Feasibility of Seated Stepping and Handshaking as a Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing: A Pilot Study
Cardiopulmonary function is usually assessed by cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) using a cycle ergometer (CE-CPX) or a treadmill, which is difficult in patients with lower extremity motor dysfunction. A stepping and handshaking (SHS) exercise has been developed that can be performed safely and...
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| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/6/2140 |
| _version_ | 1797611069837934592 |
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| author | Kyosuke Imashiro Yasuko Nishioka Kenzo Teramura Hiromi Hashimoto Hiroki Kimura Naoya Tanabe Yasuhiro Taniguchi Koya Nakai Yasunori Umemoto Tomoyuki Ito Fumihiro Tajima Yasuo Mikami |
| author_facet | Kyosuke Imashiro Yasuko Nishioka Kenzo Teramura Hiromi Hashimoto Hiroki Kimura Naoya Tanabe Yasuhiro Taniguchi Koya Nakai Yasunori Umemoto Tomoyuki Ito Fumihiro Tajima Yasuo Mikami |
| author_sort | Kyosuke Imashiro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cardiopulmonary function is usually assessed by cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) using a cycle ergometer (CE-CPX) or a treadmill, which is difficult in patients with lower extremity motor dysfunction. A stepping and handshaking (SHS) exercise has been developed that can be performed safely and easily while sitting on a chair. This study compared peak oxygen uptake (peak <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mover accent="true"><mi mathvariant="normal">V</mi><mo>.</mo></mover><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>) between CE-CPX and SHS-CPX in healthy adults and investigated the safety and validity of SHS-CPX. Twenty young adults (mean age 27.8 ± 4.4 years) were randomly assigned to perform CE-CPX or SHS-CPX, with the other test to follow 1–2 weeks later. The peak <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mover accent="true"><mi mathvariant="normal">V</mi><mo>.</mo></mover><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, respiratory exchange ratio (RER), peak heart rate, blood pressure, and test completion time were compared between CE-CPX and SHS-CPX. All subjects completed the examination and met the criteria for peak <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mover accent="true"><mi mathvariant="normal">V</mi><mo>.</mo></mover><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>. SHS-CPX and CE-CPX showed a strong correlation with peak <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mover accent="true"><mi mathvariant="normal">V</mi><mo>.</mo></mover><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> (r = 0.85, <i>p</i> < 0.0001). The peak <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mover accent="true"><mi mathvariant="normal">V</mi><mo>.</mo></mover><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> (40.4 ± 11.3 mL/min/kg vs. 28.9 ± 8.0 mL/min/kg), peak heart rate (190.6 ± 8.9 bpm vs. 172.1 ± 12.6 bpm), and test completion time (1052.8 ± 143.7 s vs. 609.1 ± 96.2 s) were significantly lower in the SHS-CPX (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). There were no adverse events. The peak <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mover accent="true"><mi mathvariant="normal">V</mi><mo>.</mo></mover><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> with SHS-CPX was equivalent to about 70% of that with CE-CPX despite the exercise being performed in a sitting position, suggesting its suitability as a submaximal exercise test. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:23:39Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:23:39Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-ffb4761f8a81414e9c5f13a3ca8929472023-11-17T11:48:40ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832023-03-01126214010.3390/jcm12062140Feasibility of Seated Stepping and Handshaking as a Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing: A Pilot StudyKyosuke Imashiro0Yasuko Nishioka1Kenzo Teramura2Hiromi Hashimoto3Hiroki Kimura4Naoya Tanabe5Yasuhiro Taniguchi6Koya Nakai7Yasunori Umemoto8Tomoyuki Ito9Fumihiro Tajima10Yasuo Mikami11Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8509, JapanDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8509, JapanDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8509, JapanDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8509, JapanDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8509, JapanDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8509, JapanDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8509, JapanDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8509, JapanDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8509, JapanDepartment of Rehabilitation, Kyoto Konoe Rehabilitation Hospital, 26 Yoshidakonoecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8315, JapanDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8509, JapanDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, JapanCardiopulmonary function is usually assessed by cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) using a cycle ergometer (CE-CPX) or a treadmill, which is difficult in patients with lower extremity motor dysfunction. A stepping and handshaking (SHS) exercise has been developed that can be performed safely and easily while sitting on a chair. This study compared peak oxygen uptake (peak <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mover accent="true"><mi mathvariant="normal">V</mi><mo>.</mo></mover><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>) between CE-CPX and SHS-CPX in healthy adults and investigated the safety and validity of SHS-CPX. Twenty young adults (mean age 27.8 ± 4.4 years) were randomly assigned to perform CE-CPX or SHS-CPX, with the other test to follow 1–2 weeks later. The peak <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mover accent="true"><mi mathvariant="normal">V</mi><mo>.</mo></mover><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, respiratory exchange ratio (RER), peak heart rate, blood pressure, and test completion time were compared between CE-CPX and SHS-CPX. All subjects completed the examination and met the criteria for peak <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mover accent="true"><mi mathvariant="normal">V</mi><mo>.</mo></mover><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>. SHS-CPX and CE-CPX showed a strong correlation with peak <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mover accent="true"><mi mathvariant="normal">V</mi><mo>.</mo></mover><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> (r = 0.85, <i>p</i> < 0.0001). The peak <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mover accent="true"><mi mathvariant="normal">V</mi><mo>.</mo></mover><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> (40.4 ± 11.3 mL/min/kg vs. 28.9 ± 8.0 mL/min/kg), peak heart rate (190.6 ± 8.9 bpm vs. 172.1 ± 12.6 bpm), and test completion time (1052.8 ± 143.7 s vs. 609.1 ± 96.2 s) were significantly lower in the SHS-CPX (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). There were no adverse events. The peak <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mover accent="true"><mi mathvariant="normal">V</mi><mo>.</mo></mover><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> with SHS-CPX was equivalent to about 70% of that with CE-CPX despite the exercise being performed in a sitting position, suggesting its suitability as a submaximal exercise test.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/6/2140aerobic exercisecardiopulmonary exercise testcycle ergometersubmaximal exercise test |
| spellingShingle | Kyosuke Imashiro Yasuko Nishioka Kenzo Teramura Hiromi Hashimoto Hiroki Kimura Naoya Tanabe Yasuhiro Taniguchi Koya Nakai Yasunori Umemoto Tomoyuki Ito Fumihiro Tajima Yasuo Mikami Feasibility of Seated Stepping and Handshaking as a Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing: A Pilot Study Journal of Clinical Medicine aerobic exercise cardiopulmonary exercise test cycle ergometer submaximal exercise test |
| title | Feasibility of Seated Stepping and Handshaking as a Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing: A Pilot Study |
| title_full | Feasibility of Seated Stepping and Handshaking as a Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing: A Pilot Study |
| title_fullStr | Feasibility of Seated Stepping and Handshaking as a Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing: A Pilot Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Feasibility of Seated Stepping and Handshaking as a Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing: A Pilot Study |
| title_short | Feasibility of Seated Stepping and Handshaking as a Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing: A Pilot Study |
| title_sort | feasibility of seated stepping and handshaking as a cardiopulmonary exercise testing a pilot study |
| topic | aerobic exercise cardiopulmonary exercise test cycle ergometer submaximal exercise test |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/6/2140 |
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