Deep Water PAH Cycling in the Japan Basin (the Sea of Japan)
A vertical pattern of fractionated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) was studied in the Japan Basin in the Sea of Japan. The highest PAH concentration was found in the mesopelagic realm, possibly resulting from deep convection and/or subduction of intermediate water and its biogeochemical setti...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/10/12/2015 |
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| author | Yuliya Koudryashova Tatiana Chizhova Mutsuo Inoue Kazuichi Hayakawa Seiya Nagao Evgeniya Marina Rodrigo Mundo |
| author_facet | Yuliya Koudryashova Tatiana Chizhova Mutsuo Inoue Kazuichi Hayakawa Seiya Nagao Evgeniya Marina Rodrigo Mundo |
| author_sort | Yuliya Koudryashova |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A vertical pattern of fractionated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) was studied in the Japan Basin in the Sea of Japan. The highest PAH concentration was found in the mesopelagic realm, possibly resulting from deep convection and/or subduction of intermediate water and its biogeochemical setting in the western Japan Basin. Using <sup>226</sup>Ra and <sup>228</sup>Ra as tracers revealed the PAH load in the open sea from the coastal polluted water. Dissolved PAHs (DPAH, fraction < 0.5 µm) were significantly prevalent particulate PAHs (PPAH, fraction > 0.5 µm) at all depths, associated with a predominance of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) over particulate organic carbon (POC). Hydrophobicity was more important for higher-molecular-weight PAHs to be distributed between particles and the solution, while the high K<sub>oc</sub> of low-molecular-weight PAHs indicated that their partitioning was driven by other factors, such as adsorbing of soot particles. PPAH and DPAH profiles differed from the POC and DOC profiles; nevertheless, a positive moderate correlation was found for DPAH and DOC for depths below the epipelagic, suggesting the similarity of the mechanisms of input of dissolved organic matter and DPAH into the deep interior of the Sea of Japan. The PAH flux calculations showed that biological pumps and overturning circulation contribute almost equally to removing PAHs from the bathypelagic waters of the Japan Basin. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:14:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ff476481c3df4928b0a8eaa63c3a2bf4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-1312 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:14:28Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-ff476481c3df4928b0a8eaa63c3a2bf42023-11-24T15:58:13ZengMDPI AGJournal of Marine Science and Engineering2077-13122022-12-011012201510.3390/jmse10122015Deep Water PAH Cycling in the Japan Basin (the Sea of Japan)Yuliya Koudryashova0Tatiana Chizhova1Mutsuo Inoue2Kazuichi Hayakawa3Seiya Nagao4Evgeniya Marina5Rodrigo Mundo6Pacific Oceanological Institute of Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Baltiyskaya Str. 43, 690041 Vladivostok, RussiaPacific Oceanological Institute of Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Baltiyskaya Str. 43, 690041 Vladivostok, RussiaLow Level Radioactivity Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Nomi 923-1224, JapanLow Level Radioactivity Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Nomi 923-1224, JapanLow Level Radioactivity Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Nomi 923-1224, JapanPacific Oceanological Institute of Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Baltiyskaya Str. 43, 690041 Vladivostok, RussiaDivision of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, JapanA vertical pattern of fractionated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) was studied in the Japan Basin in the Sea of Japan. The highest PAH concentration was found in the mesopelagic realm, possibly resulting from deep convection and/or subduction of intermediate water and its biogeochemical setting in the western Japan Basin. Using <sup>226</sup>Ra and <sup>228</sup>Ra as tracers revealed the PAH load in the open sea from the coastal polluted water. Dissolved PAHs (DPAH, fraction < 0.5 µm) were significantly prevalent particulate PAHs (PPAH, fraction > 0.5 µm) at all depths, associated with a predominance of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) over particulate organic carbon (POC). Hydrophobicity was more important for higher-molecular-weight PAHs to be distributed between particles and the solution, while the high K<sub>oc</sub> of low-molecular-weight PAHs indicated that their partitioning was driven by other factors, such as adsorbing of soot particles. PPAH and DPAH profiles differed from the POC and DOC profiles; nevertheless, a positive moderate correlation was found for DPAH and DOC for depths below the epipelagic, suggesting the similarity of the mechanisms of input of dissolved organic matter and DPAH into the deep interior of the Sea of Japan. The PAH flux calculations showed that biological pumps and overturning circulation contribute almost equally to removing PAHs from the bathypelagic waters of the Japan Basin.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/10/12/2015polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbonsorganic carbonradiumdeep water profilespartitioningremoval flux |
| spellingShingle | Yuliya Koudryashova Tatiana Chizhova Mutsuo Inoue Kazuichi Hayakawa Seiya Nagao Evgeniya Marina Rodrigo Mundo Deep Water PAH Cycling in the Japan Basin (the Sea of Japan) Journal of Marine Science and Engineering polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons organic carbon radium deep water profiles partitioning removal flux |
| title | Deep Water PAH Cycling in the Japan Basin (the Sea of Japan) |
| title_full | Deep Water PAH Cycling in the Japan Basin (the Sea of Japan) |
| title_fullStr | Deep Water PAH Cycling in the Japan Basin (the Sea of Japan) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Deep Water PAH Cycling in the Japan Basin (the Sea of Japan) |
| title_short | Deep Water PAH Cycling in the Japan Basin (the Sea of Japan) |
| title_sort | deep water pah cycling in the japan basin the sea of japan |
| topic | polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons organic carbon radium deep water profiles partitioning removal flux |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/10/12/2015 |
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