| Summary: | The present study was aimed to assess the molecular genetic diversity in 14 parental lines (10 maintainers and 4
restorers) of sunflower crop using 51 SSR markers. A total of 147 alleles were produced with the range of 1-6 alleles
per locus. The polymorphic information content (PIC) values ranged from 0.12(ORS1198 in LG5) to 0.74(ORS384 in
LG15) with an average PIC of 0.51. A phylogenetic tree was constructed by neighbour- joining method which grouped
the parents into four clusters. Among the maintainer and restorer combinations, the dissimilarity index was maximum
between CMS 519B and CSFI 99 (0.67) which indicateed high divergence between them. Lower dissimilarity value
was observed between RCR CMS 38B and LTRR 341 (0.40) suggested less divergence between them. Mahalanobis
D2 analysis was also carried out among the parental lines. The D2 analysis grouped the parental lines into six clusters.
Among them genotype pairs CMS104B vs RHA 1-1 and CSFI 99 vs LTRR341 had highest and lowest D2 values
respectively. Dissimilarity and D2 values for parental combinations, mean performance, mid and better parental
heterosis of 40 hybrids for yield and its component traits were subjected to simple correlation analysis. The D2 analysis
did not show any association with performance of hybrids. However, the dissimilarity values showed association with
hybrid performance and heterosis for plant height and volume weight. Hence, the present study indicated that the
selection of parental genotypes with high molecular diversity could result in improved performance of plant height and
volume weight in sunflower hybrids. However further study is required with multi environment data sets.
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