Domestic wastewater treatment using Pt,Ni-RE (rare earth) electrodes
Electrochemical technologies can be used for the treatment of domestic wastewaters, by eliminating their organic pollutants. They have advantages over conventional methods, such as environmental compatibility, versatility, energy efficiency, safety and cost. The organic compounds degradation process...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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AIMS Press
2016-11-01
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| Series: | AIMS Energy |
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| Online Access: | http://www.aimspress.com/energy/article/1067/fulltext.html |
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| author | Eurico Moutinho Daniele Macciò Adriana Saccone Margarida Mateus Diogo Santos |
| author_facet | Eurico Moutinho Daniele Macciò Adriana Saccone Margarida Mateus Diogo Santos |
| author_sort | Eurico Moutinho |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Electrochemical technologies can be used for the treatment of domestic wastewaters, by eliminating their organic pollutants. They have advantages over conventional methods, such as environmental compatibility, versatility, energy efficiency, safety and cost. The organic compounds degradation process is based on the production of OH radicals, formed during water electrolysis, which oxidize the organic molecules to CO<sub>2</sub>. At the same time, hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>) is produced through reduction of the water in the effluent, which can be later used in a fuel cell. Present study seeks to find effective electrocatalysts to produce H<sub>2</sub> by electrolysis, using domestic wastewaters as the hydrogen source, with or without the addition of supporting electrolyte. Herein KOH is used as the supporting electrolyte, as the extra hydroxide can be used to degrade the organic matter. Nine different electrode materials are evaluated as cathodes for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in a domestic wastewater. The tested materials include platinum (Pt) and platinum-rare earth (Pt-RE) binary alloys, and nickel (Ni) and Ni-RE alloys, with the REs being cerium (Ce), samarium (Sm), dysprosium (Dy), and holmium (Ho). Linear scan voltammetry measurements are conducted at temperatures ranging from 25 to 85 ºC. Several kinetic parameters are calculated, such as the Tafel slopes, charge transfer coefficients and exchange current densities. The data obtained at the different electrode materials is compared and it is clear that Pt-RE alloys show superior activity for the HER. It is also noticeable that the wastewater effluent containing the supporting electrolyte leads to significantly better HER performances. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T19:43:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-fef299a303cb4b7496298a2561af4449 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2333-8334 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T19:43:52Z |
| publishDate | 2016-11-01 |
| publisher | AIMS Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | AIMS Energy |
| spelling | doaj.art-fef299a303cb4b7496298a2561af44492022-12-22T02:32:47ZengAIMS PressAIMS Energy2333-83342016-11-014689490510.3934/energy.2016.6.894Energy-04-00894Domestic wastewater treatment using Pt,Ni-RE (rare earth) electrodesEurico Moutinho0Daniele Macciò1Adriana Saccone2Margarida Mateus3Diogo Santos4Materials Electrochemistry Group, CeFEMA, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisbon, PortugalUniversità di Genova, Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, I-16146 Genova, ItalyUniversità di Genova, Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, I-16146 Genova, ItalyRaw Materials Group, CERENA, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisbon, PortugalMaterials Electrochemistry Group, CeFEMA, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisbon, PortugalElectrochemical technologies can be used for the treatment of domestic wastewaters, by eliminating their organic pollutants. They have advantages over conventional methods, such as environmental compatibility, versatility, energy efficiency, safety and cost. The organic compounds degradation process is based on the production of OH radicals, formed during water electrolysis, which oxidize the organic molecules to CO<sub>2</sub>. At the same time, hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>) is produced through reduction of the water in the effluent, which can be later used in a fuel cell. Present study seeks to find effective electrocatalysts to produce H<sub>2</sub> by electrolysis, using domestic wastewaters as the hydrogen source, with or without the addition of supporting electrolyte. Herein KOH is used as the supporting electrolyte, as the extra hydroxide can be used to degrade the organic matter. Nine different electrode materials are evaluated as cathodes for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in a domestic wastewater. The tested materials include platinum (Pt) and platinum-rare earth (Pt-RE) binary alloys, and nickel (Ni) and Ni-RE alloys, with the REs being cerium (Ce), samarium (Sm), dysprosium (Dy), and holmium (Ho). Linear scan voltammetry measurements are conducted at temperatures ranging from 25 to 85 ºC. Several kinetic parameters are calculated, such as the Tafel slopes, charge transfer coefficients and exchange current densities. The data obtained at the different electrode materials is compared and it is clear that Pt-RE alloys show superior activity for the HER. It is also noticeable that the wastewater effluent containing the supporting electrolyte leads to significantly better HER performances.http://www.aimspress.com/energy/article/1067/fulltext.htmldomestic wastewater treatmentplatinumnickelrare-earth alloyshydrogen evolution reaction |
| spellingShingle | Eurico Moutinho Daniele Macciò Adriana Saccone Margarida Mateus Diogo Santos Domestic wastewater treatment using Pt,Ni-RE (rare earth) electrodes AIMS Energy domestic wastewater treatment platinum nickel rare-earth alloys hydrogen evolution reaction |
| title | Domestic wastewater treatment using Pt,Ni-RE (rare earth) electrodes |
| title_full | Domestic wastewater treatment using Pt,Ni-RE (rare earth) electrodes |
| title_fullStr | Domestic wastewater treatment using Pt,Ni-RE (rare earth) electrodes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Domestic wastewater treatment using Pt,Ni-RE (rare earth) electrodes |
| title_short | Domestic wastewater treatment using Pt,Ni-RE (rare earth) electrodes |
| title_sort | domestic wastewater treatment using pt ni re rare earth electrodes |
| topic | domestic wastewater treatment platinum nickel rare-earth alloys hydrogen evolution reaction |
| url | http://www.aimspress.com/energy/article/1067/fulltext.html |
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