Factors affecting success of galls of Aditrochus coihuensis (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) Factores que afectan el éxito de las agallas de Aditrochus coihuensis (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae)
Galls of Aditrochus coihuensis (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) were collected from their host tree, the southern beech Nothofagus dombeyi, near San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina, during the spring of 2007. Galls were carefully examined and classifi ed as successful or unsuccessful based on insect remai...
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| Format: | Article |
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Sociedad Entomológica Argentina
2011-12-01
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| Series: | Revista de la Sociedad Entomológica Argentina |
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| Online Access: | http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0373-56802011000200017 |
| _version_ | 1818319498903552000 |
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| author | Michael Nilsson Juan C. Corley Olle Anderbrant |
| author_facet | Michael Nilsson Juan C. Corley Olle Anderbrant |
| author_sort | Michael Nilsson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Galls of Aditrochus coihuensis (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) were collected from their host tree, the southern beech Nothofagus dombeyi, near San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina, during the spring of 2007. Galls were carefully examined and classifi ed as successful or unsuccessful based on insect remains and emergence-hole diameter. Gall properties (diameter, wall thickness, chamber diameter, wall toughness) were measured and compared between successful galls and unsuccessful (parasitized) galls. Gall diameter and wall thickness were strongly correlated and thick walls seem to function as a protection against parasitoids. Parasitoids (Torymidae) that were found within some galls had an ovipositor length shorter than wall thickness of fully developed galls. Most likely, parasitoids attack galls only during a limited time when the wall is thin enough. Wall toughness did not seem to infl uence gall success. In total 67% of the galls suffered from parasitoids. Inquilines (Curculionidae) were found within some gall walls, with preference for larger galls and for those with thicker walls. Traces of potential bird or wasp predation were also found in a few specimens. Our present fi ndings contribute original descriptive information on these galls. Overall, our results lend further support on the potential importance of natural enemies on gall evolution.<br>Agallas provocadas por Aditrochus coihuensis (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) sobre su hospedero, Nothofagus dombeyi, fueron colectadas en la vecindad de San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina, durante la primavera de 2007. Las mismas fueron examinadas y clasificadas como exitosas o no, sobre la base de restos de insectos dentro de ellas y el diámetro del agujero de emergencia. Distintas propiedades de las agallas (diámetro, grosor y dureza de la pared y diámetro de la cámara) fueron medidas y comparadas como exitosas y no exitosas (parasitadas). El diámetro de las agallas tuvo una fuerte correlación con el grosor de la pared, variable que se asocia con la protección contra los parasitoides. Los parasitoides (Torymidae), que fueron hallados dentro de las agallas, poseen un ovipositor más corto que el grosor de las paredes en aquellas plenamente desarrolladas. Sin embargo, es posible que los parasitoides ataquen las agallas por una ventana temporal, cuando las paredes son aún delgadas. La dureza de las mismas, por su parte, no influyó sobre el éxito de las agallas. También, se hallaron inquilinos (Curculionidae) dentro de ellas, en mayor frecuencia en las de mayor tamaño y con paredes más gruesas. Finalmente, se observaron evidencias de depredación, posiblemente por aves o avispas. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-ff60a0f1c2734ecaa20f649f2dde9e662022-12-21T23:51:28ZengSociedad Entomológica ArgentinaRevista de la Sociedad Entomológica Argentina0373-56801851-74712011-12-01703-4337346Factors affecting success of galls of Aditrochus coihuensis (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) Factores que afectan el éxito de las agallas de Aditrochus coihuensis (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae)Michael NilssonJuan C. CorleyOlle AnderbrantGalls of Aditrochus coihuensis (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) were collected from their host tree, the southern beech Nothofagus dombeyi, near San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina, during the spring of 2007. Galls were carefully examined and classifi ed as successful or unsuccessful based on insect remains and emergence-hole diameter. Gall properties (diameter, wall thickness, chamber diameter, wall toughness) were measured and compared between successful galls and unsuccessful (parasitized) galls. Gall diameter and wall thickness were strongly correlated and thick walls seem to function as a protection against parasitoids. Parasitoids (Torymidae) that were found within some galls had an ovipositor length shorter than wall thickness of fully developed galls. Most likely, parasitoids attack galls only during a limited time when the wall is thin enough. Wall toughness did not seem to infl uence gall success. In total 67% of the galls suffered from parasitoids. Inquilines (Curculionidae) were found within some gall walls, with preference for larger galls and for those with thicker walls. Traces of potential bird or wasp predation were also found in a few specimens. Our present fi ndings contribute original descriptive information on these galls. Overall, our results lend further support on the potential importance of natural enemies on gall evolution.<br>Agallas provocadas por Aditrochus coihuensis (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) sobre su hospedero, Nothofagus dombeyi, fueron colectadas en la vecindad de San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina, durante la primavera de 2007. Las mismas fueron examinadas y clasificadas como exitosas o no, sobre la base de restos de insectos dentro de ellas y el diámetro del agujero de emergencia. Distintas propiedades de las agallas (diámetro, grosor y dureza de la pared y diámetro de la cámara) fueron medidas y comparadas como exitosas y no exitosas (parasitadas). El diámetro de las agallas tuvo una fuerte correlación con el grosor de la pared, variable que se asocia con la protección contra los parasitoides. Los parasitoides (Torymidae), que fueron hallados dentro de las agallas, poseen un ovipositor más corto que el grosor de las paredes en aquellas plenamente desarrolladas. Sin embargo, es posible que los parasitoides ataquen las agallas por una ventana temporal, cuando las paredes son aún delgadas. La dureza de las mismas, por su parte, no influyó sobre el éxito de las agallas. También, se hallaron inquilinos (Curculionidae) dentro de ellas, en mayor frecuencia en las de mayor tamaño y con paredes más gruesas. Finalmente, se observaron evidencias de depredación, posiblemente por aves o avispas.http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0373-56802011000200017Nothofagus dombeyiCohiuePatagoniaInsectos galígenosNothofagus dombeyiCohiuePatagoniaGalling insects |
| spellingShingle | Michael Nilsson Juan C. Corley Olle Anderbrant Factors affecting success of galls of Aditrochus coihuensis (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) Factores que afectan el éxito de las agallas de Aditrochus coihuensis (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) Revista de la Sociedad Entomológica Argentina Nothofagus dombeyi Cohiue Patagonia Insectos galígenos Nothofagus dombeyi Cohiue Patagonia Galling insects |
| title | Factors affecting success of galls of Aditrochus coihuensis (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) Factores que afectan el éxito de las agallas de Aditrochus coihuensis (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) |
| title_full | Factors affecting success of galls of Aditrochus coihuensis (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) Factores que afectan el éxito de las agallas de Aditrochus coihuensis (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) |
| title_fullStr | Factors affecting success of galls of Aditrochus coihuensis (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) Factores que afectan el éxito de las agallas de Aditrochus coihuensis (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Factors affecting success of galls of Aditrochus coihuensis (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) Factores que afectan el éxito de las agallas de Aditrochus coihuensis (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) |
| title_short | Factors affecting success of galls of Aditrochus coihuensis (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) Factores que afectan el éxito de las agallas de Aditrochus coihuensis (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) |
| title_sort | factors affecting success of galls of aditrochus coihuensis hymenoptera pteromalidae factores que afectan el exito de las agallas de aditrochus coihuensis hymenoptera pteromalidae |
| topic | Nothofagus dombeyi Cohiue Patagonia Insectos galígenos Nothofagus dombeyi Cohiue Patagonia Galling insects |
| url | http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0373-56802011000200017 |
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