5-Hydroxytryptamine, Glutamate, and ATP: Much More Than Neurotransmitters
5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is derived from the essential amino acid L-tryptophan. Although the compound has been studied extensively for its neuronal handling and synaptic actions, serotonin 5-HT receptors can be found extra-synaptically and not only in neurons but in many types of mammalian cells,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2021.667815/full |
| _version_ | 1818850410725638144 |
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| author | Rafael Franco Rafael Franco Rafael Rivas-Santisteban Rafael Rivas-Santisteban Jaume Lillo Jaume Lillo Jordi Camps Gemma Navarro Gemma Navarro Irene Reyes-Resina |
| author_facet | Rafael Franco Rafael Franco Rafael Rivas-Santisteban Rafael Rivas-Santisteban Jaume Lillo Jaume Lillo Jordi Camps Gemma Navarro Gemma Navarro Irene Reyes-Resina |
| author_sort | Rafael Franco |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is derived from the essential amino acid L-tryptophan. Although the compound has been studied extensively for its neuronal handling and synaptic actions, serotonin 5-HT receptors can be found extra-synaptically and not only in neurons but in many types of mammalian cells, inside and outside the central nervous system (CNS). In sharp contrast, glutamate (Glu) and ATP are better known as metabolism-related molecules, but they also are neurotransmitters, and their receptors are expressed on almost any type of cell inside and outside the nervous system. Whereas 5-hydroxytryptamine and Glu are key regulators of the immune system, ATP actions are more general. 5-hydroxytryptamine, ATP and Glu act through both G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), and ionotropic receptors, i.e., ligand gated ion channels. These are the three examples of neurotransmitters whose actions as holistic regulatory molecules are briefly put into perspective here. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T06:48:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ffbdce063747488596b6cc1f9b103c9d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-634X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T06:48:42Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-ffbdce063747488596b6cc1f9b103c9d2022-12-21T20:31:51ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology2296-634X2021-04-01910.3389/fcell.2021.6678156678155-Hydroxytryptamine, Glutamate, and ATP: Much More Than NeurotransmittersRafael Franco0Rafael Franco1Rafael Rivas-Santisteban2Rafael Rivas-Santisteban3Jaume Lillo4Jaume Lillo5Jordi Camps6Gemma Navarro7Gemma Navarro8Irene Reyes-Resina9Department Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, School of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainCentro de Investigación en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIberNed), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, SpainDepartment Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, School of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainCentro de Investigación en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIberNed), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, SpainDepartment Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, School of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainCentro de Investigación en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIberNed), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, SpainDepartment Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, School of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainCentro de Investigación en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIberNed), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainDepartment Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, School of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is derived from the essential amino acid L-tryptophan. Although the compound has been studied extensively for its neuronal handling and synaptic actions, serotonin 5-HT receptors can be found extra-synaptically and not only in neurons but in many types of mammalian cells, inside and outside the central nervous system (CNS). In sharp contrast, glutamate (Glu) and ATP are better known as metabolism-related molecules, but they also are neurotransmitters, and their receptors are expressed on almost any type of cell inside and outside the nervous system. Whereas 5-hydroxytryptamine and Glu are key regulators of the immune system, ATP actions are more general. 5-hydroxytryptamine, ATP and Glu act through both G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), and ionotropic receptors, i.e., ligand gated ion channels. These are the three examples of neurotransmitters whose actions as holistic regulatory molecules are briefly put into perspective here.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2021.667815/fullserotoninadenosine receptorspurinergic signalingP2 receptorsimmune systemheart |
| spellingShingle | Rafael Franco Rafael Franco Rafael Rivas-Santisteban Rafael Rivas-Santisteban Jaume Lillo Jaume Lillo Jordi Camps Gemma Navarro Gemma Navarro Irene Reyes-Resina 5-Hydroxytryptamine, Glutamate, and ATP: Much More Than Neurotransmitters Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology serotonin adenosine receptors purinergic signaling P2 receptors immune system heart |
| title | 5-Hydroxytryptamine, Glutamate, and ATP: Much More Than Neurotransmitters |
| title_full | 5-Hydroxytryptamine, Glutamate, and ATP: Much More Than Neurotransmitters |
| title_fullStr | 5-Hydroxytryptamine, Glutamate, and ATP: Much More Than Neurotransmitters |
| title_full_unstemmed | 5-Hydroxytryptamine, Glutamate, and ATP: Much More Than Neurotransmitters |
| title_short | 5-Hydroxytryptamine, Glutamate, and ATP: Much More Than Neurotransmitters |
| title_sort | 5 hydroxytryptamine glutamate and atp much more than neurotransmitters |
| topic | serotonin adenosine receptors purinergic signaling P2 receptors immune system heart |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2021.667815/full |
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