| Summary: | Petrochemical wastewater contains <i>p</i>-nitrophenol, a highly toxic, bioaccumulative and persistent pollutant that can harm ecosystems and environmental sustainability. In this study, ZIF-8-PhIm was prepared for <i>p</i>-nitrophenol removal from petrochemical wastewater using solvent-assisted ligand exchange (SALE) with 2-phenylimidazole(2-PhIm). The ZIF-8-PhIm’s composition and structure were characterised using the XRD, SEM, FT-IR, <sup>1</sup>H NMR, XPS and BET methods. The adsorption effect of ZIF-8-PhIm on <i>p</i>-nitrophenol was investigated with the static adsorption method. Compared to the ZIF-8 materials, ZIF-8-PhIm exhibited stronger π-π interactions, produced a multistage pore structure with larger pore capacity and size, and had increased hydrophilicity and exposure of adsorption sites. Under optimised conditions (dose = 0.4 g/L, T = 298 K, C<sub>0</sub> = 400 mg/L), ZIF-8-PhIm achieved an adsorption amount of 828.29 mg/g, which had a greater <i>p</i>-nitrophenol adsorption capacity compared to the ZIF-8 material. The Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models appropriately described the <i>p</i>-nitrophenol adsorption of ZIF-8-PhIm. Hydrogen bonding and π-π interactions dominated the <i>p</i>-nitrophenol adsorption of ZIF-8-PhIm. It also had relatively good regeneration properties.
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