Co-implementation of conservation tillage and herbicides reduces weed and nematode infestation and enhances the productivity of direct-seeded rice in North-western Indo-Gangetic Plains
Direct-seeded rice (DSR) can be a resource-efficient alternative to puddled transplanted rice (PTR), but weeds and nematodes pose severe challenges. Conservation agriculture (CA)-based DSR may inhibit/influence weeds/nematodes, which can be further intensified by adopting better weed control. Hence,...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2022.1017013/full |
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| author | Rishi Raj T. K. Das Pankaj Tirthankar Banerjee A. Ghosh Ranjan Bhattacharyya Debashis Chakraborty Shiv Prasad Subhash Babu Vikash Kumar Suman Sen Sonaka Ghosh |
| author_facet | Rishi Raj T. K. Das Pankaj Tirthankar Banerjee A. Ghosh Ranjan Bhattacharyya Debashis Chakraborty Shiv Prasad Subhash Babu Vikash Kumar Suman Sen Sonaka Ghosh |
| author_sort | Rishi Raj |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Direct-seeded rice (DSR) can be a resource-efficient alternative to puddled transplanted rice (PTR), but weeds and nematodes pose severe challenges. Conservation agriculture (CA)-based DSR may inhibit/influence weeds/nematodes, which can be further intensified by adopting better weed control. Hence, this experiment was undertaken. Five CA-based DSR practices involving zero tillage, residue retention, brown manuring, and superimposed with four weed control/herbicide options were compared with PTR in a split-plot design replicated three times. All DSRs encountered more weeds and plant parasitic nematodes (PPNs) than PTR. Root-knot nematodes (RKN) infested five among 14 weeds present in rice and was first time found in Dinebra retroflexa. A CA-based zero till (ZT)DSR+ mungbean residue – ZT wheat + rice residue – ZT mungbean+wheat residue system reduced weeds significantly. It reduced RKN galls in Echinochloa colona, Echinochloa crusgalli, and rice plants by 72, 58, and 56%, respectively. In soil too, RKN and other PPNs, namely, Tylenchorhynchus brevilineatus and Pratylenchus thornei were reduced by 39%, 32%, and 26%, respectively, which gave a 6.3–22.7% higher yield in this CA practice than other DSRs. Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, cyhalofop-butyl, and bispyribac-Na applied sequentially reduced weeds and PPNs, increased rice yield by 176.1%, and were at below detectable levels in soil, rice grains, and straw, and were safe for rotational crops. The above ZT-based triple cropping with residue supplemented with herbicides through better weed and nematode control would be an alternative to PTR in the North-wester Indo-Gangetic Plains of India and in similar agroecologies of the tropics/sub-tropics. This study would help farmers and policymakers to design integrated weed and nematode management modules using tillage, crop residue, and herbicides/pesticides for higher DSR yield and income. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T16:10:31Z |
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| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T16:10:31Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-ffa776fc89d74f97a8d56fb994b431072022-12-22T03:25:55ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems2571-581X2022-10-01610.3389/fsufs.2022.10170131017013Co-implementation of conservation tillage and herbicides reduces weed and nematode infestation and enhances the productivity of direct-seeded rice in North-western Indo-Gangetic PlainsRishi Raj0T. K. Das1 Pankaj2Tirthankar Banerjee3A. Ghosh4Ranjan Bhattacharyya5Debashis Chakraborty6Shiv Prasad7Subhash Babu8Vikash Kumar9Suman Sen10Sonaka Ghosh11Division of Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, IndiaDivision of Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, IndiaDivision of Nematology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, IndiaDivision of Agricultural Chemicals, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, IndiaDivision of Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, IndiaDivision of Environment Science, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, IndiaDivision of Agricultural Physics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, IndiaDivision of Environment Science, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, IndiaDivision of Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, IndiaC. P. College of Agriculture, Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Dantiwada, IndiaDivision of Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, IndiaDivision of Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, IndiaDirect-seeded rice (DSR) can be a resource-efficient alternative to puddled transplanted rice (PTR), but weeds and nematodes pose severe challenges. Conservation agriculture (CA)-based DSR may inhibit/influence weeds/nematodes, which can be further intensified by adopting better weed control. Hence, this experiment was undertaken. Five CA-based DSR practices involving zero tillage, residue retention, brown manuring, and superimposed with four weed control/herbicide options were compared with PTR in a split-plot design replicated three times. All DSRs encountered more weeds and plant parasitic nematodes (PPNs) than PTR. Root-knot nematodes (RKN) infested five among 14 weeds present in rice and was first time found in Dinebra retroflexa. A CA-based zero till (ZT)DSR+ mungbean residue – ZT wheat + rice residue – ZT mungbean+wheat residue system reduced weeds significantly. It reduced RKN galls in Echinochloa colona, Echinochloa crusgalli, and rice plants by 72, 58, and 56%, respectively. In soil too, RKN and other PPNs, namely, Tylenchorhynchus brevilineatus and Pratylenchus thornei were reduced by 39%, 32%, and 26%, respectively, which gave a 6.3–22.7% higher yield in this CA practice than other DSRs. Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, cyhalofop-butyl, and bispyribac-Na applied sequentially reduced weeds and PPNs, increased rice yield by 176.1%, and were at below detectable levels in soil, rice grains, and straw, and were safe for rotational crops. The above ZT-based triple cropping with residue supplemented with herbicides through better weed and nematode control would be an alternative to PTR in the North-wester Indo-Gangetic Plains of India and in similar agroecologies of the tropics/sub-tropics. This study would help farmers and policymakers to design integrated weed and nematode management modules using tillage, crop residue, and herbicides/pesticides for higher DSR yield and income.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2022.1017013/fullbispyribac-Nacyhalofop-butylLC-MS/MSplant parasitic nematodesQuEChERSroot-knot nematode |
| spellingShingle | Rishi Raj T. K. Das Pankaj Tirthankar Banerjee A. Ghosh Ranjan Bhattacharyya Debashis Chakraborty Shiv Prasad Subhash Babu Vikash Kumar Suman Sen Sonaka Ghosh Co-implementation of conservation tillage and herbicides reduces weed and nematode infestation and enhances the productivity of direct-seeded rice in North-western Indo-Gangetic Plains Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems bispyribac-Na cyhalofop-butyl LC-MS/MS plant parasitic nematodes QuEChERS root-knot nematode |
| title | Co-implementation of conservation tillage and herbicides reduces weed and nematode infestation and enhances the productivity of direct-seeded rice in North-western Indo-Gangetic Plains |
| title_full | Co-implementation of conservation tillage and herbicides reduces weed and nematode infestation and enhances the productivity of direct-seeded rice in North-western Indo-Gangetic Plains |
| title_fullStr | Co-implementation of conservation tillage and herbicides reduces weed and nematode infestation and enhances the productivity of direct-seeded rice in North-western Indo-Gangetic Plains |
| title_full_unstemmed | Co-implementation of conservation tillage and herbicides reduces weed and nematode infestation and enhances the productivity of direct-seeded rice in North-western Indo-Gangetic Plains |
| title_short | Co-implementation of conservation tillage and herbicides reduces weed and nematode infestation and enhances the productivity of direct-seeded rice in North-western Indo-Gangetic Plains |
| title_sort | co implementation of conservation tillage and herbicides reduces weed and nematode infestation and enhances the productivity of direct seeded rice in north western indo gangetic plains |
| topic | bispyribac-Na cyhalofop-butyl LC-MS/MS plant parasitic nematodes QuEChERS root-knot nematode |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2022.1017013/full |
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