Genetic Differentiation of Reintroduced Père David’s Deer (Elaphurus davidianus) Based on Population Genomics Analysis
The reintroduction is an important conservation tool to restore a species in its historically distribution area, but the rate of reintroduction success varies across species or regions due to different reasons. Genetic evaluation is important to the conservation management of reintroduced species. C...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Genetics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2021.705337/full |
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| author | Shumiao Zhang Chao Li Yiping Li Qi Chen Defu Hu Zhibin Cheng Xiao Wang Yunfang Shan Jiade Bai Gang Liu |
| author_facet | Shumiao Zhang Chao Li Yiping Li Qi Chen Defu Hu Zhibin Cheng Xiao Wang Yunfang Shan Jiade Bai Gang Liu |
| author_sort | Shumiao Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The reintroduction is an important conservation tool to restore a species in its historically distribution area, but the rate of reintroduction success varies across species or regions due to different reasons. Genetic evaluation is important to the conservation management of reintroduced species. Conservation concerns relate to genetic threats for species with a small population size or severely historically bottle-necked species, such as negative consequences associated with loss of genetic diversity and inbreeding. The last 40years have seen a rapid increasing of population size for Père David’s deer (Elaphurus davidianus), which originated from a limited founder population. However, the genetic structure of reintroduced Père David’s deer has not been investigated in terms of population genomics, and it is still not clear about the evolutionary history of Père David’s deer and to what extent the inbreeding level is. Conservation genomics methods were used to reconstruct the demographic history of Père David’s deer, evaluate genetic diversity, and characterize genetic structure among 18 individuals from the captive, free-ranging and wild populations. The results showed that 1,456,457 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were obtained for Père David’s deer, and low levels of genome-wide genetic diversity were observed in Père David’s deer compared with Red deer (Cervus elaphus) and Sika deer (Cervus nippon). A moderate population genetic differentiation was detected among three populations of Père David’s deer, especially between the captive population in Beijing Père David’s deer park and the free-ranging population in Jiangsu Dafeng National Nature Reserve. The effective population size of Père David’s deer started to decline ~25.8ka, and the similar levels of three populations’ LD reflected the genetic impacts of long-term population bottlenecks in the Père David’s deer. The findings of this study could highlight the necessity of individual exchange between different facilities, and genetic management should generally be integrated into conservation planning with other management considerations. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-8021 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-18T01:15:39Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Genetics |
| spelling | doaj.art-ff1aa551a32a4226a223a689d12e423b2022-12-21T21:25:58ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Genetics1664-80212021-09-011210.3389/fgene.2021.705337705337Genetic Differentiation of Reintroduced Père David’s Deer (Elaphurus davidianus) Based on Population Genomics AnalysisShumiao Zhang0Chao Li1Yiping Li2Qi Chen3Defu Hu4Zhibin Cheng5Xiao Wang6Yunfang Shan7Jiade Bai8Gang Liu9Beijing Milu Ecological Research Center, Beijing, ChinaBeijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration, Institute of Wetland Research, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, ChinaBeijing Milu Ecological Research Center, Beijing, ChinaBeijing Milu Ecological Research Center, Beijing, ChinaCollege of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, ChinaBeijing Milu Ecological Research Center, Beijing, ChinaBeijing Milu Ecological Research Center, Beijing, ChinaBeijing Milu Ecological Research Center, Beijing, ChinaBeijing Milu Ecological Research Center, Beijing, ChinaBeijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration, Institute of Wetland Research, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, ChinaThe reintroduction is an important conservation tool to restore a species in its historically distribution area, but the rate of reintroduction success varies across species or regions due to different reasons. Genetic evaluation is important to the conservation management of reintroduced species. Conservation concerns relate to genetic threats for species with a small population size or severely historically bottle-necked species, such as negative consequences associated with loss of genetic diversity and inbreeding. The last 40years have seen a rapid increasing of population size for Père David’s deer (Elaphurus davidianus), which originated from a limited founder population. However, the genetic structure of reintroduced Père David’s deer has not been investigated in terms of population genomics, and it is still not clear about the evolutionary history of Père David’s deer and to what extent the inbreeding level is. Conservation genomics methods were used to reconstruct the demographic history of Père David’s deer, evaluate genetic diversity, and characterize genetic structure among 18 individuals from the captive, free-ranging and wild populations. The results showed that 1,456,457 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were obtained for Père David’s deer, and low levels of genome-wide genetic diversity were observed in Père David’s deer compared with Red deer (Cervus elaphus) and Sika deer (Cervus nippon). A moderate population genetic differentiation was detected among three populations of Père David’s deer, especially between the captive population in Beijing Père David’s deer park and the free-ranging population in Jiangsu Dafeng National Nature Reserve. The effective population size of Père David’s deer started to decline ~25.8ka, and the similar levels of three populations’ LD reflected the genetic impacts of long-term population bottlenecks in the Père David’s deer. The findings of this study could highlight the necessity of individual exchange between different facilities, and genetic management should generally be integrated into conservation planning with other management considerations.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2021.705337/fullPère David’s deerreintroductiongenetic differentiationdemographic historypopulation genomics |
| spellingShingle | Shumiao Zhang Chao Li Yiping Li Qi Chen Defu Hu Zhibin Cheng Xiao Wang Yunfang Shan Jiade Bai Gang Liu Genetic Differentiation of Reintroduced Père David’s Deer (Elaphurus davidianus) Based on Population Genomics Analysis Frontiers in Genetics Père David’s deer reintroduction genetic differentiation demographic history population genomics |
| title | Genetic Differentiation of Reintroduced Père David’s Deer (Elaphurus davidianus) Based on Population Genomics Analysis |
| title_full | Genetic Differentiation of Reintroduced Père David’s Deer (Elaphurus davidianus) Based on Population Genomics Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Genetic Differentiation of Reintroduced Père David’s Deer (Elaphurus davidianus) Based on Population Genomics Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genetic Differentiation of Reintroduced Père David’s Deer (Elaphurus davidianus) Based on Population Genomics Analysis |
| title_short | Genetic Differentiation of Reintroduced Père David’s Deer (Elaphurus davidianus) Based on Population Genomics Analysis |
| title_sort | genetic differentiation of reintroduced pere david s deer elaphurus davidianus based on population genomics analysis |
| topic | Père David’s deer reintroduction genetic differentiation demographic history population genomics |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2021.705337/full |
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