Development of Bonded Natural Stone Pavement Using Ultra-Rapid-Hardening Mortar
Bonded natural stone pavement has been typically used in historical neighborhoods to satisfy functional and architectural aesthetic standards. Despite its advantages, it has been barely applied to places for heavy traffic volume or high travelling speed because of various structural failures in join...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-05-01
|
| Series: | Applied Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/10/3576 |
| _version_ | 1797567335327858688 |
|---|---|
| author | Eui-Seok Han Junho Gong Hoseong Jeong Dooyong Cho |
| author_facet | Eui-Seok Han Junho Gong Hoseong Jeong Dooyong Cho |
| author_sort | Eui-Seok Han |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Bonded natural stone pavement has been typically used in historical neighborhoods to satisfy functional and architectural aesthetic standards. Despite its advantages, it has been barely applied to places for heavy traffic volume or high travelling speed because of various structural failures in joints and bedding courses. Ultra-rapid-hardening mortar for natural stone pavement was considered as an alternative to minimize these failures. The objective of this study is to develop bound stone pavement using the ultra-rapid-hardening mortar for high traffic volume and evaluate throughout by carrying out material tests, plate load test, accelerated pavement test (APT), and falling weight deflectometer (FWD) test. For the tests, four types of pavements, asphalt, concrete block, and two bound stone pavements, were produced in a testing facility. The bearing capacity of the sub-base course, which was asphalt and concrete, showed values 1.62 and 2.64 times higher than deemed satisfactory. Additionally, rut depth was measured using a transverse profile logger during the APT test and the test was terminated at 1.97 million cumulative equivalent single axle loads (ESALs). In the rut depth measurements, the deepest deflection (16.0 mm) was made in the asphalt pavement and the depth of the concrete block pavement was 4.5 mm. Vertical displacements of 3.0 and 1.5 mm were obtained in stone pavements A and B, respectively. The maximum pavement vertical deflection response was recorded at 0, 0.4, and 1.97 million ESALs. The response results revealed that they were influenced by the material types of either bedding or sub-base courses. With these outcomes, it would be possible to apply the baseline data for designing rigid small element pavement for heavy traffic volume or high travelling speed roads. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:41:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ff50fca3f6e643b5b8d9ef41b0a412f5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:41:21Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-ff50fca3f6e643b5b8d9ef41b0a412f52023-11-20T01:19:12ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172020-05-011010357610.3390/app10103576Development of Bonded Natural Stone Pavement Using Ultra-Rapid-Hardening MortarEui-Seok Han0Junho Gong1Hoseong Jeong2Dooyong Cho3Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental System Engineering, Sungkynkwan University, Suwon 16419, KoreaDepartment of Convergence System Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, KoreaInstitute of Agricultural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, KoreaDepartment of Convergence System Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, KoreaBonded natural stone pavement has been typically used in historical neighborhoods to satisfy functional and architectural aesthetic standards. Despite its advantages, it has been barely applied to places for heavy traffic volume or high travelling speed because of various structural failures in joints and bedding courses. Ultra-rapid-hardening mortar for natural stone pavement was considered as an alternative to minimize these failures. The objective of this study is to develop bound stone pavement using the ultra-rapid-hardening mortar for high traffic volume and evaluate throughout by carrying out material tests, plate load test, accelerated pavement test (APT), and falling weight deflectometer (FWD) test. For the tests, four types of pavements, asphalt, concrete block, and two bound stone pavements, were produced in a testing facility. The bearing capacity of the sub-base course, which was asphalt and concrete, showed values 1.62 and 2.64 times higher than deemed satisfactory. Additionally, rut depth was measured using a transverse profile logger during the APT test and the test was terminated at 1.97 million cumulative equivalent single axle loads (ESALs). In the rut depth measurements, the deepest deflection (16.0 mm) was made in the asphalt pavement and the depth of the concrete block pavement was 4.5 mm. Vertical displacements of 3.0 and 1.5 mm were obtained in stone pavements A and B, respectively. The maximum pavement vertical deflection response was recorded at 0, 0.4, and 1.97 million ESALs. The response results revealed that they were influenced by the material types of either bedding or sub-base courses. With these outcomes, it would be possible to apply the baseline data for designing rigid small element pavement for heavy traffic volume or high travelling speed roads.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/10/3576small element pavementrapid-hardening mortaraccelerated pavement testrut depthfalling weight deflectometer test |
| spellingShingle | Eui-Seok Han Junho Gong Hoseong Jeong Dooyong Cho Development of Bonded Natural Stone Pavement Using Ultra-Rapid-Hardening Mortar Applied Sciences small element pavement rapid-hardening mortar accelerated pavement test rut depth falling weight deflectometer test |
| title | Development of Bonded Natural Stone Pavement Using Ultra-Rapid-Hardening Mortar |
| title_full | Development of Bonded Natural Stone Pavement Using Ultra-Rapid-Hardening Mortar |
| title_fullStr | Development of Bonded Natural Stone Pavement Using Ultra-Rapid-Hardening Mortar |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development of Bonded Natural Stone Pavement Using Ultra-Rapid-Hardening Mortar |
| title_short | Development of Bonded Natural Stone Pavement Using Ultra-Rapid-Hardening Mortar |
| title_sort | development of bonded natural stone pavement using ultra rapid hardening mortar |
| topic | small element pavement rapid-hardening mortar accelerated pavement test rut depth falling weight deflectometer test |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/10/3576 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT euiseokhan developmentofbondednaturalstonepavementusingultrarapidhardeningmortar AT junhogong developmentofbondednaturalstonepavementusingultrarapidhardeningmortar AT hoseongjeong developmentofbondednaturalstonepavementusingultrarapidhardeningmortar AT dooyongcho developmentofbondednaturalstonepavementusingultrarapidhardeningmortar |