A Jack of All Trades: Impact of Glucocorticoids on Cellular Cross-Talk in Osteoimmunology
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are known to have a strong impact on the immune system, metabolism, and bone homeostasis. While these functions have been long investigated separately in immunology, metabolism, or bone biology, the understanding of how GCs regulate the cellular cross-talk between innate immune...
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Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-10-01
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Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2019.02460/full |
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author | Mubashir Ahmad Yasmine Hachemi Kevin Paxian Florian Mengele Florian Mengele Mascha Koenen Mascha Koenen Jan Tuckermann |
author_facet | Mubashir Ahmad Yasmine Hachemi Kevin Paxian Florian Mengele Florian Mengele Mascha Koenen Mascha Koenen Jan Tuckermann |
author_sort | Mubashir Ahmad |
collection | DOAJ |
description | Glucocorticoids (GCs) are known to have a strong impact on the immune system, metabolism, and bone homeostasis. While these functions have been long investigated separately in immunology, metabolism, or bone biology, the understanding of how GCs regulate the cellular cross-talk between innate immune cells, mesenchymal cells, and other stromal cells has been garnering attention rather recently. Here we review the recent findings of GC action in osteoporosis, inflammatory bone diseases (rheumatoid and osteoarthritis), and bone regeneration during fracture healing. We focus on studies of pre-clinical animal models that enable dissecting the role of GC actions in innate immune cells, stromal cells, and bone cells using conditional and function-selective mutant mice of the GC receptor (GR), or mice with impaired GC signaling. Importantly, GCs do not only directly affect cellular functions, but also influence the cross-talk between mesenchymal and immune cells, contributing to both beneficial and adverse effects of GCs. Given the importance of endogenous GCs as stress hormones and the wide prescription of pharmaceutical GCs, an improved understanding of GC action is decisive for tackling inflammatory bone diseases, osteoporosis, and aging. |
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format | Article |
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institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
issn | 1664-3224 |
language | English |
last_indexed | 2024-12-13T14:25:23Z |
publishDate | 2019-10-01 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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series | Frontiers in Immunology |
spelling | doaj.art-ff838dd265f84aa6b8db8e44f1a673df2022-12-21T23:41:58ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242019-10-011010.3389/fimmu.2019.02460488347A Jack of All Trades: Impact of Glucocorticoids on Cellular Cross-Talk in OsteoimmunologyMubashir Ahmad0Yasmine Hachemi1Kevin Paxian2Florian Mengele3Florian Mengele4Mascha Koenen5Mascha Koenen6Jan Tuckermann7Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), University of Ulm, Ulm, GermanyInstitute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), University of Ulm, Ulm, GermanyInstitute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), University of Ulm, Ulm, GermanyInstitute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), University of Ulm, Ulm, GermanyPraxisklinik für Orthopädie, Unfall- und Neurochirurgie Prof. Bischoff/ Dr. Spies/ Dr. Mengele, Neu-Ulm, GermanyInstitute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), University of Ulm, Ulm, GermanyDepartment of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United StatesInstitute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), University of Ulm, Ulm, GermanyGlucocorticoids (GCs) are known to have a strong impact on the immune system, metabolism, and bone homeostasis. While these functions have been long investigated separately in immunology, metabolism, or bone biology, the understanding of how GCs regulate the cellular cross-talk between innate immune cells, mesenchymal cells, and other stromal cells has been garnering attention rather recently. Here we review the recent findings of GC action in osteoporosis, inflammatory bone diseases (rheumatoid and osteoarthritis), and bone regeneration during fracture healing. We focus on studies of pre-clinical animal models that enable dissecting the role of GC actions in innate immune cells, stromal cells, and bone cells using conditional and function-selective mutant mice of the GC receptor (GR), or mice with impaired GC signaling. Importantly, GCs do not only directly affect cellular functions, but also influence the cross-talk between mesenchymal and immune cells, contributing to both beneficial and adverse effects of GCs. Given the importance of endogenous GCs as stress hormones and the wide prescription of pharmaceutical GCs, an improved understanding of GC action is decisive for tackling inflammatory bone diseases, osteoporosis, and aging.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2019.02460/fullglucocorticoidsglucocorticoid receptorosteoporosisarthritisinflammationfracture healing |
spellingShingle | Mubashir Ahmad Yasmine Hachemi Kevin Paxian Florian Mengele Florian Mengele Mascha Koenen Mascha Koenen Jan Tuckermann A Jack of All Trades: Impact of Glucocorticoids on Cellular Cross-Talk in Osteoimmunology Frontiers in Immunology glucocorticoids glucocorticoid receptor osteoporosis arthritis inflammation fracture healing |
title | A Jack of All Trades: Impact of Glucocorticoids on Cellular Cross-Talk in Osteoimmunology |
title_full | A Jack of All Trades: Impact of Glucocorticoids on Cellular Cross-Talk in Osteoimmunology |
title_fullStr | A Jack of All Trades: Impact of Glucocorticoids on Cellular Cross-Talk in Osteoimmunology |
title_full_unstemmed | A Jack of All Trades: Impact of Glucocorticoids on Cellular Cross-Talk in Osteoimmunology |
title_short | A Jack of All Trades: Impact of Glucocorticoids on Cellular Cross-Talk in Osteoimmunology |
title_sort | jack of all trades impact of glucocorticoids on cellular cross talk in osteoimmunology |
topic | glucocorticoids glucocorticoid receptor osteoporosis arthritis inflammation fracture healing |
url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2019.02460/full |
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