The effect of environmental factors on precocious puberty in children: a case–control study
Abstract Background Recently the prevalence of precocious puberty development is increasing among Chinese children. Proper understanding of the risk factors for precocious puberty in children is pivotal as could help to improve children's health. This study aims to evaluate the effect of enviro...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-05-01
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| Series: | BMC Pediatrics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-023-04013-1 |
| _version_ | 1797831925372551168 |
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| author | Francis Manyori Bigambo Dandan Wang Qing Niu Mingzhi Zhang Sabitina Mrisho Mzava Yubing Wang Xu Wang |
| author_facet | Francis Manyori Bigambo Dandan Wang Qing Niu Mingzhi Zhang Sabitina Mrisho Mzava Yubing Wang Xu Wang |
| author_sort | Francis Manyori Bigambo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Recently the prevalence of precocious puberty development is increasing among Chinese children. Proper understanding of the risk factors for precocious puberty in children is pivotal as could help to improve children's health. This study aims to evaluate the effect of environmental factors on precocious puberty in children. Methods We matched the cases and controls by age at the ratio of 1:1 (201 cases and 201 controls) for girls and 1:4 (24 cases and 96 controls) for boys. We used conditional logistic regression to explore the effect of environmental factors on precocious puberty, and a random forest model to identify the most important risk factor. Results In the multivariate regression, cesarean section (OR = 1.99, 95% CI: 1.05, 3.76), child body mass index [BMI] (OR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.10, 1.43), maternal BMI (OR = 1.13, 95%CI: 1.01, 1.26), and exposure to secondhand smoke several times a month but less than once a week (OR = 4.09, 95%CI: 1.79,9.35), and almost every day (OR = 6.48, 95% CI: 2.14, 19.56) were risk factors for precocious puberty in girls. While maternal height (OR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.75, 0.88), paternal height (OR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.85, 0.98), bedtime at night (OR = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.17, 0.51), and night sleep (OR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.21, 0.86) were protective factors. In boys, only exposure to secondhand smoke several times a month but less than once a week (OR = 7.94, 95% CI: 1.25, 50.33) was a risk factor for precocious puberty. In the random forest model, Child BMI was the most important risk factor for precocious puberty in girls. Conclusions Our findings suggest that environmental factors were associated with precocious puberty in children, particularly in girls. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T13:59:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ff1f6a12276d4ea9868bc0f502f8326b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2431 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T13:59:33Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Pediatrics |
| spelling | doaj.art-ff1f6a12276d4ea9868bc0f502f8326b2023-05-07T11:24:23ZengBMCBMC Pediatrics1471-24312023-05-0123111310.1186/s12887-023-04013-1The effect of environmental factors on precocious puberty in children: a case–control studyFrancis Manyori Bigambo0Dandan Wang1Qing Niu2Mingzhi Zhang3Sabitina Mrisho Mzava4Yubing Wang5Xu Wang6School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical UniversityDepartment of Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityDepartment of Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySchool of Public Health, Nanjing Medical UniversityMuhimbili National HospitalDepartment of Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityDepartment of Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityAbstract Background Recently the prevalence of precocious puberty development is increasing among Chinese children. Proper understanding of the risk factors for precocious puberty in children is pivotal as could help to improve children's health. This study aims to evaluate the effect of environmental factors on precocious puberty in children. Methods We matched the cases and controls by age at the ratio of 1:1 (201 cases and 201 controls) for girls and 1:4 (24 cases and 96 controls) for boys. We used conditional logistic regression to explore the effect of environmental factors on precocious puberty, and a random forest model to identify the most important risk factor. Results In the multivariate regression, cesarean section (OR = 1.99, 95% CI: 1.05, 3.76), child body mass index [BMI] (OR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.10, 1.43), maternal BMI (OR = 1.13, 95%CI: 1.01, 1.26), and exposure to secondhand smoke several times a month but less than once a week (OR = 4.09, 95%CI: 1.79,9.35), and almost every day (OR = 6.48, 95% CI: 2.14, 19.56) were risk factors for precocious puberty in girls. While maternal height (OR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.75, 0.88), paternal height (OR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.85, 0.98), bedtime at night (OR = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.17, 0.51), and night sleep (OR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.21, 0.86) were protective factors. In boys, only exposure to secondhand smoke several times a month but less than once a week (OR = 7.94, 95% CI: 1.25, 50.33) was a risk factor for precocious puberty. In the random forest model, Child BMI was the most important risk factor for precocious puberty in girls. Conclusions Our findings suggest that environmental factors were associated with precocious puberty in children, particularly in girls.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-023-04013-1Precocious pubertyCesarean sectionSecondhand smokeChild BMIAdequate sleepChildren |
| spellingShingle | Francis Manyori Bigambo Dandan Wang Qing Niu Mingzhi Zhang Sabitina Mrisho Mzava Yubing Wang Xu Wang The effect of environmental factors on precocious puberty in children: a case–control study BMC Pediatrics Precocious puberty Cesarean section Secondhand smoke Child BMI Adequate sleep Children |
| title | The effect of environmental factors on precocious puberty in children: a case–control study |
| title_full | The effect of environmental factors on precocious puberty in children: a case–control study |
| title_fullStr | The effect of environmental factors on precocious puberty in children: a case–control study |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effect of environmental factors on precocious puberty in children: a case–control study |
| title_short | The effect of environmental factors on precocious puberty in children: a case–control study |
| title_sort | effect of environmental factors on precocious puberty in children a case control study |
| topic | Precocious puberty Cesarean section Secondhand smoke Child BMI Adequate sleep Children |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-023-04013-1 |
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