Application of Fractal Dimension and Texture Analysis to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Treatment of a Venous Lake in the Oral Mucosa Using a 980 nm Diode Laser—A Preliminary Study
Venous lake (VL) is a common lesion resulting from the enlargement of thin-walled veins surrounded by a thick wall of fibrous tissue. Photocoagulation is becoming one of the basic methods for treating small vascular lesions. The aim of this study was an application of texture analysis (TA) and fract...
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2021-07-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/15/4140 |
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| author | Mateusz Trafalski Marcin Kozakiewicz Kamil Jurczyszyn |
| author_facet | Mateusz Trafalski Marcin Kozakiewicz Kamil Jurczyszyn |
| author_sort | Mateusz Trafalski |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Venous lake (VL) is a common lesion resulting from the enlargement of thin-walled veins surrounded by a thick wall of fibrous tissue. Photocoagulation is becoming one of the basic methods for treating small vascular lesions. The aim of this study was an application of texture analysis (TA) and fractal dimension analysis (FDA) to evaluate VL treatment. Twenty-three VLs were included in the study. We used a 980 nm diode laser, 6 W, 100 ms pulse mode with a 50% duty cycle. The total dose of energy was in a range from 80 J to 600 J. We used the difference of intensity algorithm for FDA and microcontrast and a co-occurrence matrix for TA. A complete therapeutic effect was achieved in 83%, and in 9%, scar formation was observed after three months. No healing was observed in 4%, and there was partial healing in 4%. No differences in FD were observed between the lesions after three months and the healthy mucosa. The fractal dimension and microcontrast of a vascular lesion are mutually coupled. FDA and TA is a useful and objective method of assessing treatment effects for venous lakes. The non-contact mode of the 980 nm diode laser is an effective and safe method for treating a VL. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:13:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ff48713a6a374cf48fc8331bbdbb23c5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:13:36Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-ff48713a6a374cf48fc8331bbdbb23c52023-11-22T05:52:18ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442021-07-011415414010.3390/ma14154140Application of Fractal Dimension and Texture Analysis to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Treatment of a Venous Lake in the Oral Mucosa Using a 980 nm Diode Laser—A Preliminary StudyMateusz Trafalski0Marcin Kozakiewicz1Kamil Jurczyszyn2Department of Dental Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Krakowska 26, 50-425 Wroclaw, PolandDepartment of Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, 113 S. Żeromski Street, 90-549 Lodz, PolandDepartment of Dental Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Krakowska 26, 50-425 Wroclaw, PolandVenous lake (VL) is a common lesion resulting from the enlargement of thin-walled veins surrounded by a thick wall of fibrous tissue. Photocoagulation is becoming one of the basic methods for treating small vascular lesions. The aim of this study was an application of texture analysis (TA) and fractal dimension analysis (FDA) to evaluate VL treatment. Twenty-three VLs were included in the study. We used a 980 nm diode laser, 6 W, 100 ms pulse mode with a 50% duty cycle. The total dose of energy was in a range from 80 J to 600 J. We used the difference of intensity algorithm for FDA and microcontrast and a co-occurrence matrix for TA. A complete therapeutic effect was achieved in 83%, and in 9%, scar formation was observed after three months. No healing was observed in 4%, and there was partial healing in 4%. No differences in FD were observed between the lesions after three months and the healthy mucosa. The fractal dimension and microcontrast of a vascular lesion are mutually coupled. FDA and TA is a useful and objective method of assessing treatment effects for venous lakes. The non-contact mode of the 980 nm diode laser is an effective and safe method for treating a VL.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/15/4140venous lake (VL)diode laser 980 nmtexture analysisfractal dimension analysislaser surgery |
| spellingShingle | Mateusz Trafalski Marcin Kozakiewicz Kamil Jurczyszyn Application of Fractal Dimension and Texture Analysis to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Treatment of a Venous Lake in the Oral Mucosa Using a 980 nm Diode Laser—A Preliminary Study Materials venous lake (VL) diode laser 980 nm texture analysis fractal dimension analysis laser surgery |
| title | Application of Fractal Dimension and Texture Analysis to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Treatment of a Venous Lake in the Oral Mucosa Using a 980 nm Diode Laser—A Preliminary Study |
| title_full | Application of Fractal Dimension and Texture Analysis to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Treatment of a Venous Lake in the Oral Mucosa Using a 980 nm Diode Laser—A Preliminary Study |
| title_fullStr | Application of Fractal Dimension and Texture Analysis to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Treatment of a Venous Lake in the Oral Mucosa Using a 980 nm Diode Laser—A Preliminary Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Application of Fractal Dimension and Texture Analysis to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Treatment of a Venous Lake in the Oral Mucosa Using a 980 nm Diode Laser—A Preliminary Study |
| title_short | Application of Fractal Dimension and Texture Analysis to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Treatment of a Venous Lake in the Oral Mucosa Using a 980 nm Diode Laser—A Preliminary Study |
| title_sort | application of fractal dimension and texture analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment of a venous lake in the oral mucosa using a 980 nm diode laser a preliminary study |
| topic | venous lake (VL) diode laser 980 nm texture analysis fractal dimension analysis laser surgery |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/15/4140 |
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