The Association between Symptomatic Rotavirus Infection and Histo-Blood Group Antigens in Young Children with Diarrhea in Pretoria, South Africa
Objectives: Recently, histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) have been identified as receptors or attachment factors of several viral pathogens. Among rotaviruses, HBGAs interact with the outer viral protein, VP4, which has been identified as a potential susceptibility factor, although the findings are...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/12/2735 |
| _version_ | 1797455006366957568 |
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| author | Kebareng Rakau Maemu Gededzha Ina Peenze Pengwei Huang Ming Tan Andrew Duncan Steele Luyanda Mapaseka Seheri |
| author_facet | Kebareng Rakau Maemu Gededzha Ina Peenze Pengwei Huang Ming Tan Andrew Duncan Steele Luyanda Mapaseka Seheri |
| author_sort | Kebareng Rakau |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objectives: Recently, histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) have been identified as receptors or attachment factors of several viral pathogens. Among rotaviruses, HBGAs interact with the outer viral protein, VP4, which has been identified as a potential susceptibility factor, although the findings are inconsistent throughout populations due to HBGA polymorphisms. We investigated the association between HBGA phenotypes and rotavirus infection in children with acute gastroenteritis in northern Pretoria, South Africa. Methods: Paired diarrheal stool and saliva samples were collected from children aged ≤ 59 months (n = 342) with acute moderate to severe diarrhea, attending two health care facilities. Rotaviruses in the stool samples were detected by commercial EIA and the rotavirus strains were characterized by RT-PCR targeting the outer capsid VP7 (G-type) and VP4 (P-type) antigens for genotyping. Saliva-based ELISAs were performed to determine A, B, H, and Lewis antigens for blood group typing. Results: Blood type O was the most common blood group (62.5%) in this population, followed by groups A (26.0%), B (9.3%), and AB (2.2%). The H1-based secretors were common (82.7%) compared to the non-secretors (17.3%), and the Lewis antigen positive phenotypes (Le<sup>(a+b+)</sup>) were predominant (54.5%). Blood type A children were more likely to be infected by rotavirus (38.8%) than any other blood types. P[4] rotaviruses (21/49; 42.9%) infected only secretor individuals, whereas P[6] rotaviruses (3/49; 6.1%) only infected Le<sup>(a−b−)</sup>, although the numbers were very low. On the contrary, P[8] rotaviruses infected children with a wide range of blood group phenotypes, including Le<sup>(a−b−)</sup> and non-secretors. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrated that Lewis antigens, or the lack thereof, may serve as susceptibility factors to rotaviral infection by specific VP4 genotypes as observed elsewhere. Potentially, the P[8] strains remain the predominant human VP4 genotype due to their ability to bind to a variety of HBGA phenotypes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:45:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ff73e6897e5b4fac82cb1fc80820dac3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:45:20Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-ff73e6897e5b4fac82cb1fc80820dac32023-11-24T18:38:44ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152022-12-011412273510.3390/v14122735The Association between Symptomatic Rotavirus Infection and Histo-Blood Group Antigens in Young Children with Diarrhea in Pretoria, South AfricaKebareng Rakau0Maemu Gededzha1Ina Peenze2Pengwei Huang3Ming Tan4Andrew Duncan Steele5Luyanda Mapaseka Seheri6Diarrheal Pathogens Research Unit, Department of Virology, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Medunsa 0204, South AfricaDepartment of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand and National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg 2001, South AfricaDiarrheal Pathogens Research Unit, Department of Virology, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Medunsa 0204, South AfricaDivision of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital and Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45245, USADivision of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital and Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45245, USADiarrheal Pathogens Research Unit, Department of Virology, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Medunsa 0204, South AfricaDiarrheal Pathogens Research Unit, Department of Virology, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Medunsa 0204, South AfricaObjectives: Recently, histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) have been identified as receptors or attachment factors of several viral pathogens. Among rotaviruses, HBGAs interact with the outer viral protein, VP4, which has been identified as a potential susceptibility factor, although the findings are inconsistent throughout populations due to HBGA polymorphisms. We investigated the association between HBGA phenotypes and rotavirus infection in children with acute gastroenteritis in northern Pretoria, South Africa. Methods: Paired diarrheal stool and saliva samples were collected from children aged ≤ 59 months (n = 342) with acute moderate to severe diarrhea, attending two health care facilities. Rotaviruses in the stool samples were detected by commercial EIA and the rotavirus strains were characterized by RT-PCR targeting the outer capsid VP7 (G-type) and VP4 (P-type) antigens for genotyping. Saliva-based ELISAs were performed to determine A, B, H, and Lewis antigens for blood group typing. Results: Blood type O was the most common blood group (62.5%) in this population, followed by groups A (26.0%), B (9.3%), and AB (2.2%). The H1-based secretors were common (82.7%) compared to the non-secretors (17.3%), and the Lewis antigen positive phenotypes (Le<sup>(a+b+)</sup>) were predominant (54.5%). Blood type A children were more likely to be infected by rotavirus (38.8%) than any other blood types. P[4] rotaviruses (21/49; 42.9%) infected only secretor individuals, whereas P[6] rotaviruses (3/49; 6.1%) only infected Le<sup>(a−b−)</sup>, although the numbers were very low. On the contrary, P[8] rotaviruses infected children with a wide range of blood group phenotypes, including Le<sup>(a−b−)</sup> and non-secretors. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrated that Lewis antigens, or the lack thereof, may serve as susceptibility factors to rotaviral infection by specific VP4 genotypes as observed elsewhere. Potentially, the P[8] strains remain the predominant human VP4 genotype due to their ability to bind to a variety of HBGA phenotypes.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/12/2735rotavirusHBGALewis antigensSouth Africa |
| spellingShingle | Kebareng Rakau Maemu Gededzha Ina Peenze Pengwei Huang Ming Tan Andrew Duncan Steele Luyanda Mapaseka Seheri The Association between Symptomatic Rotavirus Infection and Histo-Blood Group Antigens in Young Children with Diarrhea in Pretoria, South Africa Viruses rotavirus HBGA Lewis antigens South Africa |
| title | The Association between Symptomatic Rotavirus Infection and Histo-Blood Group Antigens in Young Children with Diarrhea in Pretoria, South Africa |
| title_full | The Association between Symptomatic Rotavirus Infection and Histo-Blood Group Antigens in Young Children with Diarrhea in Pretoria, South Africa |
| title_fullStr | The Association between Symptomatic Rotavirus Infection and Histo-Blood Group Antigens in Young Children with Diarrhea in Pretoria, South Africa |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Association between Symptomatic Rotavirus Infection and Histo-Blood Group Antigens in Young Children with Diarrhea in Pretoria, South Africa |
| title_short | The Association between Symptomatic Rotavirus Infection and Histo-Blood Group Antigens in Young Children with Diarrhea in Pretoria, South Africa |
| title_sort | association between symptomatic rotavirus infection and histo blood group antigens in young children with diarrhea in pretoria south africa |
| topic | rotavirus HBGA Lewis antigens South Africa |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/12/2735 |
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