Independent Negative Prognostic Role of TCF1 Expression within the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway in Primary Breast Cancer Patients
The Wnt pathway is involved in the progression of breast cancer (BC). We aimed to evaluate the expression of some components of the Wnt pathway (β-catenin, FZD4 (frizzled receptor 4), LRP5 (low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5), LRP6, and TCF1 (T-cell factor 1)) to detect pote...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-07-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/11/7/1035 |
| _version_ | 1797712372689797120 |
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| author | Concetta Saponaro Emanuela Scarpi Francesco Alfredo Zito Francesco Giotta Nicola Silvestris Anita Mangia |
| author_facet | Concetta Saponaro Emanuela Scarpi Francesco Alfredo Zito Francesco Giotta Nicola Silvestris Anita Mangia |
| author_sort | Concetta Saponaro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Wnt pathway is involved in the progression of breast cancer (BC). We aimed to evaluate the expression of some components of the Wnt pathway (β-catenin, FZD4 (frizzled receptor 4), LRP5 (low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5), LRP6, and TCF1 (T-cell factor 1)) to detect potential associations with NHERF1 (Na+/H+ exchanger regulatory factor 1) protein. Besides, we assessed their impact on patients’ clinical outcome. We evaluated 220 primary BC samples by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and protein localization by immunofluorescence. We found a significant correlation between NHERF1 and FZD4, LRP5, LRP6, and TCF1. Univariate analysis showed that the overexpression of β-catenin (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), FZD4 (<i>p</i> = 0.0001), LRP5, LRP6, and TCF1 (<i>p</i> < 0.0001 respectively) was related to poor disease-free survival (DFS). A Kaplan-Meier analysis confirmed univariate data and showed a poor DFS for cNHERF1+/FZD4+ (<i>p</i> = 0.0007), cNHERF1+/LRP5+ (<i>p</i> = 0.0002), cNHERF1+/LRP6+ (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), and cNHERF1+/TCF1+ phenotypes (<i>p</i> = 0.0034). In multivariate analysis, the expression of TCF1 and β-catenin was an independent prognostic variable of worse DFS (<i>p</i> = 0.009 and <i>p</i> = 0.027, respectively). In conclusion, we found that the overexpression of β-catenin, FZD4, LRP5, LRP6, and TCF1 was associated with poor prognosis. Furthermore, we first identified TCF1 as an independent prognostic factor of poor outcome, indicating it as a new potential biomarker for the management of BC patients. Also, the expression of Wnt pathway proteins, both alone and in association with NHERF1, suggests original associations of biological significance for new studies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T07:20:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ff69bc18f1c9475aa4a2f361d7476412 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T07:20:48Z |
| publishDate | 2019-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-ff69bc18f1c9475aa4a2f361d74764122023-09-02T22:29:24ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942019-07-01117103510.3390/cancers11071035cancers11071035Independent Negative Prognostic Role of TCF1 Expression within the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway in Primary Breast Cancer PatientsConcetta Saponaro0Emanuela Scarpi1Francesco Alfredo Zito2Francesco Giotta3Nicola Silvestris4Anita Mangia5Functional Biomorphology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II” of Bari, 70124 Bari, ItalyUnit of Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, (IRST)-IRCCS Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, 47014 Meldola (FC), ItalyPathology Department, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II” of Bari, 70124 Bari, ItalyMedical Oncology Unit, IRCCS-Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II” of Bari, 70124 Bari, ItalyMedical Oncology Unit, IRCCS-Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II” of Bari, 70124 Bari, ItalyFunctional Biomorphology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II” of Bari, 70124 Bari, ItalyThe Wnt pathway is involved in the progression of breast cancer (BC). We aimed to evaluate the expression of some components of the Wnt pathway (β-catenin, FZD4 (frizzled receptor 4), LRP5 (low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5), LRP6, and TCF1 (T-cell factor 1)) to detect potential associations with NHERF1 (Na+/H+ exchanger regulatory factor 1) protein. Besides, we assessed their impact on patients’ clinical outcome. We evaluated 220 primary BC samples by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and protein localization by immunofluorescence. We found a significant correlation between NHERF1 and FZD4, LRP5, LRP6, and TCF1. Univariate analysis showed that the overexpression of β-catenin (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), FZD4 (<i>p</i> = 0.0001), LRP5, LRP6, and TCF1 (<i>p</i> < 0.0001 respectively) was related to poor disease-free survival (DFS). A Kaplan-Meier analysis confirmed univariate data and showed a poor DFS for cNHERF1+/FZD4+ (<i>p</i> = 0.0007), cNHERF1+/LRP5+ (<i>p</i> = 0.0002), cNHERF1+/LRP6+ (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), and cNHERF1+/TCF1+ phenotypes (<i>p</i> = 0.0034). In multivariate analysis, the expression of TCF1 and β-catenin was an independent prognostic variable of worse DFS (<i>p</i> = 0.009 and <i>p</i> = 0.027, respectively). In conclusion, we found that the overexpression of β-catenin, FZD4, LRP5, LRP6, and TCF1 was associated with poor prognosis. Furthermore, we first identified TCF1 as an independent prognostic factor of poor outcome, indicating it as a new potential biomarker for the management of BC patients. Also, the expression of Wnt pathway proteins, both alone and in association with NHERF1, suggests original associations of biological significance for new studies.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/11/7/1035Breast CancerWnt pathwayTCF1NHERF1 |
| spellingShingle | Concetta Saponaro Emanuela Scarpi Francesco Alfredo Zito Francesco Giotta Nicola Silvestris Anita Mangia Independent Negative Prognostic Role of TCF1 Expression within the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway in Primary Breast Cancer Patients Cancers Breast Cancer Wnt pathway TCF1 NHERF1 |
| title | Independent Negative Prognostic Role of TCF1 Expression within the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway in Primary Breast Cancer Patients |
| title_full | Independent Negative Prognostic Role of TCF1 Expression within the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway in Primary Breast Cancer Patients |
| title_fullStr | Independent Negative Prognostic Role of TCF1 Expression within the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway in Primary Breast Cancer Patients |
| title_full_unstemmed | Independent Negative Prognostic Role of TCF1 Expression within the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway in Primary Breast Cancer Patients |
| title_short | Independent Negative Prognostic Role of TCF1 Expression within the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway in Primary Breast Cancer Patients |
| title_sort | independent negative prognostic role of tcf1 expression within the wnt β catenin signaling pathway in primary breast cancer patients |
| topic | Breast Cancer Wnt pathway TCF1 NHERF1 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/11/7/1035 |
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