Luminous Flux in Ex-Vivo Porcine Eyes during Endoillumination and during Transscleral Illumination Depending on the Transmission Properties of the Eyewall
(1) Background: During eye surgery, it is important that sufficient light enlightens the inside of the eye for small structures to become visible. The intraocular brightness is influenced by the luminous flux of the illumination system. However, the intraocular luminous flux during surgery has not b...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Photonics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/10/4/362 |
| _version_ | 1797603852073041920 |
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| author | Nicole Fehler Martin Heßling |
| author_facet | Nicole Fehler Martin Heßling |
| author_sort | Nicole Fehler |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | (1) Background: During eye surgery, it is important that sufficient light enlightens the inside of the eye for small structures to become visible. The intraocular brightness is influenced by the luminous flux of the illumination system. However, the intraocular luminous flux during surgery has not been investigated so far. Insufficient luminous flux makes vision difficult for the surgeon, whereas excessive luminous flux can cause damage to the retina. Therefore, the luminous flux in lightly and strongly pigmented eyes is determined by endoillumination and diaphanoscopic illumination. (2) Methods: First, the luminous flux emitted from a diaphanoscopic illumination fiber is measured. For determining the intraocular luminous flux, this is multiplied with the transmission properties of the eyewall, which are determined for ex vivo porcine eyes. In order to compare the luminous flux of transscleral illumination with that of endoillumination, the luminous flux of various endoillumination fibers is examined. (3) Results: The results reveal that the total transmission of the eyewall is up to 2.5 times higher for blue/lightly pigmented eyes than for brown/strongly pigmented eyes. With this, the intraocular luminous flux in ex vivo porcine eyes is around 95% higher for less pigmented eyes than for strong pigmented eyes, considering intraocular reflections. (4) Conclusion: To obtain the same brightness in blue and brown eyes, the surgeon can reduce the intensity of the light source when illuminating blue eyes to reduce their retinal risk. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:37:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ffbaa62a7f3843d986b5e54a022b18e5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2304-6732 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:37:52Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Photonics |
| spelling | doaj.art-ffbaa62a7f3843d986b5e54a022b18e52023-11-17T20:56:59ZengMDPI AGPhotonics2304-67322023-03-0110436210.3390/photonics10040362Luminous Flux in Ex-Vivo Porcine Eyes during Endoillumination and during Transscleral Illumination Depending on the Transmission Properties of the EyewallNicole Fehler0Martin Heßling1Institute of Medical Engineering and Mechatronics, Ulm University of Applied Sciences, Albert-Einstein-Allee 55, 89081 Ulm, GermanyInstitute of Medical Engineering and Mechatronics, Ulm University of Applied Sciences, Albert-Einstein-Allee 55, 89081 Ulm, Germany(1) Background: During eye surgery, it is important that sufficient light enlightens the inside of the eye for small structures to become visible. The intraocular brightness is influenced by the luminous flux of the illumination system. However, the intraocular luminous flux during surgery has not been investigated so far. Insufficient luminous flux makes vision difficult for the surgeon, whereas excessive luminous flux can cause damage to the retina. Therefore, the luminous flux in lightly and strongly pigmented eyes is determined by endoillumination and diaphanoscopic illumination. (2) Methods: First, the luminous flux emitted from a diaphanoscopic illumination fiber is measured. For determining the intraocular luminous flux, this is multiplied with the transmission properties of the eyewall, which are determined for ex vivo porcine eyes. In order to compare the luminous flux of transscleral illumination with that of endoillumination, the luminous flux of various endoillumination fibers is examined. (3) Results: The results reveal that the total transmission of the eyewall is up to 2.5 times higher for blue/lightly pigmented eyes than for brown/strongly pigmented eyes. With this, the intraocular luminous flux in ex vivo porcine eyes is around 95% higher for less pigmented eyes than for strong pigmented eyes, considering intraocular reflections. (4) Conclusion: To obtain the same brightness in blue and brown eyes, the surgeon can reduce the intensity of the light source when illuminating blue eyes to reduce their retinal risk.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/10/4/362transmissioneyewallluminous fluxdiaphanoscopyendoilluminationpigmentation |
| spellingShingle | Nicole Fehler Martin Heßling Luminous Flux in Ex-Vivo Porcine Eyes during Endoillumination and during Transscleral Illumination Depending on the Transmission Properties of the Eyewall Photonics transmission eyewall luminous flux diaphanoscopy endoillumination pigmentation |
| title | Luminous Flux in Ex-Vivo Porcine Eyes during Endoillumination and during Transscleral Illumination Depending on the Transmission Properties of the Eyewall |
| title_full | Luminous Flux in Ex-Vivo Porcine Eyes during Endoillumination and during Transscleral Illumination Depending on the Transmission Properties of the Eyewall |
| title_fullStr | Luminous Flux in Ex-Vivo Porcine Eyes during Endoillumination and during Transscleral Illumination Depending on the Transmission Properties of the Eyewall |
| title_full_unstemmed | Luminous Flux in Ex-Vivo Porcine Eyes during Endoillumination and during Transscleral Illumination Depending on the Transmission Properties of the Eyewall |
| title_short | Luminous Flux in Ex-Vivo Porcine Eyes during Endoillumination and during Transscleral Illumination Depending on the Transmission Properties of the Eyewall |
| title_sort | luminous flux in ex vivo porcine eyes during endoillumination and during transscleral illumination depending on the transmission properties of the eyewall |
| topic | transmission eyewall luminous flux diaphanoscopy endoillumination pigmentation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/10/4/362 |
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