkey were hydrodistilled. The chemical compositions of the essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), simultaneously. The subspecies of <em>S.</em> <em>brevibracteata</em> investigated here as follows: <em>S. brevibractetata </em>Stapf subsp<em>. brevibracteata, S. brevibractetata </em>Stapf subsp<em>. subvelutina </em>(Rech.f.) Greuter & Burdet<em> </em>and <em>S. brevibractetata </em>Stapf subsp.<em> pannosula </em>(Rech.f.) Greuter & Burdet.</p><p>According to the results of analyzing, β-caryophyllene (22.8%) and caryophyllene oxide (16.0%) were determined as the main components in <em>S. brevibractetata</em> subsp. <em>brevibracteata</em> oil. In <em>S. brevibractetata</em> subsp. <em>subvelutina</em> oil, β-caryophyllene (28.3%), linalool (12.4%), hexadecanoic acid (10.8%) were found as major constituents. β-caryophyllene (36.4%), a-cadinol (9.8%), d-cadinene (7.0%) linalool (5.3%) were identified as major component in the oils of <em>S. brevibractetata</em> subsp. <em>pannosula</em>.</p>
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